The inundation of Cordyceps sinensis counterfeits in the market makes it difficult to identify. In this study, 21 batches of wild C. sinensis from 3 different regions, 30 batches of naturally cultured C. sinensis and 4 kinds of counterfeits extracted by methanol and water were analyzed using NMR technology. 9 characteristic peaks were defined as quantitative criterion after comparison, and NMR fingerprints of C. sinensis were established. According to the result it is highly similar between naturally cultured C. sinensis and wild ones by comparing their NMR fingerprints. However, NMR spectra of four kinds of adulterants showed differences with C. sinensis. The result also showed that NMR fingerprint of C. sinensis are highly characteristic and specific. The NMR characteristic fingerprint of wild C. sinensis was consistent with the naturally cultured C. sinensis, and it indicated that the chemical constituents of wild C. sinensis and naturally cultured C. sinensis are nearly the same.

Objective:To investigate the effect of chimney stent for reconstruction of left subclavical artery (LSA) in thoracic endovascular aotic repair (TEVAR) for acute Stanford type B aortic dissection with insufficient anchorage zone and non-thrombotic false lumen.Methods:TEVAR with chimney stent for LSA in 39 cases of acute Stanford type B aortic dissection with insufficient anchorage zone and non-thrombotic false lumen was done from Feb 2013 to Jan 2021.Results:Covered chimney stents was used in 11 cases and bare chimney stents in 28 cases. There was no postoperative stroke, left upper limb ischemia, paraplegia, hemiplegia and death. No stent migration, reverse tear and dissection rupture were observed. One bare stent was obstructed after 18 months, and all the remaining stents were patent during follow-up. The rate of immediate type Ⅰa endoleak in covered chimney stent group and bare chimney stent group were 0(0/11) and 32.1%(9/28) respectively ( P=0.04). The distance from proximal tear to LSA in covered chimney stent group, endoleak subgroup and non-endoleak subgroup in bare chimney stent were (5.1±2.3)mm, (14.4±5.2)mm and (7.8±7.0)mm respectively ( P<0.05). False lumen thrombosis was formed in endoleak subgroup 2-8 weeks after operation, and endoleak disappeared. Conclusions:There is a correlation between immediate type Ⅰa endoleak in bare chimney stent for LSA and the distance from proximal tear to LSA, covered chimney stent can reduce the incidence of immediate type Ⅰa endoleak in TEVAR for acute Stanford type B aortic dissection with insufficient anchorage zone and non-thrombotic false lumen.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and mechanism of paeonol in inhibiting the migration of bladder cancer T24 cells by regulating nuclear factor κB （NF-κB）/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α）-mediated aerobic glycolysis. METHODS T24 cells were divided into control group， cisplatin group （positive control， 3.001 μg/mL）， and paeonol low-， medium- and high-dose groups （100， 200， 400 μg/mL）， respectively. After 24 h of administration intervention， the effect of paeonol on the migration ability of T24 cells was detected （expressed by the cell scratch wound healing rate）. The effect of paeonol on the mitochondrial membrane potential of T24 cells was detected （expressed by the ratio of red/green fluorescence intensity）. Cellular adenosine triphosphate （ATP） levels and lactate content in T24 cells were measured. The levels of NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling pathway， the expression of migration-related proteins， and key enzymes involved in aerobic glycolysis in the cells were all determined. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the cell scratch wound healing rates in the paeonol medium- and high-dose groups and the cisplatin group were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）； in the paeonol groups， the expression levels of NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling pathway-related proteins such as NF- κB and HIF-1α， migration-related proteins such as matrix metalloproteinase 2 （MMP2）， MMP9， and vascular endothelial growth factor， as well as key enzymes involved in aerobic glycolysis such as glucose transporter 1， hexokinase 2 and pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2， were all reduced to varying degrees in the cells， most of these reductions showed statistically significant differences （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the ratio of red/green fluorescence intensity in mitochondria of cells in the medium- and high-dose paeonol groups were significantly decreased （P＜0.01）； the ATP concentration in cells of the paeonol high-dose group， and the lactate content in cells across all paeonol groups were significantly decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Paeonol significantly inhibits the migration of bladder cancer T24 cells， and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling pathway， and the down-regulation of key enzyme activities involved in aerobic glycolysis.