Objective To observe the clinical manifestations and fe at ures of fundus fluorescein angiograms (FFA) of patients with multifocal choroidi tis (MFC). Methods The data of 8 patients who had been diagnos ed by clinic and FFA as with MFC were collected, and their clinical manifestatio ns and results of FFA were analyzed and valued. Results The ag e of the 7 female and 1 male patients ranged from 16 to 32, and all of the 8 pa tients had high myopia (from -6.00 D to -8.00 D) with binocular multiple small yellowish white lesions in posterior pole of the fundus and a few phlogistic ce lls in vitreous body. In addition, macular choroidal neovascularization membrane (CNV) was found in 6 patients, binocular in 2 and monocular in 4. The results o f FFA in 7 patients showed hypofluorescence of the yellowish-white lesions at t he early phase and pigmentation at the late phase; Corresponding manifestations of FFA could be found in the patients attended by CNV surrounded by leakage. Conclusion MFC are mostly diagnosed in young females with myopia. Most of the patients had binocular affection with multiple small yellowish whit e lesions at the posterior pole, whose FFA shows hypofluoresence of the active l esions at the early phase and pigmentation at the late phase. CNV may occur in p atients with MFC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical result of anterior elbow approach and internal fixation for the treatment of capitulum humeri fractures. Methods From January 1997 to December 2003,11 patients of 9 males and 2 females with capitulum humeri fractures were chosen anterorredial approaches of elbow. The fractures were terated with under direct vision and were fixed with screws. The left arms in 7, right in 4, the age of the group were from 14 to 18 years old, with the average of 15 years. 7 cases of them were treated with close reduction but failed. The operative time was from 3 days to 7 days after injury. They were fresh and close fractures. According to wangyicong's classification system all were TypeⅠ. Results All operations were successful, no nerves and blood vessels injury, the incisions were all healed by first intention. The X-ray films shows that the fractures were anatomic reduction. The healing time was 6 weeks in average and all patients were followed up with an average 3.5 years, no postoperative complications such as:myositis ossificans, post-traumatic arthritis, avascular necrosis of capitulum humeri. According to Cassebanm and the percentage of elbow joints pain was measured with patient visual pain index function score system: 7 caese of excellent, 4 case of good. Conclusion Displace of capitulum-trochlea hemeri does not link with muscle and capsula articularis, blood carries supply. Without avascular necrosis probably occurs at far stage. The close manipulation of capitulum humeri fractures hardly succeeds. The treatment with accurate open reduction associated with strong fixation can decrease the rate of avascular necrosis in the capitulum humeri fractures. The capitulum humeri fractures are suitable for opening reduced direct vision and fixing with screws through anteroeedial approaches of the elbow. The patients were encouraged to proceed for active rehabilitation early such as the elbow flexion-extension. Its short-term clinical outcomes is more excellent.

Objective To evaluate glaucoma and anterior chamber angle changes after intravitreal silicone oil injection(SOI). Methods The intraocular pressure(IOP) and anterior chamber angles of 34 eyes(33 patients)undergone pars plana vitrectomy and SOI were observed. Results Glaucoma occurred in 9 eyes(26%),in which silicone oil glaucoma(SOG)accounted for 77%(7/9).The changes of the superior part of anterior chamber angle were peripheral anterior synechiae in 11 eye(32%) and SO emulsification droplets in 22 eyes(64%) in 1～4.5 months after surgeries.Glaucoma occurred in 6 eyes of 7 eyes undergone peripheral iridectomy at the inferior part of the iris after the closure of iridectomy holes(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the whole blood detection of 0-13 years old children infected with trace elements of magnesium ,zinc ,copper ,ferrum and calcium ,and infectious diseases .Methods we were measured the whole blood trace elements by the atomic absorption spectrometry in a population of 1 183 cases of infectious diseases ,the infection group were made up of the male 638 cases and female 545 cases ,according to the different infection system was divided into 828 infectious cases of the respiratory system ,251 cases in digestive system infection ,104 cases in other system infection .The control group used earlier to our hospital outpatient department of Pediatrics voluntary to examine for the healthy children in 160 cases ,including male 96 ca‐ses ,female 64 cases .Results Zinc ,ferrum and calcium that infectious diseases group compared with the control group was obvious difference(P<0 .05) .The trace elements that compared with the different age groups or the different infectious diseases were also difference ,In the middle of infectious diseases the lack of zinc ,ferrum ,calcium children aged 0-13 years old accounted for 14 .2% , 10 .3% ,6 .7% .Magnesium and copper′s deficiency is rare .Conclusion Children of infectious diseases aged 0 to 13 years show the lack of zinc ,ferrum ,calcium ,so we could have reasonable supplement according to the specific circumstances .

0.05).CONCLUSIONS The effects of the four sterilization methods are uniform.Plasma hydrogen peroxide is a highly effective,safe and with environmental protection method.Soak for 30 minutes with 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde is a supplementary method when using high pressure or ethylene oxide methods.

Sixty-eight cases undergoing living related renal transplantation in First Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2004 and August 2007 were selected.The informed consent was obtained from the donors and recipients.The clinical data about operation assistance were retrospectively analyzed,including the pre-operation air sterilization in operation room,preparation of apparatus,one-off utensils and medicine,donor position fixation,assistance in kidney perfusion and preparation,management and usage of medicines,and steps of assistance during operation by instrument nurse.The results show the operational apparatus and utensils were prepared well,and the nurses knew well operation process and worked in harmony with the surgeons.For the 68 donor kidneys,the warm ischemic time was 1-6 minutes,and cold ischemic time was 10-118 minutes.The operations for both donors and recipients ran smoothly and lasted for 2.5-4 hours.Blood loss was less than 200 mL.Vital signs were stable during operation,and no complications happened.Good pre-operative preparation,strict management of personnel participating in operation,and training of assistant techniques are the preconditions for operation assistance.Rigorous aseptic management and correct preservation of organs are the keys for assistance for living donor kidney transplantation.Short warm and cold ischemic time of the donor kidneys are of great importance for the success of operation and the long-term survival of transplanted patients.

Objective:To search for a better RT-PCR method for detecting CK19 mRNA. Methods: RT-PCR methods were used to detect the expression of CK19 mRNA in the tumor tissues and in the peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer and in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects. Results: The influence of pseudogene and genome was observed through nonreversely transcripted RNA controls and comparison of several pairs of primers.The interference could be effectively eliminated by regulating the annealing temperature based on mismatched primers. Conclusion: The presence of pseudogene and genome interferes the experimental protocol in RT-PCR,which can be resolved with the method introduced in our paper.

Objective To compare the contents of berberine,palmatine,jatrorrhizine,baicalin and geniposide between traditional decoction and dispensing granule decoction of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction.Methods A HPLC method was carried out on Diamonsil C18 column(250 ? 4.6 mm,5 ?m).The mixture of H2O(A),CH3OH(B)and 0.05 % H3PO4 solution(C)was used as the mobile phase for gradient elution.The column temperature was set up at 35 ℃ and the flow rate was l mL/min.The detection wavelength was 345nm for berberine,palmtine and jatrorrhizine,280 nm for baicalin,and 238 nm for geniposide.Results This method can be used to determine 5 components in Huanglian Jiedu Decoction at the same time and the method was rapid,sensitive and accurate.Conclusion The HPLC chromatograms of traditional sliced decoction of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction are similar to the dispensing granule decoction.The contents of 5 main components in dispensing granule decoction are higher than those in traditional sliced decoction.

Objective To illustrate and discuss the technique and clinical value of scapula Y-position radiography.Methods Scapula Y-position radiographies were performed on 110 patients with shoulder joint injury or omalgia.The patient standed in front of the panel face to face, with the affected joint closed to the panel, and the arms fell naturally and palms pronated to stick close to the body.The angle between the coronal plane and the panel was about 55 to 65 degree, put the affected caput humeri at the center of the panel,tilted the tube to foot-side by 15 degree,and aimed the axis at caput humeri.Results Among the 110 patients, 82 radiographies were successfully taken by the first time,28 failed because of the inappropriate body-tilt angle.We had exposed 5 acromion fractures cases, 20 flexural and hook-form acromion cases, 35 cases with the acomion-caput humeri distance less than 1 cm, and 2 coracoid fracture cases.Conclusion Scapula Y-position radiography has high clinical value that could expose the osseous anatomic exit of the rotator cuff and guide the clinical treatments.

Objective To develop a method for determination of 18 organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides in human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS. Methods Following deproteinization by acetonitrile, an aliquot of the biological sample was injected into a C18 column(1.7μm 2.1×50mm) using 5mmol/L Ammonium acetate-methanol as the mobile phase with the flow rate of 0.3mL/min, the injection volume was 10μL. Electro spray ionization(ESI) Indicators source was applied and operated in positive ion mode, and multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode was used to quantify. Results The limits of detection(LODs) in human plasma ranged from 0.1 to 40ng/mL, and the limits of quantitation(LOQs) ranged from 0.5 to 50ng/mL. An excellent linearity was observed for these LOQs up to 50ng/mL. The average extraction recoveries were with in 64.3%~111.9%, relative standard deviation(RSD) is 3.9%~10.3%. Conclusion This method is specific, sensitive and accurate, and can be used to detect pesticides in forensic.