TCM and psychiatry are two different medical systems,but they diagnose and treat diseases through clinical symptoms observation.Both have the characteristics of entity,variety and flexibility on medical thoughts,basic theory and diagnosis and treatment.The difference lies in that TCM has unified medical thought easy for learning,the psychiatry has unified diagnosis standard easy for operation.The two’s mutual supplementation will have great meaning in their development.

Objective To observe the effects of calcitriol on cellular proliferation and apoptosis,and on the expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced α-SMA and extracellular matrix(ECM)synthesis in renal interstitial fibroblasts,so as to illustrate its potential roles and underlying mechanisms in preventing renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods In NRK-49F of cultured rats in vitro,cellular proliferation was detected by MTY.The cellular cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow eytometry using annexin-V FITC/propidium iodide(PI).Real-time PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of α-SMA,CTGF and FN,and Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression of α-SMA and FN. Results Cellular proliferation was inhibited by calcitriol through G1-arrest (P＜0.05).But calcitriol had no effect on cell apoptosis(P＞0.05).Increased expression of α-SMA,CTGF and FN mRNA induced by TGF-β1were significantly suppressed by calcitriol as compared with TGF-β1 treated group (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference among the groups with various concentration of calcitrol (P＞0.05).The similar phenomenon of the level of α-SMA and FN protein expression was observed in all groups by Western blot. Conclusion Caleiniol inhibits cellular proliferation of renal interstitial fibroblast by G1-arrest,but has no effect on cell apoptosis,and can prevent renal interstitial fibrosis caused by TGF-β1.

The flower-shaped Pt-Au-graphene oxide ( GO ) nanostructures were synthesized by one-step electrochemical reduction method. The electrocatalytic activities of the nanostructures toward glucose oxidation were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The results indicated that the nanocomposites exhibited a higher electrocatalytic activity than the Pt-Au nanoparticles. A glucose nonenzyme sensor could be easily developed with the use of the flower-shaped Pt-Au-GO nanostructure. The sensor exhibited low detection limit (4. 0 μmol/L), a wide and useful linear range (1. 0-25. 0 mmol/L), and high sensitivity (26. 3 μA cm-2 ( mmol)-1 ) . In addition, the sensor exhibited excellent reproducibility, stability and selectivity for the determination of glucose, and it could be used to analyze real samples.

Objective: To evaluate the advantage of perfluorocarbon liquid as a hydrokinetic manipulation tool during complex vitreoretinal surgery. Methods: Forty-two eyes with complicated retinal detachment were treated with vitrectomy and intravitreal perfluorocarbon liquid injection. Postoperative tamponade were obtained with silicon oil or gas. Results: Retinas were successfully reattached in all eyes intraoperatively, after a follow-up period of 3-6 months,34 of the 42 retinas (81%) remain attached . Conclusion: Perfluorocarbon liquid is an ideal hydrokinetic manipulation tool during complex vitreoretinal surgery.

Background The vitreoretinal traction plays a critical role in the formation of macular hole and cystoid macular edema.Enzymatic vitreolysis has potential in relieving vitreoretinal traction as a simple and less invasive method in comparison with pars plane vitrectomy.ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the effects of plasmin mutant with kringle domains deficiency(Plm△K)on vitreoretinal interface in new Zealand white rabbits.Methods Plm△K was prepared through activating plasminogen mutant with Kringle domains deficiency (Plg△K) by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).100μL of Plm△K at the dose of 0.5,1.0 and 1.5μmol/min was injected respectively into the vitreous of 48 New Zealand white rabbits and 16 eyes for each dose.B-scan and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed to detect the structure variety at the vitreoretinal interface in 1 day and 7 days after injection.The gross anatomy analysis with triamcinolone acetonide fine particle suspension,as well as histopathological examinations by scanning electron microscopy,was performed in the different time points mentioned above.Results Two peptide chains were determined with the relative molecular weight about 26000 and 5000 by the gel imaging analysis of reduced SDS-PAGE.Separation of the posterior vitreous cortex from retina was found after intravitreous injection under the B-scan and OCT.The ultrastructure change of vitreoretinal interface as well as the examination of fine particle suspension by triamcinolone acetonide demonstrated the same outcome.The degree of remnants of vitreous cortex showed the negative correlation with the dosage of Plm△K (r=-0.9516,P=0.048).No significant correlation was found between the degree of remnants of vitreous cortex and the action time(r=-0.720,P=0.470).There was no obvious morphological difference in outer layer of retina between control eyes and Plm△K-treated eyes.No drug-related adverse event was found after intravitreous injection of Plm△K.Conclusion Intravitreous injection of Plm△K alone can induce complete separation of vitreous from retina.This procedure is safe and effective.

Objective To systematically study the chemical constituents in the roots of Gentiana macrophylla from Shaanxi Province. Methods Various column chromatographic techniques were used for isolation and purification of the principles. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data (UV, IR, MS, (~1H-NMR), (~(13)C-NMR), (~1H-~1H COSY) and (~1H-~(13)C COSY), HMBC, and HMQC) and identified by comparing with the authentic substance. Results Five compounds were got from fat-soluble fraction. They are identified as: N-pentacosyl-2-carboxy-benzoyl amide (Ⅰ), 5-carboxyl-3, 4-dihydrogen-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one (Ⅱ), erythrocentaurin (Ⅲ), roburic acid (Ⅳ), oleanolic acid (Ⅴ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ are two novel ones. They are named as qinjiaoamide and erythrocentauric acid, respectively. Compound Ⅲ is isolated from the plants of Gentiana L. for the first time.

Objective To review the publication of general practice education in China mainland in 20 years from 1993 to 2012.Methods The research articles of general practice education published between January 1,1993 and December 31,2012 were searched from CNKI and Wanfang databases, and analyzed with bibliometric and literature management software NoteExpress 2, Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 13.0.Results Total 4 281 articles were retrieved and 241 education relevant articles were selected.29.9％ (72/241) of the 241 articles were on on-campus education, 67.6％ (163/241) were on continuing medical education and 4.5％ (11/241) were on post-graduation education.As to the published institutions, 58.5％ (141/241) were from the medical colleges and research institutions, 25.7％ (62/241 were from the tertiary hospitals, 3.7％ (9/241) were from primary care institutions, 1.7％ (4/241 were from the secondary hospitals and 5.8％ (14/241) were from the government departments.The general practice education grants increased from 1 in 2001 to 46 in 2012;20 of which were supported by provincial and ministerial level funds.Conclusion The contents of general medical education literature in China is mainly on on-campus education and continuing medical education;most of which were from the tertiary hospitals and the medical colleges and research institutions.The amount of research grants of general practice education were increasing year by year during 1993-2012, indicating that more attention had been paid to general practice education in mainland China in the last two decades.

Objective: To determine the anti rejection effects of CTLA 4 Ig fusion protein on cardiac allografts in mice and to discuss its mechanism in vivo . Methods: BALB/c recipients were performed cervical heterotopic heart transplantation to receive C57BL/6 donor hearts with a cuff technique. BALB/c recipients were intraperitoneally injected with CTLA 4 Ig [100 ?g/d?15 times], control immunoglobins and PBS to observe the survival time of allografts with ECG. The hyporesponsiveness of splenic T cell, the polarization of the T subsets were analyzed after the recipients treated with CTLA 4 Ig. Results: After treated with CTLA 4 Ig, the survival of cardiac grafts was significantly prolonged compared with the control groups, and more than 40% cardiac grafts survived over 2 months. The splenic T cells isolated from recipients did not respond to restimulation of donor splenocytes in MLR, but did exhibit the capacity to proliferate in response to C3H splenocytes(third party).The levels of IL 2 and IFN ? decreased and the level of IL 10 increased in CTLA 4 Ig treated mice. Conclusion: Administration of CTLA 4 Ig can induce donor specific tolerance, which induce T subsets to polarize toward Th2 subset and hyporesponsiveness to alloantigen, and prolong the survival time of the cardiac grafts effectively. [

Objective To study effect of virus inactivation/removal treated by solvent/detergent method and dry heating at 80℃, 72 h for inactivation in human coagulation factor Ⅷ.Methods Human coagulation factor Ⅷextracted from healthy human plas-ma were treated by solvent/detergent method and dry heating at 80℃, 72 h for inactivation .The virus inactivation effect was validated by adding the indicator virus ( PRV, Sindbis, HIV, EMCV, PPV).Results The methods could effectively inactivate lipid-enveloped and non lipid-enveloped viruses which could be used for virus inactivation /removal during human coagulation factor Ⅷexperiments , the residual amount of TNBP in production was less than one percent ten thousand (10 ppm), the residual Tween-80 concentration was less than one percent hundred thousand (100 ppm),which all met the safety standards .Conclusion and no significant change was ob-served in the activation and other indicators of human coagulation factor Ⅷ.