Objective To compare and analyze the changes of CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4 in different pathologictypes of gastric cancer.Methods 93 patients with gastric cancer were divided into different groups according to the histological types,pathologic types and TNM staging.The levels of CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4 of the patients were measured,then the results were compared and analyzed.Results The level of serum tumor marker of the moderately differentiated group was obviously higher than that of well-differentiated group(P ＜ 0.05),while the level of serum tumor marker of the poorly differentiated group was obviously higher than that of moderately differentiated group (P ＜ 0.05).The differences of levels of CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4 between the well-differentiated group,moderately differentiatedgroup and poorly differentiated group were statistically significant(F =61.433,57.882,125.547,all P ＜ 0.05).The differences of levels of CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4 between patients of TMN Ⅰ stage,TMN Ⅱ stage,TMN Ⅲ stage,TMN Ⅳstage were statistically significant(F =189.624,95.236,80.342,all P ＜ 0.05).The difference of serum tumor marker between different histological groups was not statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The concentration of serum CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4 will be higher if the gastric tumor is poorly differentiated or invades deeply,but the concentration of serum tumor has nothing to do with the histological types of the tumor.

Tanshinones are a large class of hydrophobic natural products isolated from traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and related plants. Tanshinones include tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone, and so on. Both the tanshinones and the salvianolic acids have been identi-fied as the characteristic and main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with cardiovascular protective activities. Ac-cumulated data in recent years have revealed that tanshinones possess remarkable anti-cancer activities both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we summarize the latest progress of the an-ti-cancer effect and the underlying mechanisms of tanshinones, particularly with emphasis on tanshinone ⅡA, which might pro-vide reference for the further research and development of these compounds.

Objective To assess the clinical features and risk factors of coronary heart disease(CHD)in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The clinical data of 32 lupus patients with CHD and 64 age and sex-matched lupus patients without CHD from a total of 1792 in-patients with lupus from January 1994 to December 2008 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.The traditional risk factors of atherosclemsis as well as their association with the characteristics of lupus were evaluated and compared between the two group of patients.Results The average age of CHD group was(51±12)years with an average disease duration of((8±6) years、.The most common coronary events were acute myocardial infaretio(53%)and non-stable,angina[34%).Among the 12 patients who accepted coronary angiography or computed tomography scan of coronary artery,11 patients had significant atheroselerosis lesions and 1 had thrombosis in coronary arteries.Their atheroselerosis lesions were severe,which manifested as diffuse stenosis and severe calcification.Compared to the control group,the CHD group patients had more traditional risk factors[(3.9±1.8)vs(2.0±1.6),P<0.01 j as well as higher prevalence of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,postmenopausal and smoking(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the CHD group patients had longer SLE duration[12.0(6.3~19.8)vs 2.0[O.8～9.0)years,P<0.01)J,higher C3 level[(750±364)vs(598±267)mg/L,P<0.05]and higher totalprednisone dose[28.8(0~49.8)vs 24.0(0~24.6)g,P<0.05]compared to patients without CHD.No significant differences were found in auto-antibodies,SLE disease activity,organ damage,average Drednisone dose and cyclophosI,hamide usage between the two groups of patients.Multi-variate analysls showed more traditional risk factors(OR:1.62)and longer SLE duration(OR=1.09)Were independent predictors of CHD.Condusion Atherosclerosis is a common pathological change of coronary in lupus patients with CHD.Traditional risk flactors of atherosclerosis and lupus duration are identified to be the independent risk factors of CHD in SLE patients.Early interventions for traditional risk factors and appropriate control of lupus arerecommended.

Objective To examine the effects of IL-10 on cardiac fibroblasts ( CFBs) proliferation and phenotype transformation to myofibroblasts (MyoFbs) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1);and to investigate the regulating pathways .Methods Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from cardiac ventricles of neonatal SD rats . The passage 2~4 were used and divided into the following groups for treatment:1) control group, 2) IL-10 reac-tion group, 3) TGF-β1 reaction group, and 4) IL-10 plus TGF-β1 reaction group (TGF-β1 treatment followed with IL-10 pretreatment ) .Cells proliferation was assessed by MTT assay and immunocytochemistry staining for prolifera-ting cell nuclear antigen (PCNA);the phenotype transformation into MyoFbs was assessed by immunocytochemistry of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA);extracellular signal related kinase ( ERK1/2) and P38 kinase pathways were assessed by western-blot.Results TGF-β1 (10 μg/L) treatment boosted the proliferation and the expression ofα-SMA significantly (P<0.01), while IL-10 (10, 50 or 100 μg/L) plus TGF-β1 co-treatment induced lower cell proliferation and expression of α-SMA than treating with TGF-β1 alone ( P<0.05 ) , with the inhibitory effect of IL-10 being concentration dependent .TGF-β1 could significantly stimulate the ERK 1/2 and P38 kinase phospho-rylation ( P<0.01 ) , however IL-10 (100 μg/L) plus TGF-β1 co-treatment failed to down-regulated the phospho-rylation of ERK1/2 and P38 kinase compared with TGF-β1 alone ( ERK1/2:P<0.05;P38:P<0.01 ) .Conclu-sions IL-10 can attenuate TGF-β1-induced CFBs proliferation and phenotype transformation to MyoFbs .The in-hibitory effects may explained by a mechanism of inhibiting the activation of ERK 1/2 and P38 kinase .

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP).Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive hospitalized pneumonia cases from January 2007 through April 2008.Results HCAP group of 75 patients was compared with 133 patients of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and 76 patients of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Most of HCAP patients had a history of recent hospitalization (47 cases), clinical IV infusion (27 cases), and prior chemotherapy or antibiotic therapy (27 cases). Underlying diseases were identified in 71 (94.7%) of HCAP patients, significantly higher than that in CAP group (37.6%, P<0.01). Positive sputum culture in CAP, HCAP and HAP was 22.6%, 56.9%, 77.6% respectively. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in HCAP (71.43%) and HAP (80%) was comparable (P>0.05). Initial antibiotic therapy was effective in 47 (62.6%) cases of HCAP. Only 52.9% of the identified pathogens were sensitive to initial antibiotic therapies. The mortality of HCAP (12%) was similar to HAP (23%, P>0.05), but significantly higher than CAP (3%, P<0.05).Conclusions HCAP is a common type of pneumonia, which is characterized by more resistant pathogens, higher mortality, more comorbidities and poor outcomes. Antibiotic therapy should cover the hospital acquired bacterial pathogens.

AIM To observe the protective effects of mangiferin on the inflammatory injury and expression of the inflammatory factor in the cerebral tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats and on MCP-1/CCR2 signal pathway.METHODS Forty spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into model,benazepril [10 mg/(kg · d)] and mangiferin high,middle and low dose [40,20,10 mg/(kg · d)] groups and other eight rats of same week age served as control group.After consecutive intragastric administration for eight weeks,morphology of the rats' cerebral tissue was observed;their levels of ICAM-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in cerebral tissue were determined by ELISA;their expressions of MCP-1 and CCR2 protein in brain tissue of rats were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot and the detection of mRNA expressions of MCP-1 and CCR2 in cerebral tissue of rats were carried out by RT-PCR.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the blood pressure of mangiferin in each dosage group decreased slightly,but there was no significant statistical difference.In the control group and the model group,there was no obvious morphological change in the cerebral tissue.The morphology of rats in the benazepril group,each dose of mangiferin group were all normal.The contents of IL-6,TNF-α,ICAM-1 and MCP1,CCR2 protein and mRNA expression were significantly decreased in the cerebral tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats.CONCLUSION Mangiferin has obvious anti-inflammatory effects on inflammatory reaction in spontaneously hypertensive rats,its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression of MCP/CCR2 signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) and cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) protein in sinonasal squamoucell carcinoma(SNSCC) .MethodThe immunohistochemical SP method and Western blomethod were adopted to determine the expression of Dkk-1 and Bcl-2 in 30 specimenof SNSC(SNSCgroup) ,38 specimenof sinonasal inverted papillomas(SNIP group) and 20 specimenof middle turbinate mucosa(control group) .ResultThe expression of DKK-1 protein in the SNSCgroup wasignificantly down-regulated compared with the SNIP group and the control group ,while the expression of Bcl-2 protein in the SNSCgroup wasignificantly up-regulated compared with the SNIP group and the control group;in the SNSCgroup ,the positive rateof DKK-1 protein and Bcl-2 protein in the high and middle differentiation group and the low differentiation group were 100 .00% ,68 .75% ,33 .33% and 50 .00% ,62 .50% ,100 .00% respectively ,the differencewere statistically significan(P＜0 .05) .Conclusion Dkk-1 protein may play an importanpromoting role in the developmenand pro-gression procesof SNSC,the expression of Dkk-1 protein hanegative correlation with the expression of Bcl-2 protein in SNSC,which may become new targespoof SNSCgene therapy .

Objective To investigate serum uric acid (UA) levels and related clinical features in patients with high risk syndrome of neuromyelitis optica. Methods UA levels were measured in 51 patients with high risk syndrome of neuromyelitis optica including 34 with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and 17 with optic neuritis (ON), 48 with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), 45 with other neurological diseases (OND) and 65 with healthy controls (HC). The disability severity was assessed by the expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Spinal lesions were viewed by MRI. Serum aquaporin-4(AQP4) antibody was tested in cell based immunofluorescence assay. Results Serum UA levels in LETM ( ( 189. 84 ±85. 65) μmol/L) and ON patients ( (222. 12 ±61.68) μmol/L) were significantly lower than that in OND ((315.90±71.36) μ mol/L) and HC ((291.05 ±76.64) μ mol/L) subjects (P＜0.01). No difference was found between LETM, ON and NMO groups. UA levels were significantly lower in females ( ( 158.24 ±55.92), (187.00±47.52), (198.21 ±62.62), (274.51 ±70.66)and (243.26±60.65) μmol/L)than in males ( ( 262. 09 ± 101.63 ), ( 262. 45 ± 62. 13 ), ( 298.90 ± 74. 14 ), ( 355.37 ± 50. 30 ) and (340. 34 ±58. 23) μmol/L) in all groups (t=3. 183, 2.578, 4.356, 4.365 and 6.579, all P＜0.05).UA levels in patients with high risk syndrome of NMO were not correlated with mono or relapse course,duration or status of serum AQP4 antibody. UA were negatively correlated with EDSS in patients with LETM (r= -0.714, P＜0.01). Conclusion Lower serum UA levels were found in patients with high risk syndrome of NMO and related to more severe symptoms in LETM group.

Objective To investigate serum uric acid (UA) levels and related clinical characteristics of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Methods The serum uric acid levels were measured in 65 patients with NMO, compared to control groups which were 76 cases with multiple sclerosis ( MS), 126 cases with cerebral vascular diseases (CVD) and 130 healthy controls(HC). The disability severity in NMO was assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) was performed to strengthen assessment the involved lesions. Serum AQP4 antibody was tested in a cell based immunofluorescence assay. Results In male groups, serum UA levels in NMO patients [ (298.90±74.14) μmol/L] were significantly lower than that in CVD [ (355.37 ±50. 30) μmol/L] and HC subjects [ (340.33 ± 58.23 ) μmol/L, P ＜ 0.05 ]. No difference was found between NMO and MS [ ( 292.36 ±92.95) μmol/L] groups. In female groups, serum UA levels in NMO patients [(198.21 ± 62.62)μmol/L] were significantly lower than that in CVD [(274.51 ± 70.66) μmol/L] and HC subjects [(243.26 ±60.65) μmol/L,P ＜0.05]. No difference was found between NMO and MS [(232.29 ±71.95 ) μmol/L ] groups. UA levels were significantly lower in females [ ( 198.21 ± 62. 62) μ mol/L] than in males [ (298.90 ±74.14) μmol/L]. UA levels were significantly lower in patients with EDSS≥5 [ ( 195.48 ± 83.70 )μmol/L] than EDSS ＜ 5 [ (241.00 ± 63.20)μmol/L] NMO patients. In our study UA levels were not correlated with longitude of spinal lesions, activity revealed by MRI and AQP4 antibody tires.Conclusion Lower serum UA levels were found in patients with NMO and related to more severe symptoms.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) in elderly hospitalized patients,and analyze the risk factors for HAL Methods Incidences of HAI in elderly(elderly group) and non-elderly hospitalized patients (control) in a tertiary first-class hospital were investigated,the underlying diseases,infection sites,department distribution and so on between two groups of patients were compared.Results The incidence of HAI in elderly group was higher than that in control group(3.38 ％ vs 1.45 ％,P＜0.05);the proportions of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in elderly group was higher than control group,while cerebrovascular disease was lower than control group.The proportion of lower respiratory tract infection,urinary system infection and antimicrobial-associated diarrheal in the elderly were higher than control group(41.62％ vs 28.00％,15.44％ vs 12.02％,6.03％ vs 3.15％,respectively).The incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in the elderly group was higher than that in control group(6.85‰ vs 3.95‰,RR95％CI =1.209-2.485,P＜0.05).The proportion of HAI in the elderly group in internal medicine departments was higher than that in control group (52.71％ vs 40.03％),while in intensive care unit was lower than control group (33.52％ vs 41.19％).Conclusion The characteristics of HAI in elderly patients are closely related to their demographic characteristics,early prevention of HAI in key sites should be carried out according to its characteristics.