Objective To study the effects of estradiol benzoate on the morphology and number of neurons in cerebral frontal cortex and hippocampal CA1 area of 2VO OVX rats Methods Eighteen female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, that is, sham operation, 2VO OVX (bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and ovariectomy)+ sesame oil, and 2VO OVX+estrogen replacement (named as S, O and E groups respectively) The changes of morphology and number of neurons in frontal cortex and hippocampal CA1 were studied with light and electron microscopy Results The numbers and shape of neurons in frontal cortex and CA1 were well maintained in E group, better than in O group but worse than in S group Significant differences were found in neuron number among 3 groups ( P

Objective To establish a method for the Determination of Danshensu content in Tongmai Capsules. Methods The content of Danshensu was determined by HPLC on Kromasil C18 Column( 4.6? 250 mm, 5 ? m) . The mobile phase was acetonitri1- 1.2 % water solution of acetic acid (9∶ 91) and the detection wavelength was 280 nm. The theoretical plates should over 3000 according to Danshensu. Results Sodium Danshensu showed a good linearity in the range of 0.288～ 1.152 ? g, r=0.9994. The average recovery was 97.62 % , and RSD was 1.10 % (n=5). Conclusion This method is effective and can be used for the quality control of Danshensu in Tongmai Capsules.

Objective To explore the relationship of the changes of memory behavior and the of changes of the parameter of synapse structure in the brain cortex and hippocampus of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats Methods Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model was established by ligating bilateral common carotid arteries of the old rats (over 12 months) The rats were divided into 3 groups, normal, 2 months ischemia, and 4 months ischemia groups The memory behavior changes were observed with a computerized shuttle training case The ultrastucture of synapse were observed with electron microscopy for the number density, length of activity cord, area of synapses disk, surface density of the synapse, and the results were analyzed with stereology and image analyses The relationship between the behavior and the ultrastructure were studied Results Active avoidance response (AAR) and passive avoidance response (PAR) were decreased in the 2 months ischemia group and the 4 months ischemia group The number density (Nv) of the synapses in the brain cortex and hippocampus were reduced in the 2 months ischemia group and the 4 months ischemia group The length of activity cord (L), the area of synapses disk (S), the area density (Sv) in the hippocampus decreased in the 2 and 4 months ischemia group, and those in the brain cortex did not change in the 2 groups Conclusion The decrease of the number density (Nv) and the length of activity cord (L) of synapses in the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is related to the memory behavior changes

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined therapy of Chinese and West-ern medicine in the treatment of schizophrenia.Methods According to the digital table,130 patients with schizophre-nia were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,with 65 cases in each group.The control group was treated with perphenazine and other Western medicine treatment,the observation group was treated based on the control group with Jieyu Kaiqiao pill added,The clinical curative effect,PANSS score and adverse drug reaction of both groups were compared.Results In the observation group,the total effective rate was 96.92%,significantly high-er than that of the control group (72.31%);After treatment,PANSS score of observation group was (42.68 ±6.11), while it was (55.12 ±6.45)in control group.The PANSS scores of both groups were significantly lower than that before treatment,PANSS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,there was significant difference between groups(t=6.61,P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reaction of the observation group was 10.77%,significantly lower than the control group (58.46%);the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =32.66,P<0.05).Conclusion Jieyu Kaiqiao pill combined with Western medicine for the treatment of schizophre-nia can significantly improve the clinical efficacy,reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Objective To evaluate the causes and prognosis of severe trauma in the elderly.Methods The 168 patients in elderly group (aged 60 to 91 years), 517 in middle-aged group (aged 36to 59 years) and 405 in young group (aged 18 to 35 years) were evaluated using an abbreviated injury scale (AIS2005) and injury severity score (ISS). All patients with ISS ≥ 16 were selected during a seven-year period. The injury severity, injury site number, cause of injury, injury site, emergency operation, diseases before injury, secondary infection after injury, development of multiple organ dysfunction, number of patients with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, length of stay in ICU and prognosis were compared among three groups. Results The main cause of injury was accident (64patients, 38.1%), followed by traffic accident (63 patients, 37.5%) in elderly group. The traffic accident was major cause of injury in middle-aged and young group (246 patients, 47.6%; 153patients, 37.8%, respectively), followed by fall from high places (128 patients, 24.8%; 102 patients, 25.2%, respectively). The main injury sites were head and chest in elderly, middle-aged and young group (155 patients, 92.3%; 411 patients, 79.5%; 321 patients, 79.3%, respectively).There were significant differences among three groups in injury site number, emergency operation,pre-injury diseases, secondary infection after injury, number of patients with ICU stay and length of stay in ICU (F=8. 299, P＜0.01; x2= 14.88, P=0.001; x2=254.6, P＜0.01; x2=10. 54, P=0. 005; x2 = 15.62, P＜0.01; F= 5.760, P= 0.005, respectively ). In spite of injury severity (F=2.950, P= 0.053), there were significant differences between elderly group and middle-aged or young group (t=2.325, P=0.021; t=2.128, P=0.034, respectively). The incidence of multiple organ dysfunction had no significant difference among the three groups (x2 = 1.142, P= 0.565). The cure rate and unhealed automatically discharged patients had significant differences (x2 = 13.77, P= 0. 001;x2 =6.025, P= 0.049, respectively). The mortalities were similar (x2 = 1.397, P= 0.497). The leading cause of death among three groups was a serious head injury. Conclusions For elderly patients, it is important to reduce accidental injuries and traffic accidents, to improve the cure rate,and to reduce the unhealed and mortality rate.

Folic acid-O-carboxymethyl chitosan ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (FA-OCMCS-USPIO-NPs) are a novel molecular targeting MR contrast agent. This paper reperts the pharmacokinetics and magnetic resonance response characteristics of FA-OCMCS-USPIO-NPs in normal rats and mice, and discussed its distributing regularity in animals, providing basis for tumor targeting imaging. O-phenanthroline method was used to determine iron content in rats' plasma and mice's organs following high and low doses of nanoparticles injected through tail vein, and the blood concentration-time curve was drawn, the calculated t1/2 of two groups were greater than 7 h. The results of tissue distribution showed that only a small part of nanoparticles were swallowed by the liver and spleen, while none in the heart, lung and kidney. At the same times, the phagocytosis of nanoparticles did not change with the dose. The results of MRI showed that renal excretion occurred 4 hours after injection, and signal to noise ratio (SNR) of liver and kidney returned to normal levels 24 hours after injection. There were no nanoparticles in the lungs. So a part of nanoparticles escaped from phagocytosis of liver and spleen, and it owned lower toxicity and longer half-life. indicated its use for tumor-targeting imaging. All of these indicated its use for tumor-targeting imaging.

Objective To observe the ultrastructural changes of the infarcted region after transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the infarcted rats. Methods Model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in Wistar rats was established. The isolated and cultured MSCs in vitro were injected into the infarcted region. The ultrastructural changes of the infracted region were observed at 4 w after transplantation by electron microscopy. Results Some immature cells surrounding the neurons were found to survive in the infracted region. Massive free ribosomes were observed in the neural cytoplasm in the infarcted region in the rats receiving MSCs transplantation, but neurons with nuclear pyknosis and neurophagia were observed in the infarcted region of rats in the control group. Conclusion MSCs transplantation might improve neuron repair in cerebral ischemic injury in rats.

Objective To summarize the effect of supra-arch branches bypass combined with endovascular aortic repair for aortic diseases.Methods From January 2012 to August 2015,120 cases of thoracic aortic diseases (aortic dissection 103,aortic aneurysm 16,penetrating aortic ulcer 1) received hybrid operation in Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute.Vascular bypass was established among the brachiocephalic arteries,followed by endovascular repair through femoral artery either one-stage or two-stage.Patients were followed up for 3-24 months.Results Technical success was achieved among all the patients.Five patients died after the operation(one patient had retrograde aortic dissection,2 patients had pericardial tamponade,one patient had apnea,and one patient had respiratory and cardiac arrest.The death rate is 4.1％),4 patients had stroke,among them,symptoms were relieved in three patients,one patient was not cured.Total 92 patients were followed-up and had no symptoms of up-limb ischemia or dizziness.CT scan showed bypass graft and endovascular stent patency.6 patients had endoleak (type Ⅰ b 2 cases,type Ⅱ 3 cases,and type Ⅲ 1 case),distal aortic dissection occurred in one patient,three patients had mild contrast agent leakage around the distal endovascular stent,type A aortic dissection occurred in one patient,there were no late stage death.Conclusion Supraarch branches bypass combined with endovascular aortic repair for treating aortic disease is minimally invasive,safe,and can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Background:Bioinformatics is an effective technology for microarray data mining and gene function prediction. Aims:To analyze the gene CRELD2 that associated with pathogenesis,disease activity and efficacy of biological agents in ulcerative colitis( UC)by bioinformatics to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent studies on its biological function and molecular mechanism in the development and progress of UC. Methods:The microarray data associated with pathogenesis, disease activity and efficacy of biological agents in UC were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus( GEO database);the data mining and analyses were conducted by using bioinformatics tools such as BRB-ArrayTools, ProtParam,ELM,SignalP 4. 1,PBIL-IBCP Lyon Gerland,GO and STRING. Results:Cross-over analyses revealed that expressions of four genes(CDC25B,CRELD2,IL1RN,PITPNC1)were up-regulated in the order from colonic mucosa of healthy subjects,un-inflamed mucosa of active UC patients to inflamed mucosa of active UC patients,meanwhile these four genes were significantly down-regulated in infliximab responders after treatment when compared with that before treatment and infliximab non-responders. The function of CRELD2 gene was unknown. Bioinformatics analyses showed that CRELD2 gene was located on the long arm of chromosome 22(22q13. 33),and encoded a secreted protein composed of 402 amino acids. This protein contained several epidermal growth factor( EGF)-like domains,mainly distributed in Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular site and had calcium- and protein-binding effect. Interactions existed between CRELD2 and CHRNA4,CHRNB2 and RHBDD3 proteins. Conclusions:Gene CRELD2 may have EGF-like biological function and via participating directly or indirectly the regulation of immunocytes to affect the pathogenesis and disease activity of UC. It might be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and assessment of disease activity and therapeutic efficacy of UC. Furthermore,it might be a potential target for treatment of UC.

Two simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) methods were developed and validated for the determination of fenticonazole in human plasma after percutaneous and intravaginal administration. Mifepristone was used as an internal standard (IS), and simple protein precipitation by acetonitrile containing 2%acetic acid was utilized for extracting the analytes from the plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Kinetex XB-C18 column. The quantitation was performed by a mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) positive ion mode using precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 455.2–199.1 for fenticonazole and m/z 430.2–372.3 for mifepristone. The validated linear ranges of fenticonazole were 5–1000 pg/mL and 0.1–20 ng/mL in plasma for the methods A and B, respectively. For the two methods, the accuracy data ranged from 85% to 115%, the intra- and inter-batch precision data were less than 15%, the recovery data were more than 90%, and no matrix interference was observed. The methods A and B were successfully validated and applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of fenticonazole gel in Chinese healthy volunteers after percutaneous and intravaginal administration, respectively.