Objective To establish a method to determine lead in air. Methods The filter film used to collect the lead in air was digested with acid followed by adding mixed solution of potassium ferricyanide,oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid, then double ways atomic flurescence spectrophotometry was employed to determine lead. Results The optimal concentration of hydrochloric acid, potassium ferricyanide and oxalic acid were 0.12 mol/L, 8 g/L and 0.4 g/L respectively. The detection limit of lead was 1 ?g/L, the relative standard deviation was 2.5%. The recovery rates ranged from 90% to 95%, the linar range was 10-80 ?g/L. Conclusion This method was simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive. It was suitable for determining lead in air.

Biliary stent has been utilized in the patients of benign and malignant biliary strictures and biliary fistula who are unsuitable or unwilling to operate.Its short-term curative effect is distinct,while the long-term effect is relatively poor,because the long-term application is affected by stent blocking and biliary ducts restenosis.Therefore,the research and development of new biliary stents,such as biodegradable stent and covered stent,are the main trend of the current development,which will be of profound significance for the biliary tract disease.

Objectives To develop a measurement for obesity assessment which could be used as a simple tool of risk screening. Methods The data of National Nutrition and Health Survey ( 2002 ) were used to analyze the relationship between body mass index ( BMI ), waist circumference (WC) and chronic diseases, based on which chronic disease index ( CRI ) was established. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the cut-off of CRI and to compare the predictive effectiveness of CRI,BMI and WC on chronic diseases. The kappa test was chosen to estimate the consistency of different cut-off of CRI with BMI and WC. The odds ratios of chronic diseases in different cut-offs of CRI were calculated by multiple Logistic regression analysis. Results CRI was calculated as CRI = BMI + 3.5 WC. In ROC curve,the cut-off of CRI was 300. The predictive effectiveness of CRI was higher than that of BMI and WC. CRI at 300 showed the best consistency with 24 kg/m2 BMI and 85 cm WC (P <0. 05 ). In comparison with CRI <300,the risk of chronic diseases was significantly increased with an increase of 20 U CRI. Conclusion CRI shows good predietive effectiveness and could be used to identify those with higher risk of chronic diseases.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) pretreatment combined with CD25 monoclonal antibody inducible therapy for sensitized recipients of cadaver kidney transplantation.Method The clinical data of 45 sensitized recipients who received the pretreatment with DFPP and CD25 monoclonal antibody from November 2011 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Panel reactive antibody (PRA) was examined by using ELISA.Before the DFPP combined with CD25 monoclonal antibody,the PRA was (56.5 ± 19.9) ％ (＞ 20％),and after the pretreatment,the PRA level was decreased to (18.9 ± 19.1)％.HLA mismatch of recipients and donators was (2.1 ± 0.7),and the lymphocytotoxic crossmatch tests before operation were negative.The incidence of patient/kidney survival,transplantation rejection and pulmonary infection were observed.All the patients were followed up for 12 months.Result During the follow-up period,no patient died,and transplanted kidney dysfunction occurred in 2/45 recipients.Twelve months after months,the survival rate was 100％ and transplanted kidney survival rate was 95.6％ (43/45).One (2.2％) of 45 recipients had hyperacute rejection during the operation,and was given plasmapheresis after the resection of the transplanted kidney.Twelve (26.7％) of 45 recipients had acute rejection:11 recipients completely recovered after methylprednisolone and ATG therapy,and 1 recipient given plasmapheresis for kidney dysfunction.Four (8.9％) had the pulmonary infection after operation,and all of them recovered after antiinflammation treatment.Conclusion DFPP pretreatment before kidney transplantation combined with CD25 monoclonal antibody inducible therapy is safe and effective,specially for sensitized recipients.

Objective To study the effect of internal fixation of fibula on treatment of tibia and fibula unstable fractures. Methods 50 cases with middle and lower 1/3 fractures of tibia and fibula were treated with internal fixation of fibula and close reduction and external stabilization of tibia. Fibula was stabilized with plate and screw or intramedullary nail. Results All the 50 cases of the fracture achieved clinic union, reduction was satisfactory, and the average time of clinical union was 5 months. The functions of the joint were normal. No skin necrosis or infection occurred. Conclusion Fixation of fibula is suitable for treatment of close fracture combined with local skin injury or open fractures of tibia and fibula and lower 1/3 comminuted fracture of tibia combined with fibula fracture.

The relationship between the conformation of interferon-α (IFN-α) and its anti-viral activity were analyzed by circular dichroism (CD) and flow cytometry (FCM) techniques. The recombinant human IFN-α (rIFN-α2b and rIFN-α2a) were used. CD spectra from 190 nm to 240 nm indicated that two the IFN-α showed stable secondary structure at 65 degrees C, but unstable when the temperature was above 65 degrees C, and the change was irreversible. FCM data of the anti-viral activity of IFN-α indicated that the change of its secondary structures partly weakened its anti-viral activity. The rIFN-α2b and rIFN-α2a showed the same phenomenon. These data indicated that the conformation of IFN-α is one of the factors to influence its anti-viral activity and the combination of CD and FCM is a good method to analyze the relationship between the conformation of protein drugs and their biological activities in single cell level.
Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; Circular Dichroism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; chemistry ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Recombinant Proteins ; chemistry

Objective:To discuss the effects of Rhodosin,the extractant of medical plants na med Rhodiola Sachinonsis A.Bor,on aging rats and the model rats of Alzheier′s d isease (AD).Methods:Step down and water maze tests were used to determine the content of ace tylcholine (Ach) and the activity of acetylcholine transferase (ChAT) of hippoca mpus,lipid peroxide (LPO) and activity of superoxide dismute (SOD) of the cerebr al cortex,and cerebellar cortex and spinal cord were observed respectively.At th e same time,the general light microscope and eletron microscope were used to obs erve the changes in morphology.Results:The Rhodosin as an antioxidant could enhance the content of Ach and the activity of ChAT,reduce the formation of LPO,and increase activity of SOD.The Rh odosin could facilitate metabolism,enhance activity,and inhibit degeneration of aging rat cells.Conclusion:Rhodosin had obvious anti-aging effects on aing rats and also had p reventive,protective,anti-dementia effects on experimental dementia.

Objective To establish high resolution, reproducible 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenoma tissues and to identify differentially ex-pressed proteins between the invasive and non-invasive tissues. Methods The proteome from invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenomas tissues was dissected and analyzed by: (1) immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, (2) silver staining, (3) imageMaster 2-D software analysis, (4) peptide mass fingerprint based (PMS) on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and (5) database comparison. Results High-resolution 2-D patterns of invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenoma tissues were successfully produced and re-peated 3 times for each sample. An average of 1080±24 and 1035±28 spots were detected for invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenoma tissues, respectively. Additionally, 975±45 and 918±56 spots were found to have an average matching rate of 90.3% and 88.7% for invasive and non-invasive tissues, re-spectively. The spot positional deviation was (1.563±0.259) mm for IEF and (1.088±0.206) mm for SDS-PAGE. A total of 99 spots of differential expression were matched between the invasive and non-in-vasive pituitary adenoma tissues. Thirty differential proteins, some of which were involved in the regula-tion of cells cycle and signal transduction, were initially characterized by PMS. Conclusion The acquisi-tion of well-resolved and reproducible 2-D patterns of invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenoma tissues and the identification of differentially expressed proteins provides a proteome database for invasive pituita-ry adenomas.

Objective To study the expression of secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC)、 CCR7 and its correlation with clinical pathology and lymphangiogenesis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC). Methods The tissue specimens including PAC, the cancerous peripheral tissues, the normal pancreatic tissues and peripheral lymph nodes were obtained from 30 patients with PAC. The expressions of SLC and CCR7 in these tissues were assayed by immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). MIND marked by VEGFR-3 was detected by morphometric analysis, and the relationship between MLND and clinical pathology of PAC was analyzed. Results In all the specimens, the positive rates of SLC protein in PAC, the cancerous peripheral tissues, the normal pancreatic tissues and peripheral lymph nodes were respectively 16. 7%, 43. 3%, 76. 7% and 46. 6%. The positive rates of CCR7 protein in PAC, the cancerous peripheral tissues, the normal pancreatic tissues and peripheral lymph nodes were respectively 76. 7%, 66. 7%, 30. 0% and 70. 0%. The results of RT-PCR and fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR indicated that the expression levels of CCR7 mRNA in PAC tissues, the cancerous peripheral tissues and peripheral lymph nodes were higher than that in the normal pancreatic tissues ( P <0. 01 ). There was no significant correlation between the expression of SLC protein with MLVD of PAC ( P > 0. 05 ). There was 23 specimens that the CCR7 protein was positive, and among these specimens the MIND was higher than that in negative group of CCR7 protein (P = 0.004). Conclusions The expression of SLC was not related to lymphatic metastasis and TNM stages of PAC. The expression of CCR7 was significantly associated with lymphatic metastasis and TNM stages of PAC, and the high expression of CCR7 in PAC tissues was significantly associated with lymphangiogenesis of PAC.

ObjectiveTo study the value of liquid-based cytology and colposcopy in screening for cervical lesion among urban community women of Beijing.MethodsA total of 795 women aged 20～54 years with sexual activity living in Zhanlanlu Community of Beijing were screened for cervical lesion Cervcal specimen was collected for thin-layer,liquid-based cytology test (LCT) from each of the participants in gynecologic examination.Colposcopy and biopsy were performed for the women with positive LCT.ResultsForty-five of 795 (5.7%) women were positive for LCT[≥ASC-US (atypical squamouscell of undetermined significance)],with 33 of ASC-us,eight of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL),three of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL),one of atypical glandular cells (AGC).Five of 45 women with positive LCT refused to accept colposcopy.Among 40 women with colposcopy and biopsy,chronic cervicitis was diagnosed in 11(27.5%),cervical condyloma acurninatum in 14(35.0%),cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 in seven(17.5%),CIN 2 in three (7.5%),CIN 3 in four(10.0%),and early invasive cervical cancer in one(2.5%).In 750 women with negative LCT,cervical condyloma acuminature was diagnosed in two(0.3%),CIN 1 in five(0.7%)and low-grade glandular intraepithelial lesion (LGIL) bin one(0.1%).Sensitivity and specificity of LCT screening for cervical lesion(≥CIN 1)were 71.4%and 94.2%,respectively,with positive and negative predictive values of 37.5%and 99.2%.respectively,and those screening for cervical lesion more than CIN 2 were 100.0%, 96.0%,20.5%and 100.0%,respectively.ConclusionsMore attention should be paid to early screening for cervical lesion in urban community women.LCT combined with colposcopy and biopsy provide very helpful information in screening for early cervical cancer.