In order to use retroviral-mediated gene transfer technology in clinical application, retroviral vector must be of high titer and free of detectable replication-competent retroviruses (RCR). The aim of this study was to optimize methods of defective retroviral vector production. Study was conducted using a LXSN vector inserted with human tumor necrosis factor-? gene and an amphotropic retrovirus packaging cell line-PA317. The results indicated that viral titer was influenced by volume of medium and concentration of fetal calf serum. Inactivation of retroviral vector was greater at 37癈 than at 32癈. In experiment of transfection of PA317 and transduction of 3T3, integration of retroviral vector into genome of packaging cells and target cells, and free of RCR were detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Viral vector with high titer and free of RCR is able to use in clinical trial

Objective:Examine and Compare the professional ethical attitudes and beliefs for counseling and psychotherapy between counselors/psychotherapists and clients who receive professional services in the field.Method:A questionnaire concerning ethical behaviors and attitudes was developed based on American Counseling Association Code of Ethics(2005),and administrated to 48 counselors/psychotherapists as well as 48 clients.The similarity and difference between ethical attitudes and beliefs of two groups were compared.Besides,the possible influences of certain important demographical variables were explored.Results:The two groups' responses differed in 12 out of 29 items,including 4 items derived from section of counseling relationship in ACA code of ethics(e.g.,47.9% clients thought clients could form personal relationship with counselors/psychotherapists,while only 4.2% professionals thought it was ethical,P

Objective To study the color digital fundus photography of the fundus in the physical examination in screening and clinical importance to guide treatment.Methods 50 245 cases (100 490 eyes) healthy subjects with Topcon TRC NW100 digital color fundus camera to take pictures after the screening analysis.Results The number of the Inspector General,50 245 cases,45 373 cases of normal,accounting for 90.3％,a general description of those 359 cases,accounting for 0.7％,the positive findings in 4513 cases,accounting for 9.0％.Positive comparison between men and women of all age groups showed no significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Positive findings of retinal arteriosclerosis in the detection rate of 7.4％,0.1％ of the diabetic retinopathy,macular degeneration,0.1％,0.6％ of retinopathy,optic atrophy 0.1％,the optic nerve C/D greater than 0.7％.Screening of the positive findings of the subjects to give timely and accurate diagnosisandtreatmentrecommendations.Conclusion Digitalcolorfundusphotography objectivity,reproducibility andnon-invasive characteristics of the image data to facilitate thestorage and exchange,andretinalmicrovascular disease couldbetter predictthe effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascularevents,and therefore have important applications in the field ofhealthy value.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application and the therapeutic effect of the Fresnel press-on prism for children ocular torticollis.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 64 patients with ocular torticollis.Methods All the patients with ocular torticollis wore Fresnel press-on prism on glasses for 6-12 months to correct small angle vertical paralytic heterotropia.Main Outcome Measures Changes of abnormal head position and stereoscopic vision when naked and glasses-wearing.Results Fresnel press-on prism could provide an improvement in the correction of symptoms in children ocular torticollis.58 patients(90.6%) had improvement of abnormal head position and three-grade binocular vision.All 55 cases(100.0%)matching examination after wearing prism showed simultaneous perception,52 eases(94.5%)had fusion,and 50 cases(90.9%)had stereoscopic vision.Chi square test showed significant difference from pre-wearing prism(P

Objective To understand the mental health status of healthy young men from 18 districts or counties in Beijing,so as to provide evidence for mental health management.MethodsVolunteers who had participated physical check-ups and got normal results underwent psychological examinations,including computer tests,paper pencil intelligence tests,and structured psychological interviews.Results From 2006 to 2009,a total of 28 386 healthy young men from 18 districts or counties of Beijing completed psychological examinations.The unqualification rate was 2.53%,3.28%,7.56% and 7.52% in year 2006,2007,2008 and 2009,respectively.Conclusion The overall psychological condition of young men living in Beijing may be comparatively better,which might be related to the higher level of psychological education,increased school-entrance rate,better economic condition,higher educational level of parents and improved social and cultural activities.The computer software for psychological test could be stable to some certain extent.

Objective To review physical examination data of farmers and provide suppoa for the establishment of a proper health management model.Methods More than 3700 farmers living at 11 villages of Xihongmen County in Daxing District of Beijing received healthcare education and essential physical examination from 2007 to 2008.The participants were also required to fill in a health questionnaire in 2008.Results In blood pressure and lipid profile measurement,statistical difference in body mass index was found between the farmers and healthy ubran residents (P<0.05).Conclusion Effective health management models should be explored and established in consideration of the characteristics of the farmers.

Objective To explore whether differences in high school student health exist between urban and suburban areas in Beijing.Metheds To make comparative analysis on the related data collected from the physical examinations conducted in the 19 districts in Beijing for senior high school admission and college admission in 2007.Results Differences in student health(including height,weight,eyesight)exist between urban and suburban areas in Beijing.There is significant difference in eyesight(t=2.321,P=0.033)between urban and suburban junior school graduates in Beijing.There are significant difierences in height(t=2.617,P=0.018)and the incidence of overweight(t=4.650,P=0.000)between urban and suburban boys junior school graduates.There is significant difference in height(t=3.792,P=0.001)between girls.Conclusions The health condition of high school students is being affected by the overloaded study tasks and unhealthy lifestyle.which needs to be intervened.

Objective To explore experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to take up the home- based resistance training. Methods Twenty- two patients with COPD who completed the 12 weeks home- based resistance training were interviewed deeply, the phenomenological analysis method was used. Results Though reading, analysis, reflection, separation, theme refining, two themes were drawn: self- perceived benefits; pyhcological, social and healthy status barriers on taking up and persisting in the exercises. Conclusions The study finds that self- perceived benefits, psychological changes and confusion in COPD patients during home- based resistance training.As the medical staff, to seize the COPD patients for the purpose of health to do the health education and strengthen the relevant training, to help the patient perceive benefits on resistance training, to enhance the confidence of participating in the pulmonary rehabilitation, to promote the behavior change. Additionally, we should identify obstacles early and take up the intervention, to stimulate the enthusiasm of home- based resistance training in patients with COPD.

Objective To investigate the association of the polymorphism of the N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2 )gene with isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity and anti-tuberculous treatment efficacy in Chinese Han patients with tuberculosis(TB).Methods A total of 108 TB patients who received initial anti-TB treatment were followed up prospectively.A polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing approach was used to detect genetic polymorphisms of the NAT2 gene.Associations between NAT2 genotype and isoniazid-induced hepatitis/early treatment were analyzed.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the 108 TB patients, intermediate-acetylators (IA ) was the most frequent NAT2 genotype with the proportion of 54.63%(59/108).The proportion of rapid-acetylators(RA)was 33.33%(36/108),slow-acetylators (SA)was 10.19%(11/108)and super-rapid acetylators was 1 .85 % (2/108). Among the 20 patients who developed drug-induced hepatitis,2 were RA,5 were SA and 13 were IA. Regarding NAT2 genotype,RA patients had a lower incidence of hepatotoxicity (OR =0.176,95 %CI :0.038-0.809,P =0.014)and SA patients were more likely to developed drug-induced hepatic injury (OR=4.556,95 %CI :1 .231 -16.854,P =0.044 ).Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency of variant diplotypes,NAT2*4/*6A (OR=7.741 ,95 %CI :2.653-22.586,P <0.01 )and NAT2 *6A/*6A (OR=15 .353,95 %CI :1 .506 -156.552,P =0.020)were significantly increased in TB patients with hepatotoxicity.NAT2 *4/*4 was less likely to developed hepatic injury (OR =0.176,95 %CI :0.038-0.809,P =0.014).Among the 58 culture-positive patients,12(31 .03%)were persistent culture positive after 2 months standard therapy.Early treatment failure was observed with significantly higher incidence rate in RA than other genotypes (OR = 7.200, 95 % CI :1 .794-28.900, P = 0.008). Conclusions In Chinese Han TB patients,IA is the most frequent NAT2 genotype.The SA status of NAT2 is a risk factor of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity.The diplotype of NAT2 *6A has clearly high risk of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity.In contrast,NAT2 * 4/* 4 is protective diplotype.RA is associated with early treatment failure in culture-positive patients.

Objective To analyze the effectiveness of chronic disease management among suburb residents to secure an optimal health management model. Methods Since 2002, physical examinations had been conducted for rural residents aged≥40. Hypertensive patients detected on health check received medical evaluation and risk factor intervention. Results The incidence of high blood pressure decreased from 26.57% in 2002 to 11.99% in 2007-2008. The mortality of cerebrovascular disease declined from 68.00% to 5.26%. The incidence, disability rate, and death rate of hypertension related-stroke were also significantly reduced. Conclusion Primary healthcare center-based chronic disease screening, along with the health management network, can largely decrease the incidence, disability rate, and mortality of stroke associated with high blood pressure.