In order to use retroviral-mediated gene transfer technology in clinical application, retroviral vector must be of high titer and free of detectable replication-competent retroviruses (RCR). The aim of this study was to optimize methods of defective retroviral vector production. Study was conducted using a LXSN vector inserted with human tumor necrosis factor-? gene and an amphotropic retrovirus packaging cell line-PA317. The results indicated that viral titer was influenced by volume of medium and concentration of fetal calf serum. Inactivation of retroviral vector was greater at 37癈 than at 32癈. In experiment of transfection of PA317 and transduction of 3T3, integration of retroviral vector into genome of packaging cells and target cells, and free of RCR were detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Viral vector with high titer and free of RCR is able to use in clinical trial

Objective To study the color digital fundus photography of the fundus in the physical examination in screening and clinical importance to guide treatment.Methods 50 245 cases (100 490 eyes) healthy subjects with Topcon TRC NW100 digital color fundus camera to take pictures after the screening analysis.Results The number of the Inspector General,50 245 cases,45 373 cases of normal,accounting for 90.3％,a general description of those 359 cases,accounting for 0.7％,the positive findings in 4513 cases,accounting for 9.0％.Positive comparison between men and women of all age groups showed no significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Positive findings of retinal arteriosclerosis in the detection rate of 7.4％,0.1％ of the diabetic retinopathy,macular degeneration,0.1％,0.6％ of retinopathy,optic atrophy 0.1％,the optic nerve C/D greater than 0.7％.Screening of the positive findings of the subjects to give timely and accurate diagnosisandtreatmentrecommendations.Conclusion Digitalcolorfundusphotography objectivity,reproducibility andnon-invasive characteristics of the image data to facilitate thestorage and exchange,andretinalmicrovascular disease couldbetter predictthe effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascularevents,and therefore have important applications in the field ofhealthy value.

Objective:Examine and Compare the professional ethical attitudes and beliefs for counseling and psychotherapy between counselors/psychotherapists and clients who receive professional services in the field.Method:A questionnaire concerning ethical behaviors and attitudes was developed based on American Counseling Association Code of Ethics(2005),and administrated to 48 counselors/psychotherapists as well as 48 clients.The similarity and difference between ethical attitudes and beliefs of two groups were compared.Besides,the possible influences of certain important demographical variables were explored.Results:The two groups' responses differed in 12 out of 29 items,including 4 items derived from section of counseling relationship in ACA code of ethics(e.g.,47.9% clients thought clients could form personal relationship with counselors/psychotherapists,while only 4.2% professionals thought it was ethical,P

Objective To understand the mental health status of healthy young men from 18 districts or counties in Beijing,so as to provide evidence for mental health management.MethodsVolunteers who had participated physical check-ups and got normal results underwent psychological examinations,including computer tests,paper pencil intelligence tests,and structured psychological interviews.Results From 2006 to 2009,a total of 28 386 healthy young men from 18 districts or counties of Beijing completed psychological examinations.The unqualification rate was 2.53%,3.28%,7.56% and 7.52% in year 2006,2007,2008 and 2009,respectively.Conclusion The overall psychological condition of young men living in Beijing may be comparatively better,which might be related to the higher level of psychological education,increased school-entrance rate,better economic condition,higher educational level of parents and improved social and cultural activities.The computer software for psychological test could be stable to some certain extent.

Objective To review physical examination data of farmers and provide suppoa for the establishment of a proper health management model.Methods More than 3700 farmers living at 11 villages of Xihongmen County in Daxing District of Beijing received healthcare education and essential physical examination from 2007 to 2008.The participants were also required to fill in a health questionnaire in 2008.Results In blood pressure and lipid profile measurement,statistical difference in body mass index was found between the farmers and healthy ubran residents (P<0.05).Conclusion Effective health management models should be explored and established in consideration of the characteristics of the farmers.

Objective To explore whether differences in high school student health exist between urban and suburban areas in Beijing.Metheds To make comparative analysis on the related data collected from the physical examinations conducted in the 19 districts in Beijing for senior high school admission and college admission in 2007.Results Differences in student health(including height,weight,eyesight)exist between urban and suburban areas in Beijing.There is significant difference in eyesight(t=2.321,P=0.033)between urban and suburban junior school graduates in Beijing.There are significant difierences in height(t=2.617,P=0.018)and the incidence of overweight(t=4.650,P=0.000)between urban and suburban boys junior school graduates.There is significant difference in height(t=3.792,P=0.001)between girls.Conclusions The health condition of high school students is being affected by the overloaded study tasks and unhealthy lifestyle.which needs to be intervened.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application and the therapeutic effect of the Fresnel press-on prism for children ocular torticollis.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 64 patients with ocular torticollis.Methods All the patients with ocular torticollis wore Fresnel press-on prism on glasses for 6-12 months to correct small angle vertical paralytic heterotropia.Main Outcome Measures Changes of abnormal head position and stereoscopic vision when naked and glasses-wearing.Results Fresnel press-on prism could provide an improvement in the correction of symptoms in children ocular torticollis.58 patients(90.6%) had improvement of abnormal head position and three-grade binocular vision.All 55 cases(100.0%)matching examination after wearing prism showed simultaneous perception,52 eases(94.5%)had fusion,and 50 cases(90.9%)had stereoscopic vision.Chi square test showed significant difference from pre-wearing prism(P

Objective To explore experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to take up the home- based resistance training. Methods Twenty- two patients with COPD who completed the 12 weeks home- based resistance training were interviewed deeply, the phenomenological analysis method was used. Results Though reading, analysis, reflection, separation, theme refining, two themes were drawn: self- perceived benefits; pyhcological, social and healthy status barriers on taking up and persisting in the exercises. Conclusions The study finds that self- perceived benefits, psychological changes and confusion in COPD patients during home- based resistance training.As the medical staff, to seize the COPD patients for the purpose of health to do the health education and strengthen the relevant training, to help the patient perceive benefits on resistance training, to enhance the confidence of participating in the pulmonary rehabilitation, to promote the behavior change. Additionally, we should identify obstacles early and take up the intervention, to stimulate the enthusiasm of home- based resistance training in patients with COPD.

Background Malignant osteopetrosis is an extremely rare dense bone disease,and sometimes features ocular disease and cranial nerve palsy.This disease received high attention because of its poor prognosis.And whether the eye manifestation improved after treatment is a problem for concern.Objective This study was to clarify the clinical manifestation,treatment and prognosis of malignant osteopetrosis associated with ocular disease.Methods A retrospective study was adopted.Two children with malignant osteopetrosis associated with eye symptoms were collected from Beijing Children Hospital.The systemic and ocular medical examinations were performed on the patients,including physical examination,hematology laboratory examination,abdominal B ultrasound and bone X ray radiography,external ocular examination,flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) and CT of orbit.Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was employed and 5-year following-up was cinducted on the chidren.Results The children showed increased bone density,systemic bone sclerosis,basilar thickening,abnormalities of hematology indexes,anemia,hepatosplenomegaly,optical canal stenosis and abnormality of F-VEP P2 wave.In addition,optical disc pale,facial paralysis and paralytic esotropia were seen in a female child and alternating strabismus was found in another boy.After successful treatment,the systemic symptoms remitted in both children,but the eye findings remained unchanged in the female child during the follow-up duration.However,the strabismus diminished in the male child.The optical bone canal widening to 1.9 mm 1 year and 3.2 mm 5 years after treatment in the female child.Conclusions Strabismus and eye disease are the signs of malignant infantile osteopetrosis and reflections of the impairment of the central nervous system.The pathogenetic mechanism of malignant osteopetrosisrelated eye disease is below understanding now.Early bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for malignant osteopetrosis can offer the best chance of long-term survival and improve the prognosis of eye diseases.

Objective To evaluate three molecular methods for rapid identification of nontuberculous Mycobacterium(NTM).Methods Forty-one clinical NTM isolates were collected and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used as the standard method for NTM identification.Meanwhile,the restriction fragment length polymorphism of hsp65 PCR-RFLP and hsp65 gene sequencing were used to identify NTM strains and compared with 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Results The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that there were nine Mycobacterium chelonae complex strains,seven Mycobacteriumfortuitum strains,seven Mycobacterium intracellulare strains,three Mycobacterium avium strains,three Mycobacterium kansasii complex strains, three Mycobacterium smegmatis strains, three Mycobacterium terrae strains, two Mycobacterium phlei strains,two Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum strains,one Mycobacterium scrofulaceum strain and one Mycobacterium arupense strain.Compared with 16S rRNA gene sequencing,hsp65 PCR-RFLP could identify nine Mycobacterium chelonae complexes and three Mycobacterium kansasii complexes to subspecies Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium kansasii,respectively; One Mycobacterium fortuitum strain and one Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum strain were different from 16S rRNA gene sequencing results ,but other isolates were the same.The coincidence was 95.1%.By hsp65 gene sequencing,only one identification of Mycobacterium hiberniae strain was different from 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the coincidence was 97.6%.And hsp65 gene sequencing could further identify nine Mycobacterium chelonae complexes and three Mycobacterium kansasii complexes to subspecies Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium kansasii,respectively.Conclusions All three molecular methods can identify NTM strains rapidly.Compared with 16S rRNA gene sequencing,hsp65 gene sequencing and hsp65 PCR-RFLP are easier to identify clinical common NTM strains(such as Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium abscessus),and can be widely used in clinical practice.