To evaluate the effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on phenotypic transformation of alveolar macrophages in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Thirty pathogen-free healthy male C57BL/6 mice,aged 8 weeks,weighing 18-20 g,were divided into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),group ALI and exogenous hydrogen sulfide group (group NaHS).In group Sham,normal saline was intratracheally instilled and intraperitoneally injected.In ALI and NaHS groups,lipopolysaccharide 20 mng/kg was intratracheally instilled,and normal saline and sodium hydrosulfide (28 μmol/kg) 100 μl were intraperitoneally injected,respectively,every day.Mice were sacrificed at day 3 after administration of lipopolysaccharide,and lungs were removed for measuremnent of the lung coefficient and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase (by immunohistochemistry) and for microscopic examination of the pathological changes.Lung injury was evaluated by the index of quantitative assessment (IQA).Results Compared with group Sham,the lung coefficient and IQA were significantly increased,and the expression of iNOS and arginase in lung tissues was up-regulated in group ALI (P＜0.05).Compared with group ALI,the lung coefficient and IQA were significantly decreased,the expression of iNOS in lung tissues was down-regulated (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the expression of arginase in lung tissues in group NaHs (P＞0.05).Conclusion Exogenous hydrogen sulfide mitigates endotoxin-induced ALI through inhibiting phenotypic transformation of alveolar macrophages to M1 subtype in mice.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of microglial polarization at the perihe-matoma area and provide timepoint evidence for interventing microglial polarization as well as studying the polarization mechanism after intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH ) . Methods Healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham group,ICH-4 h,1 d,3 d,7 d and 14 d groups with 6 in each group. The rats in ICH groups were injected collagenase VII-s into the caudate nucleus to establish the in-tracerebral hematoma model and rats in sham operated group were treated with the same amount of saline. The brains were taken at 4 h,1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d in the ICH group,1 d in sham group. Microglia typeⅠ( M1, CD11b++CD86+) and microglia typeⅡ( M2,CD11b++Arg-1+) were examined by immunofluorescence and the number of M1 and M2 around hematoma were analyzed. Results ( 1) The M1 and M2 were both ob-served at 4 h after ICH and a small quantity of branches were still presented on M1. ( 2) M1 took the main position in acute stage (1~3 d),early subacute stage(3~7 d) and chronic stage (>14 d) after ICH.The number of M2 was elevated transiently in superacute (<24 h) and late subacute stage (7 d).The number of M2 (31.40±1.69) was more than M1 (21.43±1.81) at 4 h after ICH ( t=- 4.085, P=0.002),and the number of M2 (116.25±5.06) significantly exceeded M1 (85.75±7.32) again on day 7 ( t=-0.690, P=0.001). Conclusion M1 is in a dominant position in acute,early subacute and chronic stages after ICH;M2 is dominant in superacute and late subacute stages. Investigating the mechanism of M2 formation at acute period ( such as 4 h) or late subacute stage ( such as 7 d) ,and inhibiting M1 formation in the early subacute stage ( 1~3 d) have important significance for clinical treatment of ICH.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of working environment of nurses in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital of stomatology in Beijing so as to provide basis for nursing managers to improve working environment of nursing staff of oral nursing staff.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to select 894 oral nursing staff in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital of stomatology in Beijing in August 2018 as the research objects. The General Questionnaire and the Nurses' Working Environment Evaluation electronic questionnaire were used for the survey, and the nonparametric test method was used to compare the total score and dimension scores of nurses' working environment of different social demographic data.Results:A total of 894 questionnaires were distributed and 564 valid questionnaires were recovered. The score of working environment of nurses in stomatological hospital was [96.72 (90.06, 99.30) ]. The dimension with the highest score was medical care cooperation, and the lowest dimension was hospital management participation. Univariate analysis results showed that the total scores of working environment of nursing staff in different departments were statistically different ( P<0.01) . There were statistically significant differences in the scores of nurses from different departments in the seven dimensions of hospital management participation, clinical nursing professionalism, quality management, medical care cooperation, human resource allocation, social status and salary treatment ( P<0.05) . There were statistically significant differences in scores of hospital management participation among nurses of different ages and educational backgrounds ( P<0.05) . The differences in the scores of the dimensions of leadership and communication and quality management among nurses of different positions were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The working environment of nurses in stomatological hospital is generally good and the medical cooperation is close and harmonious, but the hospital management mode and nurses' salary and benefits distribution system still need to be improved. Nursing managers should improve the nurses' working environment according to the characteristics of different departments and nurse groups.

Objective:To build a sensitive quality index system of dental clinic nursing.Methods:Based on the Donabedian "structure-process-results" three-dimensional quality model, the indicators at all levels of the sensitive quality index system of dental clinic nursing was preliminarily constructed through literature review. The Delphi method was used to develop a system of sensitive quality indicators for dental outpatient care through two rounds of correspondence with 15 experts from the fields of dental care management, oral health care, quality of care management, and health policy.Results:The effective response rates of the two rounds of expert inquiry questionnaires were 100% (15/15), and the average authority coefficient of the experts was 0.93. The Kendall's harmony coefficients of the overall indicators were 0.115 and 0.141, respectively ( P<0.05). A sensitive quality indicator system for dental clinic nursing was finally determined, including 3 primary indicators, 7 secondary indicators and 19 tertiary indicators. Conclusions:The sensitive quality indicator system for dental clinic nursing constructed in this research is scientific and reliable. After verification through future research, it can serve as a basis for improving the quality of dental clinic nursing.

Objective: To explore mental health status of vocational college students and its association with physical exercise and exercise motivation, so as to provide data support for the promotion of physical exercise, exercise motivation theory and the protection of mental health among vocational college students. Methods: From June 2 to July 2, 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 763 college students from three vocational colleges in Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guizhou for the survey. Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Motives for Physical Activities Measure-Revised (MPAM-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Flourishing Scale (FS) were used to assess physical exercise, exercise motivation, depressive symptoms and flourishing levels of vocational college students. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between physical exercise, exercise motivation, depression as the negative indicator of mental health and flourishing as the positive indicator of mental health. Results: There were negative correlations between physical exercise, exercise motivation and their five factors with depression scores among vocational college students ( r=-0.162--0.133, P <0.01). Physical exercise, health motivation and pleasure motivation were positively correlated with flourishing and its eight factors among vocational college students ( r= 0.054 -0.099, P <0.05). Depression scores and flourishing scores varied significantly across students with different levels of physical exercise and exercise motivation ( F=11.18-15.69, 2.80-16.05, P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that physical exercise, health motivation, and total exercise motivation scores were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms ( β = -0.02 , -0.11, -0.35), and physical exercise, health motivation, pleasure motivation, and total exercise motivation scores were positively correlated with flourishing ( β =0.31, 0.32, 0.50, 0.30) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Physical exercise and exercise motivation are significantly associated with mental health of vocational college students. Enhancing physical exercise and increasing exercise motivation in aspects of health and pleasure can promote mental health of vocational college students.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) through EB virus antibody profile by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

METHODSEBNA 1/IgA, EBNA 1/IgG and zta/IgG by ELISA and VCA/IgA by immmunoenzymatic method were detected in 121 NPC patients and 332 healthy subjects (HS) in the Pearl river estuary.

RESULTSThe sensitivity rates were 85%, 83% and 79% for EBNA 1/IgA, EBNA 1/IgG and zta/IgG, all three of which if combined was the highest 92%. The specificity rates were 86%, 86% and 80% for EBNA 1/IgA, EBNA 1/IgG and zta/IgG, all three of which if combined was also the highest 93%. According to the level of odds ratio, nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk could be divided into 3 groups: low, moderate and high-risk groups. 93% of HS had low risk of NPC with the odds ratio 0.0 to 0.3. 0.4% of HS had high risk of NPC with the odds ratio of 137.9%.

CONCLUSIONELISA is more objective than the traditional immunoenzymatic method in the detection and diagnosis of NPC. The combination of EBNA 1/IgA, EBNA 1/IgG and zta/IgG is able to evaluate the risk of NPC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens ; analysis ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; virology ; Risk Factors

Glaucoma stands as the leading cause of irreversible blindness, with primary open-angle glaucoma being the predominant type.Although its pathogenic mechanisms are intricate, lowering intraocular pressure remains the most effective treatment.Mainstream glaucoma surgeries aim to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor outflow.Over the past two decades, microinvasive/minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has emerged as a hotspot in this field, focusing on minimizing incisions.Domestic practices have followed closely, but clinical outcomes have not been ideal.Based on a comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and pathophysiology of the aqueous outflow pathway and the design principles of various MIGS procedures, ophthalmologists should recognize the advantages and limitations of each technique.It is important to rationally choose between internal and external drainage MIGS and standardize their implementation.In the future, the use of non-invasive multimodal imaging techniques for preoperative assessment of the structural and functional aspects of the eye is expected to facilitate personalized selection and planning for precise treatment.