Objective:To understand the psychological characteristics of nephrotic syndrome.Methods:The personality characteristics,intelligence and social adaptive behavior(SAB) of 67 moderate to severe nephrotic syndrome aged 7～14 years were measured by means of EPQ,CBCL,CRT and SAB scales.Results:The EPQ-N score of nephritic syndrome group was higher than that of control group( P 0.05).The nephritic group got a significantly lower social/self direction factor score than the control group.Conclusion:The results showed that nephritic syndrome possessed personality characteristics of neuroticism and obvious behavior problems;and their social adaptive behavior,particularly social/self-direction factor,was significantly lower than that of normal children.