OBJECTIVE: To probe into a construction model of TCM resource science meeting the need of teaching practice and fitting for teaching and education, which focuses on the both characteristics of TCM and nature of resource. METHODS: Guided by "the three basic key points" theory, the content of the construction of TCM resource science are analyzed, such as foundational theories, elementary knowledge and basic skills, etc., considering academic characteristics and position, write of textbook. RESULTS: Based on current demand, theory analysis, content of system and advantages of the construction of TCM resource science, the new idea characterized with teaching being harmonious with education was put forward and fit for "the three basic key points" theory. CONCLUSIONS: The construction model of TCM resource science is an efficient and technical way to meet the demand of teaching.

Objective To explore the characteristics of executive function and the changes of executive function in schizophrenics with and without homicide behaviors during follow-up.Methods Twenty-two schizophrenics with homicide behaviors (homicide group)and twenty-one schizophrenics without homicide behaviors (without-homicide group) were examined by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),and followed up 3 months.All patients'clinical symptoms were evaluated by positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS)at the same time.Re-suits (1)At the baseline,homicide group showed higher score in complete lst category(R1st)than without-homicide group((28.64±32.73)vs(11.71±8.10),P=0.027)and no difference on other index.(2)No difference on WCST in homicide group between at the baseline and at three-month treatment (P>0.05).Without-homicide group at the baseline showed higher score in conceptual level responses than that of at three-menth treatment((46.80±27.04)vs.(65.02±21.32),P=0.048).(3)Homicide group at three-month treatment showed lower scores in positive scale,general psychopathology scale,PANSS total,thought disorder,activation,paranoid,aggressive than that of at the baseline(P<0.05).Without-hemicide group at three-month treatment showed lower scores in positive scale,negative scale,general psychopathology scale,PANSS total,thought disorder,activation,aggressive than that of at the haseline(P<0.01).(4)At the baseline,there was no correlation between WCST and PANSS in homicide group,only R1st score correlated with activation positively in without-homicide group(P<0.05).At three-month treatment, homicide group showed the score of failure to maintain set negatively correlated with negative scale,PANSS total, and aggressive(P<0.05).Conclusions Schizophrenics with homicide and without-homicide behaviors show executive function deficits.Homicide group shows more deficits in abstraction capacity than without-homicide group.

Objective To investigate the auditory sensory gating P50 in schizophrenia patients with homicide during three months of follow up. Methods Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia patients with homicide and 27 healthy adults matched with age and education level were recruited in the present study. P50 was recorded in twenty-seven normal controls and twenty-five schizophrenia patients at the baseline. P50 was repeatedly recorded in eleven patients who completed the follow-up at three months following antipsychotics treatment. The psychotic symptoms of patients were assessed with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at the same time. Results ①In comparison with normal controls, schizophrenia patients with homicide showed increased S2-P50 amplitude (P<0.01), increased S2/S1 ratio (P<0.01), decreased S1-S2(P<0.05), and 100(1-S2/S1) (P<0.01) at the baseline and after three months treatment. The differences in P50 amplitude, latency, and P50 suppression index between the baseline and after three-month treatment in schizophrenia patients with homicide were not significant (P>0.05). ② Schizophrenia patients with homicide after three-month treatment showed decreased PANSS total scale, positive scale, general psychopathology scale, and six symptoms scales such as lack of response, thought disorder, activation, paranoid, depression, and aggression (P<0.05). ③ No significant correlations were found between the S2/S1 ratio, S2-S1, and 100(1-S2/S1) with disease duration, PANSS scores, and six symptoms scales at either baseline or after three-month treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Schizophrenia with homicide has sensory gating deficits and P50 suppression index might be a stable trait maker for schizophrenia with homicide.

Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of Fructus lycii on renal calcium oxalate stone formation in rats. Methods Wistar rats were divided into several groups according to different stone inducer (cigarette smoking, ethylene glycol solution drinking or combination of both), either Fructus lycii infusion interference or not and different interfering concentrations (10% and 25%). Besides, a blank control group was set. After treatment for 40 d, 24 h urine was collected, and renal tissue samples were obtained. The concentrations of calcium, oxalate and citric acid in urine were measured. The deposit condition of calcium oxalate crystals in nephric tubules was observed and scored. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of total-superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in renal tissues were detected. Apoptosis cells in kidney were observed with TUNEL staining, and index of apoptosis was calculated. Results Compared with blank control group, the urine calcium concentration in group of combination of cigarette smoking and ethylene glycol solution drinking were significantly higher (P<0.01), the scores of calcium oxalate crystals in renal tubules, the levels of MDA in renal tissues and the index of apoptosis of renal tubule epithelial cells in groups of ethylene glycol solution drinking and combination with smoking were higher, while the concentrations of citric acid in urine and activity of T-SOD in renal tissues were lower. Ten percent and 25% Fructus lycii infusion significantly decreased the urine concentrations of calcium in group of combination of cigarette smoking and ethylene glycol solution drinking (P<0.01), decreased the scores of calcium oxalate crystals in renal tubules, the levels of MDA in renal tissues and the index of apoptosis of renal tubule epithelial cells in groups of ethylene glycol solution drinking and combination with smoking, and increased the concentrations of citric acid in urine and activity of T-SOD in renal tissues. There was no significant dose-effect relationship between two concentrations of Fructus lycii infusion. Conclusion Fructus lycii infusion can effectively inhibit the formation of renal calcium oxalate stone in rats with smoking and/or ethylene glycol drinking by reducing the free radicals and apoptosis of renal tissue, decreasing the concentration of elements for stone formation and increasing the concentration of elements for inhibition of stone formation in urine.

Objective To explore prognostic factors of renal cell carcinoma and investigate the association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients who received nephrectomy treatment.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of 1325 patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent nephrectomy between January,2008 and December,2012.We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients.The optimal cutoff value for NLR was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.We defined them as high NLR group when NLR ≥ 2.7 and low NLR group when NLR ＜ 2.7.Overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the logrank test.Multivariate models were used to analyze the association of NLR with clinicopathologic outcomes.Results By the end of the study, 1220 cases were followed up.The follow-up rate was 92.1％.Mean follow-up was 40 months (range 2 months to 87 months).The three-year and five-year overall survival rate were 91.3％ and 86.9％, respectively.Meanwhile the three-year and five-year recurrence free survival rate were 88.2％ and 85.8％ ,respectively.2.7 was selected as the optimal cutoff value to differentiate between low NLR and high NLR.A NLR ≥2.7 was significantly associated with worse 5-year overall survival and worse 5-year recurrence free survival than a NLR ＜2.7,91.4％ vs 87.3％ ,89.6％ vs 71.9％ (P ＜0.05).Age ＞65, presentation mode with symptom, higher tumor stage, higher Fuhrman grade,histologic subtype,neutrophil count ≥ 4.5, lymphocyte count ＜ 1.7, NLR ≥ 2.7 significantly correlated with poor OS on univariate analysis.Multivariate analysis revealed that higher tumor stage, preoperative NLR ≥ 2.7 at diagnosis were poor independent prognostic factors for OS of renal cell carcinoma.Conclusion High NLR was independent poor predictor of renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the expression of six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP) in prostate cancer and its relationship with prostate specific antigen (PSA).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 65 consecutive patients verified for prostate canc-er by prostate biopsy or post-operational pathological examination.The clinical stage was classified ac-cording to TNM system and the pathological grade was classified according to Gleason score.STEAP expression in 65 prostate cancer samples (T1 9,T2 14,T3 17,T4 25;high differentiation 37,moder-ate differentiation 12 and low differentiation 16) was studied by using STEAP monoclonal antibody (Santa Cruz Biotech,USA) and SP immunohistochemical staining.Positive staining gray values were introduced to describe the intensity of STEAP expression.STEAP expression level was analyzed with respect to stage,grade,serum total PSA and free/total PSA (f/t PSA) ratio respectively.Results The serum total PSA concentration and f/t PSA ratio in all cases was (27.65±8.34) ng/ml and 0.15～0.04 respectively.STEAP was positively stained in 63 patients (T1 7,T2 14,T3 17,T4 25; high differentiation 37,moderate differentiation 11 and low differentiation 15).The mean STEAP-positive staining gray values in stage T1,T2,T3 and T4 of prostate cancer were 26.8%,45.6%,62.3% and 76.5%,respectively and in high,moderate and low differentiation group were 71.2%,52.8%,and 34.4% respectively.The positive staining gray values of STEAP expression was posi-tively correlated to the clinical stage of cancer and negatively correlated to the Gleason score and the ratio of f/t PSA (P<0.01,respectively).There was no significant relationship between STEAP ex-pression and serum total PSA concentration (P>0.05).Conclusion STEAP expression may act as one of new markers to the invasion degree and pathological grade of prostate cancer.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmo-nary emphysema. Methods: selected 868 patients with pneumoconiosis were selected from December 2015 to December 2016 in Hunan occupational disease prevention and treatment hospital. Collected the results of high-resolution spiral CT, arterial blood gas, ECG, pulmonary function and MRC score. The subjects were divided into pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary emphysema group and simple pneumoconiosis group accord-ing to the results of HRCT. The smoking, MRC score, pulmonary function, blood gas and complications were compared. Results: A total of 868 patients were enrolled in the study. Emphysema 232 people, accounting for 26.73%. The incidence of emphysema in the first phase of pneumoconiosis was 12.69%, and the incidence rate of emphysema in pneumoconiosis was 17.03%, The incidence of three Stage pneumoconiosis was highest, up to 60.76%, the incidence of emphysema increased with the increase of stages of pneumoconiosis (P=0.000) .The smoking index of pneumoconiosis combined with emphysema group was significantly higher than that of simple pneumoconiosis group (P<0.01) . The MRC score of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary em-physema group was higher than that of simple pneumoconiosis group (P=0.000) . In pneumoconiosis complicat-ed with pulmonary emphysema group the FEV_1.0%, FVC%, FEV_1.0/FVC, DLCO%, oxygen partial pressure were significantly lower than that of simple pneumoconiosis group (P≤0.05) . The combined rate of Bullae of lung in pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary emphysema group was higher than that of simple pneumo-coniosis group (P<0.01) . Conclusion pneumoconiosis stage and smoking. Patients with pneumoconiosis com-plicated with pulmonary emphysema had heavier breathing difficulties, more serious pulmonary function and active endurance, the degree of hypoxia is more serious, and had a higher incidence of complications. The pul-monary function of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary emphysema is not consistent with the typical CPFE.

To explore the characteristics of exploratory eye movement (EEM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) in elderly patients with acute bipolar and unipolar depression. Methods Thirty-eight elderly patients with bipolar depression (bipolar group) and thirty-nine patients with unipolar depression (unipolar group) were enrolled. The 24-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-24) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. The levels of peripheral serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (COR) were detected. EEM was recorded to obtain the number of eye fixation (NEF), responsive search score (RSS) and discriminant analysis (D). Results Compared with the unipolar group, the bipolar group had earlier onset, longer duration, and more admissions (P＜0.05). In comparison with the bipolar group, the unipolar group had higher levels of ACTH and COR (P＜0.05), and higher abnormal proportion of COR and ACTH levels. D-values were higher and RSS-values were lower in unipolar group than in bipolar group. There were no significant differences in NEF and HAMD total scores and its subfactors between the two groups (P＞0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the D value of unipolar group was positively correlated with COR level (r=0.482, P=0.002) but not with other indexes (P＞0.05). There were no significant correlations between EEM parameters and serum levels of HPA hormones in bipolar group (P＞0.05). Conclusion There are different clinical features, EEM indicators, the serum levels of ACTH and COR between acute unipolar and bipolar depression, which suggests the heterogeneity between the two diseases.

This paper summarizes the current situation and restricting factors of the Yunnan traditional Chinese medicine industry. With further analysis comparing, the research puts forward some suggestions and strategic countermeasures to promote the development of the Yunnan traditional Chinese medicine industry.
Drug Industry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective: To investigate the change in peripheral nervous conduction velocity in patients with occupational chronic mercury poisoning and related influencing factors. Methods: From February 2011 to December 2014, urinary mercury examination and neural electromyography were performed for 104 patients with occupational chronic mercury poisoning. The data on age, type of work, working years of mercury exposure, and past medical history were collected, and peripheral nervous conduction velocity and its correlation with age, working years of mercury exposure, and urinary mercury concentration were analyzed. Results: All the 104 patients with occupational chronic mercury poisoning had a mean of 45.37±9.82 years, median (P₂₅, P₇₅) working years of 7 (3, 11) , and a median (P₂₅, P₇₅) urinary mercury concentration of 88.50 (56.25, 163.03) μg/g Cr. The major clinical manifestations of peripheral nerve injuries were numbness of extremities (20.2%) , hypopselaphesia/hypalgesia or hyperpselaphesia/hyperalgesia (9.6%) , and bone/muscle pain in the extremities (6.7%) . Neural electromyography showed an increase in denervation potential (fibrillation potential or positive sharp wave) and a detection rate of abnormal peripheral nervous conduction velocity as high as 65.4%. The patients with an older age and more working years had a higher incidence rate of abnormal sensory conduction velocity of the ulnar nerve. There were significant reductions in motor and sensory conduction velocities of the median nerve, motor and sensory conduction velocities of the ulnar nerve, motor conduction velocity of the common peroneal nerve, and the sensory conduction velocity of the superficial peroneal nerve (P<0.05) , with the increase in urinary mercury concentration. Conclusion Patients with occupational mercury poisoning have a high rate of abnormal neural electromyographic findings, which can be used as an important method for early identification of chronic peripheral nerve injuries induced by mercury poisoning. The degree of peripheral nerve injuries increases with the increasing time of mercury exposure and urinary mercury concentration.