Objective To explore the effect of the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/C-sis on fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in rats.Methods 48 h after recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/C-sis being imported into rat liver by using the method of fluid mechanics,FHF in rats was induced by endotoxin (LPS)+D-galactosamine (D-GaIN).With fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting,C-sis expression was tested.The apoptosis of rat liver was detected by using HE staining and measuring Caspase-3 activity.The expression changes of Bcl-2 and Bax were examined through using Western blotting.The mortality rate of rats was calculated during 24 h observation period.Resnlts Compared with the normal control group and FHF+ empty plasmid group,C-sis mRNA and protein expression levels were increased significantly in the FHF+C-sis plasmid group,there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.01).Compared with the normal control group,the apoptotic hepatocytes were increased in the FHF + Ringer's solution injection group and FHF+ empty plasmid group;compared with FHF+ empty plasmid group,the apoptotic hepatocytes in the FHF+C-sis plasmid group were decreased.Compared with the normal control group,Caspase-3 expression level was increased in the FHF+ Ringer's solution injection group (P＜0.01);compared with the FHF+ empty plasmid group,Caspase-3 expression level in the FHF+C-sis plasmid group was decreased (P＜0.05).Compared with the normal control group,Bcl-2 expression level was decreased significantly (P＜0.01),and Bax expression level was increased significantly (P＜0.01) in the FHF+Ringer's solution injection group;compared with the FHF+ empty plasmid group,the Bcl-2 expression level was increased (P＜0.05),and Bax expression was decreased (P＜0.05)in the FHF+C-sis plasmid group.During the 24 h observation period,all rats in the normal control group were alive;the mortality rates of the FHF+ Ringer's solution injection group and FHF+ empty plasmid group were 70.0％ and 80.0％ respectively,while that of the FHF+C-sis plasmid group was only 20.0％.Conclusion C-sis gene could inhibit FHF in rats induced by LPS+D-GalN.

Objective To analyze the motion, elastic and derived parameters of normal common carotid artery (CCA) wall in short-axis orientation with velocity vector imaging (VVI) technique. Methods Two-dimensional dynamic images of CCA in 40 healthy volunteers people were obtained in short-axis view with Siemens Acuson Sequoia 512 color Doppler ultrasound. The motion, elastic and derived parameters were analyzed in right CCA including 6 segments: Anterior wall, posterior wall, anterolateral wall, anterior internal wall, posterolateral wall and posterointernal wall. Relationship between these parameters and the influencing factors were analyzed as well. Results There was no statistical difference of the elastic parameters among 6 walls (P>0.05). Some of the motion parameters of the lateral wall and anterior wall were higher than those of the posterior wall and internal wall (P<0.05). Age and intima-media thickness were negatively correlated with some elastic parameters and some motion parameters (P<0.05). Heart rate were positively correlated with some elastic parameters and some motion parameters (P<0.05). Elastic parameters were positively correlated with motion parameters (P<0.05) and positive correlation was found between time to peak of elastic and motion parameters (P<0.05). Conclusion VVI is an effective technique for observing CCA mechanical characteristics of the movement in normal human, and has potential for studying some of related factors of the characteristics.

BACKGROUND:Supination maneuver is mainly used for reduction of radial head subluxation in children, but recently, pronation maneuver has also achieved good results in the treatment of radial head subluxation. OBJECTIVE:To objectively evaluate the efficacy of pronationversus supination maneuvers for the reduction of radial head subluxation by using Meta-analysis. METHODS:PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controled Trials (CENTRAL), EMbase, the ISI Web of Knowledge databases, VIP, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang were searched from database establishment to December 2014 for colecting the randomized controled trials (RCTs) about pronationversus supination maneuvers for the reduction of radial head subluxation, and the references of those RCTs were also searched by hand. After study selection, assessment and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. Meta-analyses were performed by using the RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Five studies involving 436 patients were included. The results of Meta-analyses showed that: compared with the supination maneuvers group the pronation maneuvers group had a higher rate of successful reduction at the first attempt [RR=1.17, 95%CI (1.08, 1.28),P=0.000 3] and lower rate of failed reduction [RR=0.25, 95%CI(0.09, 0.65),P=0.005]. There was no significant difference in the rate of successful reduction at the second attempt [RR=1.39, 95%CI (0.75, 2.58),P=0.30]. Based on the results of systemic assessment, the level of evidence assessed by the GRADE system showed that the outcome indicators of the rate of successful reduction at the first attempt and rate of failed reduction were graded as intermediate level; the outcome indicator of the rate of successful reduction at the second attempt was graded as low level. For the poor quality of the original studies, a prudent choice is suggested; and more highly-quality, large-sample studies are needed.

Objective To explore the effects of notoginsenoside-Rg_1 on brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) protein in cerebrum cortex of MCAO/R injury,as well as to investigate whether notoginsenoside-Rg_1 can up-regulate the protein content of BDNF of the positive neurons or the amount of the po-sitive neurons.Methods Adult male SD rats(60) were randomly divided into model group,notoginsenoside-Rg_1 high,middle,and low dose(200,100,50 mg/kg) groups,and the positive control(Nimodipine,1 mg/kg) group.All drugs were given once a day by ip till the mouse was killed.The focal cerebral(ischemia-)reperfusion model was made with thread-occluded method.Their frozen brain tissue were sliced(into) section of 12 ?m thickness.The four rats were randomly taken from each groups to be treated as specimens after surgical handle in 1,3,and 7 d.The slices were according to the immunohistochemical ABC techniques.The protein content of BDNF of the positive neurons and the amount of the positive neurons in cerebrum cortex of rat were observed and counted by HPIAS—1000 analytic system,and the nervous deficit symptoms after the cerebral ischemia were observed.Results Comparing with the model group,all notoginsenoside-Rg_1 treated groups obviously improved some nervous deficit symptoms of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats,and increased the protein content of BDNF and the amount of the positive neurons in the cerebrum cortex of model rats(P

Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Norovirus ; Schools

Objective To assess the anti-arrhythmic activity and cardioprotective effects of Wenxin Granula, a traditional Chinese formula (consisting of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Polygonati Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Succinum), on heart in ischemic-induced myocardial infarction (MI) rats and compare with those of Amiodarone which have been demonstrated in clinic. Methods Rats were randomly divided into Sham-operated (control), Ml + Amiodarone [5 mg/(kg·d)] (MI), and MI + Wenxin Granula [10 mg/(kg·d)] groups and left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded in each group. After left anterior descending for 12 h, standard lead Ⅱ of administration electrocardiogram was recorded in order to analyze the occurrence of arrhythmia. After one month, the size of the infarct area of heart was evaluated by TTC staining method and haemodynamic function was assessed to detect the heart function. Laser scanning confocal microscope and the technique of patch clamp were used to detect the intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]j) and L-type calcium current (ICa-L), respectively. Results Both Wenxin Granula [10 mg/(kg·d)] and Amiodarone [5 mg/(kg·d)] could markedly decrease the incidence of arrhythmia in heart of rats which were subjected to ischemic injury. After one month, Wenxin Granula could significantly decrease mortality to 22.22% and reduce the infarct area (P < 0.05), but Amiodarone did not. The mechanism may involve that Wenxin Granula attenuated [Ca2+]j decreasing in MI rats. Additionally, Wenxin Granula could obviously ameliorate the impaired heart function of MI rats by decreasing the elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and increasing the attenuated maximum change velocity of left ventricular pressure in the isovolumic contraction or relaxation period. On the other hand, electrophysiological experiment results revealed that Wenxin Granula administration one month later also increased the reduced ICa-L density in rat ventricular myocytes in MI rats. The results of LSCM showed that Wenxin Granula could recover the amplitude of [Ca2+]j decreased by heart failure during long term. Conclusion Wenxin Granula could not only inhibit the incidence of arrhythmia but also decrease the mortality, which was accompanied by recovering the amplitude of [Ca2+]j. This protective effect of Wenxin Granula may partially be mediated through changing ICa-L.as well as increasing [Ca2+]j.

Objective To understand the molecular epidemiology of norovirus from 5 outbreaks of gastroenteritis during Dec.2012 to Jan.2013 in Guangzhou.Methods Epidemiologic data and specimens were collected from 5 gastroenteritis outbreaks in Guangzhou.274 specimens were detected for norovirus by RT-PCR methods and PCR products were sequenced.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed by using Clustal X 1.83 and MEGA 5.05 programs.Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0 program.Results The total positive rate of norovirus was 20.07％ (55/274).The positive rate was 8.70％ (2/23) in University A,36.36％ (8/22) in Kindergarten B,36.07％ (22/61) in University C,100％ (5/5) in community health service center D,11.04％ (18/163) in University E.The positive rate was 100％ (6/6) among age group ≥ 60 years old,47.37％ (9/19) among 10-19 age group and 36.36％ (8/22) among age group ＜ 10 years old.Phylogenetic analysis showed that 33 samples were infected by the new variant-Sydney 2012 of norovirus GⅡ.4.Conclusion Norovirus was one of the main pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis outbreaks and GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 variant was identified as the predominant strain in Guangzhou.

Objective:To analyze the application of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Screening Questionnaire and pulmonary function test in dust-exposed migrant workers.Methods:In May 2019, 149 cases of dust exposed migrant workers were selected as the research subjects through the free clinic in the countryside. COPD Screening Questionnaire and lung function test were carried out to analyze the high-risk groups and the influencing factors of positive pulmonary function test results.Results:Among 149 cases of dust-exposed migrant workers, 107 (71.8%) were positive for questionnaire screening, 73 (49.0%) were positive for pulmonary function test, 75 (50.3%) were diagnosed with coal worker's pneumoconiosis, and 101 (67.8%) were diagnosed with lung function injury. The positive rate of pulmonary function of migrant workers with positive questionnaire screening results was significantly higher than that of those with negative results ( P<0.05) . The results of multivariate analysis showed that compared with non-pneumoconiosis, the risk of positive pulmonary function test results was higher in dust-exposed migrant workers with stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis ( OR=16.462, 95% CI: 3.390-79.946; P<0.01) . Compared with non-smoking, the risks of positive pulmonary function test results of dust-exposed migrant workers with smoking index of 11-20 package years and >20 package years were higher ( OR=19.814, 95% CI: 3.854-101.883; OR=9.733, 95% CI: 2.310-41.008; P<0.01) . Conclusion:The risk of COPD in dust-exposed migrant workers is high, so we should strengthen the early examination of the high pneumoconiosis stage and smoking population. The screening questionnaire can better screen out the high-risk groups of COPD, and it can be used as a basic screening tool.

Objective:To analyze the application of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Screening Questionnaire and pulmonary function test in dust-exposed migrant workers.Methods:In May 2019, 149 cases of dust exposed migrant workers were selected as the research subjects through the free clinic in the countryside. COPD Screening Questionnaire and lung function test were carried out to analyze the high-risk groups and the influencing factors of positive pulmonary function test results.Results:Among 149 cases of dust-exposed migrant workers, 107 (71.8%) were positive for questionnaire screening, 73 (49.0%) were positive for pulmonary function test, 75 (50.3%) were diagnosed with coal worker's pneumoconiosis, and 101 (67.8%) were diagnosed with lung function injury. The positive rate of pulmonary function of migrant workers with positive questionnaire screening results was significantly higher than that of those with negative results ( P<0.05) . The results of multivariate analysis showed that compared with non-pneumoconiosis, the risk of positive pulmonary function test results was higher in dust-exposed migrant workers with stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis ( OR=16.462, 95% CI: 3.390-79.946; P<0.01) . Compared with non-smoking, the risks of positive pulmonary function test results of dust-exposed migrant workers with smoking index of 11-20 package years and >20 package years were higher ( OR=19.814, 95% CI: 3.854-101.883; OR=9.733, 95% CI: 2.310-41.008; P<0.01) . Conclusion:The risk of COPD in dust-exposed migrant workers is high, so we should strengthen the early examination of the high pneumoconiosis stage and smoking population. The screening questionnaire can better screen out the high-risk groups of COPD, and it can be used as a basic screening tool.

Objective: To explore the role of tentorium cerebelli hiatusincision in treating severe and most severe brain injuries complicated by tentorial herniation.Methods: From July 1994 to July 1999 tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision was done based on intracranial hematoma evacuation and bone flap craniectomy decompression in 70 cases of severe and most severe brain injuries complicated by tentorial herniation.Results: Of the 70 cases, GCS 3-5 was in 23 and GCS 6-8 in 47; satisfactory recovery in 39 cases (55.7%), moderate disability in 12 (17.1%), severe deficit in 6 (8.6%), vegetative survival in 4 (5.7%) and 8 (11.4%) died.Conclusions: Tentoriun cerebelli incision is helpful in alleviating secondary brain stem injury from tentorial herniation and in reducing the disability and death rate of the patients.