Aim To construct the cell model targeted on the damage by α-synuclein for screening anti-Parkinson’s Disease (PD)compounds.Methods The cDNA fragment of α-synucle-in gene was obtained by PCR methods and inserted into the re-combinant prokaryotic plasmid by molecular cloning technique. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli, and subsequently induced to express α-synuclein protein.The recombinant α-synuclein was purified and identified by affinity chromatography,immunoblotting and mass spectrometry.The cells damage by α-synuclein was evaluated through cell viability measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl )-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide.Results The obtained cDNA fragment ofα-synuclein in accordance with its theoretic molecular weight was cloned into pET30a plasmid and verified by sequencing.The re-combinant plasmid was transformed into bacteria E.Coli.BL21 (DE3)and induced to express α-synuclein by isopropyl β-D-1 -thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG).The expression condition was op-timized according to the culture temperature,the concentration of IPTG and the proliferation state of bacteria.The purified α-synu-clein was proved to be a 1 5.3 ku molecule weight protein,and could be immunoblotted with anti-α-synuclein antibody.The pu-rified α-synuclein could decrease the viability of PC1 2 cells and primary neurons significantly,and its effect was in a concentra-tion-dependent manner.Conclusion We have succeeded in constructing the cell model targeted on the damage by α-synucle-in.

Patients' safety is a hot topic of hospital management all over the word. Strengthening the patients' safety education for medical students and nursing students is an effective measure to protect patients' safety. In nursing school of Chongqing Medical University,patients' safety education was con-ducted through the course of undergraduate education. Contents of patients' safety education were com-bined with the professional courses,which are taught step by step in the professional course learning phase for different grades. Patients' safety education took a lot of teaching forms to cultivate the students' patient safety consciousness and preliminary results were achieved.

Objective To explore the effects of home care on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis patients. Methods The 24 cases of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ( PAP) patients were divided into observation group and the control group on average. The patients of observation group received after discharge home care including health education, outpatient visits, telephone follow-up and on-site visits while the patients of control group had no this kind of interventions. Dyspnea index, six-minute walk test, pulmonary function tests and body mass index were compared between two groups after discharge. Results The dyspnea evaluation scores were (1. 31 ± 1. 07), (1. 29 ± 0. 62) and (1. 21 ± 0. 83) at 4, 8,12 weeks after discharged in the observation group and all were better than that of the control group (t=6. 438, 6. 897, 8. 572;P<0. 01). Six-minute walk test scores of observation group outbalanced scores in the control group at 4, 8,12 weeks after discharged (t=3. 214, 4. 316, 5. 673;P<0. 05). At 12 weeks after discharged,lung function of observation group were better than that of the control group(P<0. 05). The BMI differences between the two groups were not statistically significant(P>0. 05). Conclusions The implementation of home care can improve the PAP patients′ six-minute walk test distance and lung function, and reduce the patients with dyspnea index.

Objective To explore the influence of genetic and environmental factors on emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents using twins quantitative method. Methods One hundred fifty-six twins pairs, aged from 6 to 18, were included in the present study. The parental version of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ)was used to evaluate their emotional and behavioral problems. The DNA test of twin zygosity was conducted using DNA extracted from buccal mucosa or venous blood samples. The influence of genetic and environmental factors on emo-tional and behavioral problems was analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM). Results Shared environment and special environment had impact on emotional symptoms and their contribution to the total variance of emotional symp- tom was 0.42 and 0.58, respectively. Prosocial behavior was mainly affected by shared environment and the contribution of shared environment to the total variance of prosocial behavior was 0.89. Genetic factors had greater influence on hyperac-tivity/attention deficit and the contribution of genetic factors to the total variance was 0.62. Shared environment had more influence on conduct disorder and the contribution of shared environment to total variance was 0.56. Heredity, shared envi-ronment and special environment had impact on peer problems and their contribution to the total variance was 0.24, 0.33 and 0.43, respectively. Conclusion In child and adolescent period, emotional symptoms are only affected by environ-ment, while behavior problems are affected by the combination of heredity and environment. Different behavior problems are affected by different genetic and environmental factors.

Objective: To evaluate diet quality and related problems among children and adolescents in Yunnan Province, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of targeted dietary interventions for children and adolescents in this region. Methods: Using a stratified random sampling method, 1 078 primary and secondary school students from six prefecture level cities in Yunnan Province were selected from August to November 2022. Dietary quality was evaluated by applying the China Children s Dietary Index (CCDI-2016) on the basis of a 3 d 24 h dietary survey. Results: The total dietary index score of children and adolescents in Yunnan Province was 62.63(54.57,71.19). The overall recommended intakes were largely achieved by consumption of cereals, eggs and sugary drinks, with dietary index scores of 9.91(8.24,10.00), 5.58(0,8.58) and 9.20(7.38,10.00), respectively; there were inadequate intakes of vegetables, legumes, water, vitamin A and dietary fiber, with scores of 5.63(4.09,7.59), 3.48 (0,9.70), 4.23(2.67,5.50), 2.33(1.56,3.53), 3.19(1.63,5.67), respectively; intake of fruits, dairy and aquatic products were severely deficient, with scores of 0(0,1.74), 0(0,2.37), 0(0,9.85), respectively; excessive intake of meat was found, with a dietary index score of 0(0,2.46). The stratified analysis showed that children and adolescents aged 11-13 years had the highest total dietary scores[65.35(54.29,72.03)], followed by those aged 7-10 years[63.46(56.19,72.63)], while the 14-17 year old age group had the lowest scores[59.07(51.15,68.30), H=32.23, P <0.01]. Girls had higher total dietary scores than that of boys[64.20(56.12,72.56), 59.32(52.60,69.72), Z=-5.16, P <0.01], while urban children and adolescents had higher total dietary scores than rural children and adolescents[65.30(54.84,73.62), 62.17(54.31,70.70), Z=-2.11, P <0.05]. Furthermore, higher total dietary index scores were observed among children and adolescents whose parents had a higher educational level( H=27.68, 22.58, P <0.01). The comparison of ethnic groups revealed that the Wa children and adolescents had the highest total dietary index scores, while the Hani children had the lowest( H=27.51, P <0.01). Conclusion The overall dietary quality of children and adolescents in Yunnan Province is not high, the imbalance of dietary nutrition is prominent, and the dietary structure needs to be adjusted and optimized. Intervention programs should focus on the problem of insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables, milk and legumes, aquatic products and excessive intake of poultry meat among children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for quality control of Gentiana rhodantha. METHODS Taking 52 batches of G. rhodantha as subject， ultra-high performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） fingerprint was adopted. The similarity of 52 batches of medicinal materials samples was evaluated by the Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2004A edition）； the content of mangiferin was determined； chemometric analyses [cluster analysis， principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）] were performed. RESULTS UPLC fingerprints of 52 batches of G. rhodantha were established， 17 common peaks were identified， and 6 of them were identified， which were loganic acid （peak 1）， neomangiferin （peak 3）， swertiamarin （peak 5）， dangyin （peak 6）， mangiferin （peak 7） and isoorientin （peak 9）. The similarities of 52 batches of medicinal materials samples were all greater than 0.9； cluster analysis showed that S1-S46， S48-S52 clustered into one class， and S47 alone； PCA results showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first six principal components was 82.928%； OPLS-DA results showed that the corresponding components of swertiamarin， mangiferin and chemical composition represented by peak 4， 14， 15， 16 were the main iconic components affecting the quality differences of G. rhodantha medicinal materials. The contents of mangiferin in 52 batches of medicinal material samples ranged from 18.2 to 101.0 mg/g， mostly in accordance with 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. CONCLUSIONS The established UPLC fingerprint and chemometric analysis methods combined with content determination method of mangiferin can comprehensively evaluate the quality of G. rhodantha.