Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Euonymus alatus for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods TCMSP,PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction databases were used to obtain the active ingredients in Euonymus alatus and their targets.GEO database and R language were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes in DKD.The therapeutic targets of DKD were obtained using GeneCards,DisGeNet,OMIM and TTD databases.The protein-protein interaction network and the"drug-component-target-disease"network were constructed for analyzing the topological properties of the core targets,which were functionally annotated using GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses.Molecular docking was performed for the core targets and the main pharmacologically active components,and the results were verified in db/db mice.Results Analysis of GSE96804,GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets(including 60 DKD patients and 45 normal samples)identified 111 differentially expressed genes in DKD.Network pharmacology analysis obtained 161 intersecting genes between the target genes of Euonymus alatus and DKD,including the key core target genes SRC,EGFR,and AKT1.The core active ingredients of Euonymus alatus were quercetin,kaempferol,diosmetin,and naringenin,which were associated with responses to xenobiotic stimulionus and protein phosphorylation and regulated EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathways.Molecular docking suggested good binding activities of the core active components of Euonymus alatus with the core targets.In db/db mouse models of DKD,treatment with Euonymus alatus obviously ameliorated kidney pathologies,significantly inhibited renal expressions of SRC,EGFR and AKT1,and delayed the progression of DKD.Conclusion Euonymus alatus contains multiple active ingredients such as quercetin,kakaferol,diosmetin,naringenin,which regulate the expressions of SRC,EGFR,and AKT1 to affect the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway to delay the progression of DKD.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of perioperative human serum albumin(HSA)in cardiac surgery in multiple regions in China,and to evaluate the rationality of its clinical application in conjunction with the clinical guidelines,in order to provide a reference for promoting the rational application of HSA.Methods The medical records of patients who underwent cardiac surgery from April to June 2019 in eight hospitals across the country were retrospectively collected.The statistical information on patients'general information,the dosage,course of treatment,and cost of HSA,and the serum albumin level before and after medication was analyzed to evaluate the use of HSA.Relevant evaluation criteria were established,and the rationality of its medication was evaluated.Results Data from a total of 449 patients were included for analysis,the appropriate rate of medication was 81.1％.The course of medication was mostly＞2-5 days and the total amount of HSA was mostly 50-99 g.The main purpose of medicaiton were improving colloid osmotic pressure,reducing exudation to improve interstitial edema,postoperative volume expansion.Conclusion Clinical attention should be paid to ensure the rational application of HSA in cardiac surgery during the perioperative period and prevent the abuse of blood products.

Influenza viruses can infect humans, lead to epidemics within populations, and even cause global pandemics. During the non-pandemic period, there is a continuous threat as avian or swine influenza viruses cross the species barrier to infect humans, resulting in zoonotic influenza infections. For the purpose of pandemic preparation and control, it is crucial to strengthen surveillance, scientific research, and risk assessment of these zoonotic influenza viruses. Here, we focus on the latest zoonotic influenza viruses that have recently garnered significant attention, providing an overview of their latest epidemiological trends and research progress, thereby facilitating scientific risk assessment.

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Euonymus alatus for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods TCMSP,PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction databases were used to obtain the active ingredients in Euonymus alatus and their targets.GEO database and R language were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes in DKD.The therapeutic targets of DKD were obtained using GeneCards,DisGeNet,OMIM and TTD databases.The protein-protein interaction network and the"drug-component-target-disease"network were constructed for analyzing the topological properties of the core targets,which were functionally annotated using GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses.Molecular docking was performed for the core targets and the main pharmacologically active components,and the results were verified in db/db mice.Results Analysis of GSE96804,GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets(including 60 DKD patients and 45 normal samples)identified 111 differentially expressed genes in DKD.Network pharmacology analysis obtained 161 intersecting genes between the target genes of Euonymus alatus and DKD,including the key core target genes SRC,EGFR,and AKT1.The core active ingredients of Euonymus alatus were quercetin,kaempferol,diosmetin,and naringenin,which were associated with responses to xenobiotic stimulionus and protein phosphorylation and regulated EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathways.Molecular docking suggested good binding activities of the core active components of Euonymus alatus with the core targets.In db/db mouse models of DKD,treatment with Euonymus alatus obviously ameliorated kidney pathologies,significantly inhibited renal expressions of SRC,EGFR and AKT1,and delayed the progression of DKD.Conclusion Euonymus alatus contains multiple active ingredients such as quercetin,kakaferol,diosmetin,naringenin,which regulate the expressions of SRC,EGFR,and AKT1 to affect the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway to delay the progression of DKD.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of plasma heparin-binding protein (HBP) combined with albumin (Alb) for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. METHODS: The clinical data of patients with sepsis admitted to the emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of the People's Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District from March 2020 to March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The study began at the time of the first diagnosis of sepsis upon EICU admission and ended upon patient death or at 28 days. The gender, age, length of stay in EICU, underlying diseases, and infection sites were recorded. Within 24 hours of sepsis diagnosis, blood culture results, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), blood lactate acid (Lac), HBP, Alb, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), mortality in emergency department sepsis score (MEDS), modified early warning score (MEWS), number of organ failures, use of vasopressors, application of mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and 28-day prognosis were recorded, the differences in these indicators between two groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors of 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the early predictive value of various risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. RESULTS: A total of 300 patients with sepsis were included, with 16 excluded, resulting in 284 patients being analyzed. Among them, 191 survived and 93 died within 28 days. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, underlying diseases, infection sites, blood culture positivity rate, number of organ failures, and length of stay in EICU. Univariate analysis showed that the rate of vasopressor use, the rate of mechanical ventilation, HBP, PCT, CRP, Lac, SOFA score, APACHE II score, MEDS score, and MEWS score were significantly higher in the death group than those in the survival group, while Alb was significantly lower in the death group than that in the survival group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HBP and Alb were independent risk factors for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were 1.093 (0.989-1.128) and 1.174 (1.095-1.259), both P < 0.05]. ROC curve analysis showed that both HBP and Alb had certain predictive value for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis [AUC and 95%CI were 0.820 (0.717-0.923) and 0.786 (0.682-0.890), both P < 0.05]. When the critical value of HBP was 117.50 μg/L, the sensitivity was 85.90%, and the specificity was 70.50%. When the critical value of Alb was 28.30 g/L, the sensitivity was 69.30%, and the specificity was 81.20%. When the two indexes were combined for diagnosis, the AUC was 0.881 (95%CI was 0.817-0.945, P < 0.001), the sensitivity was 92.70%, and the specificity was 76.80%. CONCLUSIONS HBP and Alb are independent risk factors for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. The combined prediction efficiency of HBP and Alb for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis is superior to a single indicator.
Humans ; Sepsis/diagnosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Intensive Care Units ; Blood Proteins/analysis* ; Prognosis ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/blood* ; APACHE ; Male ; Female ; Organ Dysfunction Scores ; ROC Curve ; Middle Aged ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Aged ; Hospital Mortality ; Serum Albumin/analysis*

Objective: To investigate the effects of lactoprotein iron chelates on rats with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), so as to provide insights into developing and utilizing novel iron supplements. Methods: Seventy weaning female SPF-graded rats of the SD strain were randomly divided into the control group (A), model group (B), ferrous sulfate group (C), lactoferrin group (D), lactoferrin iron chelate group (E), Casein oligopeptide iron chelate group (F) and whey protein oligopeptide iron chelate group (G), with 10 rats in each group. The rats in group A were fed with normal diet, and the others were fed with poor iron diet for IDA modeling. The corresponding interventions were given by intragastric administration once a day. The iron ion concentrations of group C, E, F and G were 2.0 mg/kg, and the protein and oligopeptide concentrations of group D, E, F and G were 2 000 mg/kg. Body weight and hemoglobin of rats were measured weekly during 21-day intervention. At the end, peripheral blood samples were collected, and blood routine, iron metabolism and liver function indicators were determined. Results: After the intervention, among blood routine indicators, the rats in group C, E, F and G showed elevated hemoglobin, red blood cell, mean corpuscular volume and hematocrit, and decreased free protoporphyrin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration when compared with the rats in group B (all P<0.05); among iron metabolism indicators, the rats in group C, E and G showed elevated serum ferritin, the rats in group C, E, F and G showed elevated serum iron, the rats in group C, D, E, F and G showed decreased unsaturated iron binding capacity and total iron binding capacity when compared with the rats in group B (all P<0.05); among liver function indicators, the rats in group E and G showed decreased alanine transaminase when compared with the rats in group B (both P<0.05). Conclusions Lactoprotein alone could not completely improve IDA in rats compared with traditional iron supplement (ferrous sulfate). Lactoprotein iron chelate, especially whey protein oligopeptide iron chelate, could significantly improve IDA, iron reserve and liver function damage in rats.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese version of Lymphedema function, disability and health questionnaire for lower limb lymphedema (Lymph-ICF-LL).Methods:The original English version was translated into mandarin and modified to accommodate Chinese customs. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 61 patients with lower extremity lymphedema who were treated in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of Xi’an Central Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were recruited in this study. The questionnaires filled by the included patients were classified as sample 1 to sample 4 by the screening process. The valid simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL was collected as sample 1 ( n=55), including 1 male and 54 females, aged (51.0±9.4) years (24-70 years). Among the 55 patients, 28 patients underwent lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA). The simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL completed before and follow-up of 6 months after surgery were selected as sample 2 and sample 3( n=28), respectively. The simplified Chinese version of lymphoedema quality of life questionnaire (LYMQOL) filled out by the patients in sample 1 was used as sample 4 ( n=55). The reliability was analyzed by internal consistency test reliability and split-half reliability, Cronbach’s α coefficient ≥0.80 indicated good internal consistency reliability and the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient ≥0.70 indicated good split-half reliability. The content validity of the Lymph-ICF-LL was determined by three plastic surgery experts who judged the consistency of the questionnaire with the original English content. Exploratory factor analysis and criterion validity were used to analyze construct validity. For criterion validity assessment, Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the Lymph-ICF-LL scores in sample 1 and the LYMQOL scores in sample 4. The scores of Lymph-ICF-LL before and half a year after lymphadenectomy were compared by paired t-test. Results:(1) Cronbach’s alpha was 0.937, indicating good internal consistency. The Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient of the total scale was 0.700, indicating good split-half reliability. (2) The content validity of the simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL was good. Five factors (physical function, mental function, general tasks/household, mobility and life/social life) were identified by factor analysis. The total score of the simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL was positively correlated with the score of the simplified Chinese version of LYMQOL ( r=0.73, P<0.001), and the criterion correlation validity was good. (3) The scores of Lymph-ICF-LL for half a year after LVA was significantly lower than its preoperative counterparts (40.70±15.13 vs. 54.40±15.70, t=5.96, P<0.001). The quality of life of patients after LVA was significantly improved. Conclusion:The simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL shows good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the quality of daily life regarding patients with lower limb lymphedema.

Objective:To evaluate the safety of double and a half layered esophagojejunal anastomosis in radical gastrectomy.Methods:This prospective, multi-center, single-arm study was initiated by the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University in June 2021 (CRAFT Study, NCT05282563). Participating institutions included Nanyang Central Hospital, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Luoyang Central Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Luohe Central Hospital, the People's Hospital of Hebi, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Anyang Tumor Hospital, First People's Hospital of Pingdingshan, and Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) gastric adenocarcinoma confirmed by preoperative gastroscopy;(2) preoperative imaging assessment indicated that R0 resection was feasible; (3) preoperative assessment showed no contraindications to surgery;(4) esophagojejunostomy planned during the procedure; (5) patients volunteered to participate in this study and gave their written informed consent; (6) ECOG score 0–1; and (7) ASA score I–III. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) history of upper abdominal surgery (except laparoscopic cholecystectomy);(2) history of gastric surgery (except endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection); (3) pregnancy or lactation;(4) emergency surgery for gastric cancer-related complications (perforation, hemorrhage, obstruction); (5) other malignant tumors within 5 years or coexisting malignant tumors;(6) arterial embolism within 6 months, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular accident; and (7) comorbidities or mental health abnormalities that could affect patients' participation in the study. Patients were eliminated from the study if: (1) radical gastrectomy could not be completed; (2) end-to-side esophagojejunal anastomosis was not performed during the procedure; or (3) esophagojejunal anastomosis reinforcement was not possible. Double and a half layered esophagojejunal anastomosis was performed as follows: (1) Open surgery: the full thickness of the anastomosis is continuously sutured, followed by embedding the seromuscular layer with barbed or 3-0 absorbable sutures. The anastomosis is sutured with an average of six to eight stitches. (2) Laparoscopic surgery: the anastomosis is strengthened by counterclockwise full-layer sutures. Once the anastomosis has been sutured to the right posterior aspect of the anastomosis, the jejunum stump is pulled to the right and the anastomosis turned over to continue to complete reinforcement of the posterior wall. The suture interval is approximately 5 mm. After completing the full-thickness suture, the anastomosis is embedded in the seromuscular layer. Relevant data of patients who had undergone radical gastrectomy in the above 12 centers from June 2021 were collected and analyzed. The primary outcome was safety (e.g., postoperative complications, and treatment). Other studied variables included details of surgery (e.g., surgery time, intraoperative bleeding), postoperative recovery (postoperative time to passing flatus and oral intake, length of hospital stay), and follow-up conditions (quality of life as assessed by Visick scores).Result:[1] From June 2021 to September 2022,457 patients were enrolled, including 355 men and 102 women of median age 60.8±10.1 years and BMI 23.7±3.2 kg/m2. The tumors were located in the upper stomach in 294 patients, mid stomach in 139; and lower stomach in 24. The surgical procedures comprised 48 proximal gastrectomies and 409 total gastrectomies. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 85 patients. Other organs were resected in 85 patients. The maximum tumor diameter was 4.3±2.2 cm, number of excised lymph nodes 28.3±15.2, and number of positive lymph nodes five (range one to four. As to pathological stage,83 patients had Stage I disease, 128 Stage II, 237 Stage III, and nine Stage IV. [2] The studied surgery-related variables were as follows: The operation was successfully completed in all patients, 352 via a transabdominal approach, 25 via a transhiatus approach, and 80 via a transthoracoabdominal approach. The whole procedure was performed laparoscopically in 53 patients (11.6%), 189 (41.4%) underwent laparoscopic-assisted surgery, and 215 (47.0%) underwent open surgery. The median intraoperative blood loss was 200 (range, 10–1 350) mL, and the operating time 215.6±66.7 minutes. The anastomotic reinforcement time was 2 (7.3±3.9) minutes for laparoscopic-assisted surgery, 17.6±1.7 minutes for total laparoscopy, and 6.0±1.2 minutes for open surgery. [3] The studied postoperative variables were as follows: The median time to postoperative passage of flatus was 3.1±1.1 days and the postoperative gastrointestinal angiography time 6 (range, 4–13) days. The median time to postoperative oral intake was 7 (range, 2–14) days, and the postoperative hospitalization time 15.8±6.7 days. [4] The safety-related variables were as follows: In total, there were 184 (40.3%) postoperative complications. These comprised esophagojejunal anastomosis complications in 10 patients (2.2%), four (0.9%) being anastomotic leakage (including two cases of subclinical leakage and two of clinical leakage; all resolved with conservative treatment); and six patients (1.3%) with anastomotic stenosis (two who underwent endoscopic balloon dilation 21 and 46 days after surgery, the others improved after a change in diet). There was no anastomotic bleeding. Non-anastomotic complications occurred in 174 patients (38.1%). All patients attended for follow-up at least once, the median follow-up time being 10 (3–18) months. Visick grades were as follows: Class I, 89.1% (407/457); Class II, 7.9% (36/457); Class III, 2.6% (12/457); and Class IV 0.4% (2/457).Conclusion:Double and a half layered esophagojejunal anastomosis in radical gastrectomy is safe and feasible.

Objective:To evaluate the safety of double and a half layered esophagojejunal anastomosis in radical gastrectomy.Methods:This prospective, multi-center, single-arm study was initiated by the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University in June 2021 (CRAFT Study, NCT05282563). Participating institutions included Nanyang Central Hospital, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Luoyang Central Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Luohe Central Hospital, the People's Hospital of Hebi, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Anyang Tumor Hospital, First People's Hospital of Pingdingshan, and Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) gastric adenocarcinoma confirmed by preoperative gastroscopy;(2) preoperative imaging assessment indicated that R0 resection was feasible; (3) preoperative assessment showed no contraindications to surgery;(4) esophagojejunostomy planned during the procedure; (5) patients volunteered to participate in this study and gave their written informed consent; (6) ECOG score 0–1; and (7) ASA score I–III. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) history of upper abdominal surgery (except laparoscopic cholecystectomy);(2) history of gastric surgery (except endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection); (3) pregnancy or lactation;(4) emergency surgery for gastric cancer-related complications (perforation, hemorrhage, obstruction); (5) other malignant tumors within 5 years or coexisting malignant tumors;(6) arterial embolism within 6 months, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular accident; and (7) comorbidities or mental health abnormalities that could affect patients' participation in the study. Patients were eliminated from the study if: (1) radical gastrectomy could not be completed; (2) end-to-side esophagojejunal anastomosis was not performed during the procedure; or (3) esophagojejunal anastomosis reinforcement was not possible. Double and a half layered esophagojejunal anastomosis was performed as follows: (1) Open surgery: the full thickness of the anastomosis is continuously sutured, followed by embedding the seromuscular layer with barbed or 3-0 absorbable sutures. The anastomosis is sutured with an average of six to eight stitches. (2) Laparoscopic surgery: the anastomosis is strengthened by counterclockwise full-layer sutures. Once the anastomosis has been sutured to the right posterior aspect of the anastomosis, the jejunum stump is pulled to the right and the anastomosis turned over to continue to complete reinforcement of the posterior wall. The suture interval is approximately 5 mm. After completing the full-thickness suture, the anastomosis is embedded in the seromuscular layer. Relevant data of patients who had undergone radical gastrectomy in the above 12 centers from June 2021 were collected and analyzed. The primary outcome was safety (e.g., postoperative complications, and treatment). Other studied variables included details of surgery (e.g., surgery time, intraoperative bleeding), postoperative recovery (postoperative time to passing flatus and oral intake, length of hospital stay), and follow-up conditions (quality of life as assessed by Visick scores).Result:[1] From June 2021 to September 2022,457 patients were enrolled, including 355 men and 102 women of median age 60.8±10.1 years and BMI 23.7±3.2 kg/m2. The tumors were located in the upper stomach in 294 patients, mid stomach in 139; and lower stomach in 24. The surgical procedures comprised 48 proximal gastrectomies and 409 total gastrectomies. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 85 patients. Other organs were resected in 85 patients. The maximum tumor diameter was 4.3±2.2 cm, number of excised lymph nodes 28.3±15.2, and number of positive lymph nodes five (range one to four. As to pathological stage,83 patients had Stage I disease, 128 Stage II, 237 Stage III, and nine Stage IV. [2] The studied surgery-related variables were as follows: The operation was successfully completed in all patients, 352 via a transabdominal approach, 25 via a transhiatus approach, and 80 via a transthoracoabdominal approach. The whole procedure was performed laparoscopically in 53 patients (11.6%), 189 (41.4%) underwent laparoscopic-assisted surgery, and 215 (47.0%) underwent open surgery. The median intraoperative blood loss was 200 (range, 10–1 350) mL, and the operating time 215.6±66.7 minutes. The anastomotic reinforcement time was 2 (7.3±3.9) minutes for laparoscopic-assisted surgery, 17.6±1.7 minutes for total laparoscopy, and 6.0±1.2 minutes for open surgery. [3] The studied postoperative variables were as follows: The median time to postoperative passage of flatus was 3.1±1.1 days and the postoperative gastrointestinal angiography time 6 (range, 4–13) days. The median time to postoperative oral intake was 7 (range, 2–14) days, and the postoperative hospitalization time 15.8±6.7 days. [4] The safety-related variables were as follows: In total, there were 184 (40.3%) postoperative complications. These comprised esophagojejunal anastomosis complications in 10 patients (2.2%), four (0.9%) being anastomotic leakage (including two cases of subclinical leakage and two of clinical leakage; all resolved with conservative treatment); and six patients (1.3%) with anastomotic stenosis (two who underwent endoscopic balloon dilation 21 and 46 days after surgery, the others improved after a change in diet). There was no anastomotic bleeding. Non-anastomotic complications occurred in 174 patients (38.1%). All patients attended for follow-up at least once, the median follow-up time being 10 (3–18) months. Visick grades were as follows: Class I, 89.1% (407/457); Class II, 7.9% (36/457); Class III, 2.6% (12/457); and Class IV 0.4% (2/457).Conclusion:Double and a half layered esophagojejunal anastomosis in radical gastrectomy is safe and feasible.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese version of Lymphedema function, disability and health questionnaire for lower limb lymphedema (Lymph-ICF-LL).Methods:The original English version was translated into mandarin and modified to accommodate Chinese customs. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 61 patients with lower extremity lymphedema who were treated in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of Xi’an Central Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were recruited in this study. The questionnaires filled by the included patients were classified as sample 1 to sample 4 by the screening process. The valid simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL was collected as sample 1 ( n=55), including 1 male and 54 females, aged (51.0±9.4) years (24-70 years). Among the 55 patients, 28 patients underwent lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA). The simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL completed before and follow-up of 6 months after surgery were selected as sample 2 and sample 3( n=28), respectively. The simplified Chinese version of lymphoedema quality of life questionnaire (LYMQOL) filled out by the patients in sample 1 was used as sample 4 ( n=55). The reliability was analyzed by internal consistency test reliability and split-half reliability, Cronbach’s α coefficient ≥0.80 indicated good internal consistency reliability and the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient ≥0.70 indicated good split-half reliability. The content validity of the Lymph-ICF-LL was determined by three plastic surgery experts who judged the consistency of the questionnaire with the original English content. Exploratory factor analysis and criterion validity were used to analyze construct validity. For criterion validity assessment, Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the Lymph-ICF-LL scores in sample 1 and the LYMQOL scores in sample 4. The scores of Lymph-ICF-LL before and half a year after lymphadenectomy were compared by paired t-test. Results:(1) Cronbach’s alpha was 0.937, indicating good internal consistency. The Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient of the total scale was 0.700, indicating good split-half reliability. (2) The content validity of the simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL was good. Five factors (physical function, mental function, general tasks/household, mobility and life/social life) were identified by factor analysis. The total score of the simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL was positively correlated with the score of the simplified Chinese version of LYMQOL ( r=0.73, P<0.001), and the criterion correlation validity was good. (3) The scores of Lymph-ICF-LL for half a year after LVA was significantly lower than its preoperative counterparts (40.70±15.13 vs. 54.40±15.70, t=5.96, P<0.001). The quality of life of patients after LVA was significantly improved. Conclusion:The simplified Chinese version of Lymph-ICF-LL shows good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the quality of daily life regarding patients with lower limb lymphedema.