Objective To evaluate inspiratory and expiratory high resolution CT (HRCT) lung findings in normal adults and set up inspiratory and expiratory HRCT criterion for further clinical diagnosis and differentiating diagnosis. Methods Sixty-four healthy adults underwent inspiratory and expiratory lung HRCT scanning. The lung density and slice area in upper, middle and lower fields were measured in inspiratory and expiratory phases respectively. Results The lung density in inspiratory phase was (-795?58)HU, the lung density in expiratory phase was (-706?59)HU, the inspiratory expiratory value difference was (90?43)HU, and the expiratory inspiratory area ratio was 0.72? 0.14. Conclusion HRCT will be a new method for lung function testing in future.

Objective To evaluate accuracy,safety and clinical practicality of three measurements for the length of biliary stent.Methods A total of 120 patients with indwelling biliary stents were randomly divided into group A,B and C by the admission time,who then received endoscopic guide wire measurement (Group A),cutting knife measurement (Group B) and formula measurement (Group C) for biliary stent length.Results There were no statistical significance in sex,age,type of primary disease and biliary stent materials (P＞0.05).Operation time in group C (9.4 ± 2.47 min) was shorter than that in group A (15.8±1.71 min) and B (16.2 ± 2.22 min) with significant difference (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative cholangitis [7.5％ (3/40) VS 5.0％ (2/40) VS 5.0％ (2/40)]or the measurement accuracy of biliary stent length [100.0％ (40/40) VS 95.0％ (38/40) VS 97.5％(39/40)] (P＞0.05).Conclusion Three stent length measurements are accurate and safe,but formula measurement has more advantage in clinical practicality.

Objective:To investigate the anti-fatigue phenomenon induced by forced swimming in the mice,and to explore the anti-fatigue effect of argininyl fructoyl glucose (AFG) from red ginseng in the mice and its mechanism.Methods:The AFG was extracted from red ginseng.The ICR mice were divided into blank control group,low dose of AFG group (100 mg · kg-1),middle dose of AFG group (200 mg · kg-1) and high dose of AFG group (400 mg · kg-1) (n=20).The mice mere given a forced swimming test after continuous gavage for 28 d.The weights,organ indexes,time of forced swimming,contents of lactic acid (LD),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),hepatic glycogen (Gly) and expressing levels of PGC-1α in gastrocnemius of the mice in various groups were detected.Results:Compared with blank control group,the weights and organ indexes of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups had no significant differences (P＞ 0.05).Compared with blank control group,the time of forced swimming,contents of Gly and expressing levels of PGC-1α of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with blank control group,The contents of LD and BUN in serum of the mice in low,middle and high doses of AFG groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion:AFG has anti-fatigue effect in mice,and its mechanism may be related to energy metabolism.

Objective:To explore the effect of Bushen Huoxue Decoction on ventricular remodeling and myocardial nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) protein in rats with chronic heart failure.Methods:60 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (15 rats) and experimental group (45 rats). The rats of the experimental group was established CHF model by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery combined with exhaustive swimming and starvation. Rats with chronic heart failure were randomly divided into model group, Bushen Huoxue group and lisinopril group.The Bushen Huoxue group was perfused with 15.75 g/(kg·d) Bushen Huoxue Decoction, the lisinopril group was perfused with 1.8 mg/(kg·d) of lisinopril suspension, and the sham operation group and model group were perfused with equal volume of distilled water. After 4 weeks of administration, the general mental state of rats was observed. The left ventricular internal systolic diameter (LVIDs) and internal diastolic diameter (LVIDd) were measured by cardiac color Doppler ultrasound, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and short axis shortening fraction (LVFS) were calculated. The expression of NF-κB protein in rat myocardium was detected by Western blot, and the morphology of left ventricular myocytes was observed by hematoxylin eosin staining.Results:Compared with the model group, the myocardial fibers of rats in Bushen Huoxue group and lisinopril group were arranged orderly, with few pyknosis, a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the model group, the levels of LVIDs [(6.00±0.58)mm vs. (6.99±0.90)mm] and LVIDd [(3.96±0.51)mm vs. (5.14±0.57)mm] significantly decreased, LVEF [(54.48±6.75)% vs. (30.28±4.85)%] and LVFS [(33.86±4.27)% vs. (26.10±4.96)%] significantly increased, as well as the expression of myocardial NF-κB (1.06±0.10 vs. 1.58±0.29) protein significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Bushen Huoxue Decoction can resist ventricular remodeling,improve cardiac function and treat heart failure of CHF rats and the possible mechanism might be it could down-regulate myocardial NF-κB expression.

ObjectiveTo investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Tiaogan Huaxian pills combined with entecavir on hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B with liver Qi stagnation， spleen deficiency， and blood stasis syndrome and its effect on diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI）. MethodClinical data of 117 patients with liver disease who visited the Department of Hepatology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatment plans， they were divided into a control group （59 cases） and a treatment group （58 cases）. Both groups of patients received entecavir-based etiology treatment， and the treatment group added Tiaogan Huaxian pills on the basis of basic treatment. Both groups were treated for 24 weeks. Before and after treatment， the two groups were compared in terms of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， advanced surgical technologies （AST）， total bilirubin （TBil）， hepatitis B virus （HBV）-DNA conversion rate， liver stiffness measurement （LSM）， four items of liver fibrosis （hyaluronidase， type Ⅲ pro-collagen， type Ⅳ collagen， and laminin）， the fibrosis index based on four factors （FIB-4）， the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index （APRI）， the apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） value in magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）， and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores， so as to analyze the efficacy of the two groups. ResultBefore treatment， there was no significant difference in ALT， AST， TBil， LSM， four items of liver fibrosis， FIB-4， APRI， HBV-DNA conversion rate， ADC value， and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores between the two groups. After treatment， both groups of patients showed significant reductions in ALT， AST， TBil， LSM， hyaluronidase， type Ⅲ pro-collagen， type Ⅳ collagen， laminin， FIB-4， and APRI （P<0.05） and a significant increase in ADC value （P<0.05） and HBV-DNA conversion rate （P<0.01）. The traditional Chinese medicine symptom score of the treatment group decreased significantly （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the effective rate of clinical traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment group was 91.38% （53/58）， which was significantly higher than that of the control group （54.23%， 32/59） （Z=-4.325， P<0.01）. In the treatment group， ALT， AST， TBil， LSM， hyaluronidase， type Ⅲ pro-collagen， type Ⅳ collagen， laminin， FIB-4， APRI， and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores all decreased significantly （P<0.05）， and the increase in ADC values was more significant （P<0.05）， while the difference in HBV-DNA conversion rate was not statistically significant. There were no serious adverse reactions or events in either group. ConclusionTiaogan Huaxian pills combined with entecavir have significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B， which can reduce liver inflammation activity， delay hepatic fibrosis progression， and reduce traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Liver biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis stage in patients with chronic hepatitis B, but it has certain limitations due to its invasiveness. At present, elastography and serological examination have the advantages of convenience, good repeatability, and dynamic testing and are thus widely used in clinical practice. The accuracy of testing has been supported by a large number of studies, and they have been gradually recommended by various guidelines and expert consensus. However, the diagnostic accuracy of the two methods is affected by factors such as inflammation, obesity, ascites, eating, and intercostal space stenosis, and elastography combined with serological examination can greatly improve the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of liver fibrosis staging. With reference to related articles in China and globally, this article reviews the problems of the two methods in the staging of chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis.

Hyperuricemic nephropathy （HN）， a secondary renal damage common in clinical practice， is characterized by early concealing and continuous progression. The understanding of HN in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is from a macroscopic perspective. According to the TCM theory， HN is caused by the combination of external pathogens and internal injuries， with the main pathogenesis being root deficiency combined with superficial excess and deficiency-excess in complexity. In western medicine， the understanding of HN is from the microscopic perspective， which holds that the occurrence of HN is the result of inflammation， oxidative stress， renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS） activation， and metabolic abnormalities. The TCM syndromes of HN include internal dampness and heat， obstruction in dampness and turbidity， deficiency of spleen and kidney， and deficiency of kidney yin. Accordingly， the prescriptions should clear heat and dampness， remove dampness and turbidity， tonify spleen and kidney， and nourish kidney yin， respectively. In addition to TCM prescriptions， single herbal medicines and their extracts， Chinese patent medicines， and external applications of Chinese medicines have played a significant role in the treatment of HN， promoting the application of TCM in the treatment of HN. Moreover， the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine has also played a role in the treatment of HN， enriching the treatment schemes of HN. Different from common kidney diseases such as acute and chronic glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome， HN with particularity should be carefully differentiated in clinical practice. This article systematically summarizes the research progress in the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on hyperuricemic nephropathy with TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine， aiming to enrich the system and theory of HN treatment and further guide the clinical practice.