Eight-academic-year medical students will have the degree of Medical Doctor-when they graduate. Teachers should combine the theoretical knowledge and scientific research thinking in the teaching of physiology,consequently enlightening the students'research conscious-ness.The article aims to introduce this teaching mode from the example of coronary circulation,hoping to be helpful to the perfection of eitht-year medical program education.

This paper was reviewed the research status of health literacy of cancer caregivers, including an overview of health literacy, assessment tools for health literacy of cancer caregivers, factors affecting health literacy of cancer caregivers and measures to improve health literacy of cancer caregivers. To provide theoretical basis for the localized development of health literacy assessment tools for cancer caregivers and further research.

Cancer anorexia/cachexia syndrome (cancer anorexia cachexia syndrome, CACS) is a common complication in advanced cancer patients, which is characterized by reduced feeding, sustained weight loss, general fatigue and weakness. CACS related symptoms make patients suffer from a series of adverse psychosocial effects, such as anxiety, pain and social isolation, thus bringing serious adverse effects on patients′ individuals, families and society. This paper reviewed the symptoms associated with CACS and their psychosocial effects, as well as the interventions related to adverse psychosocial effects, in order to provide theoretical reference for alleviating psychosocial distress and improving health-related quality of life of patients with CACS.

Objective:To translate the Health Literacy of Caregivers Scale-Cancer (HLCS-C) into Chinese and test its reliability and validity.Methods:The British translation model was used to translate and back translate the English version scale, and the Chinese version scale was initially verified and revised through expert consultation and pre-test. From June to September 2021, 242 caregivers of cervical cancer patients admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital were selected by convenient sampling. The revised Chinese version of HLCS-C was used to investigate the caregivers for reliability and validity test. A total of 242 questionnaires were distributed and 226 valid questionnaires were recovered.Results:There were 44 items in the Chinese version of HLCS-C. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale included 8 dimensions, namely cancer information collection, cancer information mastery, social support, cancer related communication with patients, understanding of patients' needs and preferences, health and healthcare service use, health information processing, and active participation with medical and nursing staff, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 73.448%. The scale-level content validity index ( S- CVI) was 0.981, and the item-level content validity index ( I- CVI) was 0.833 to 1.000. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.946, and Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension was 0.700 to 0.945. The total half-reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.791, and the half-reliability coefficient of each dimension was 0.635 to 0.867. Conclusions:The Chinese version of HLCS-C has good reliability and validity, and can be used as an assessment tool for the health literacy of cervical cancer caregivers.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of children′s developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and its distribution based on different family socioeconomic characteristics in China, in order to provide a theoretical basis for early prevention, diagnosis, and intervention for DCD.Methods:From June to October, 2016, 1 887 children aged 3-10 years from 20 kindergartens and 10 elementary schools from 8 cities in seven geographic areas of China using a stratified cluster sampling method were recruited. With a cross-sectional design, parents were asked to report on their basic information. Children′ s motor ability was assessed using the movement assessment battery for children-second edition (MABC-2). Children were grouped by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), one-child status, and family structure. Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare family socioeconomic characteristics of children between different groups.Results:Among the 1 887 children, there were 1 110 (58.8%) preschool children (3-6 years of age) and 777 (41.2%) school-aged children (7-10 years of age). There were 982 males (52.0%) and 905 females (48.0%). A total of 5.5% (104 cases) children were diagnosed with DCD, 10.4% (197 cases) with suspected DCD, and 84.1% (1 586 cases) as typical motor developing children. There were no significant differences in prevalence of diagnosed and suspected DCD among different regions (χ2=17.342 and 4.877, P=0.173 and 0.560), total motor coordination score ( F=2.759, P<0.05), and the scores of all dimensions (manual dexterity, positioning and grabbing, balance: F=9.276, 5.277, 3.706, all P<0.01). The prevalence of DCD in preschool children was significantly higher than that in school-age children (χ2=11.891, P<0.01). Girls were significantly better than boys in total motor coordination, manual dexterity, and balance (all P<0.01). Boys were significantly better than girls in positioning and grabbing ( P<0.01). The prevalence of DCD in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (70 boys (7.1%) and 34 girls (3.8%), χ2=28.508, P<0.01). The total motor coordination ability, manual dexterity and balance of children who are overweighted (BMI>18 kg/m 2) were significantly lower than those of children of normal weight (BMI≤18 kg/m 2) (all P<0.01). The prevalence of suspected DCD children who are overweighted was significantly higher than that of children of normal weight (χ2=4.369, P<0.05). The difference of total motor coordination ability ( F=6.811, P<0.01) and the prevalence of DCD (χ2=14.902, P<0.01) among different family structures were statistically significant. The total motor coordination ability and balance ability of children from multi-child family were better than those of children from one-child family (both P<0.05). Conclusion:The motor coordination ability of Chinese children is well-developed, with differences among different regions, gender, age, BMI, and family structure.