Objective To comparative analysze of the applications value of breast-conserving surgery and improved surgical in breast cancer patients.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight female breast cancer patients from February 2005 to October 2010 in the People's Hospital of Rizhaoour hospital were selected.The patients were divided into breast-conserving surgery group (n =80) and improved surgical group (n =88).The patients in two groups were followed-up and investigated for three years.Operative time,blood loss,postoperative drainage,postoperative drainage time and hospital stay,incidence of complications,local recurrence,distant metastasis and survival after 3 year,satisfaction ratio of breast cosmetology,psychological anxiety scores and quality of life scores after 3 years of the patients in two groups were compared and analyzed.Results The complication rate of breast-conserving surgery group was 12.50％ (10/80),lower than the improved surgical group,and the difference was significant statistically (29.55％ (26/88),x2 =7.23,P＜0.05).The operative time ((72.68±5.28) min),blood loss ((39.21 ± 8.59) ml),postoperative drainage ((162.25 ± 28.56) ml),postoperative drainage time((8.16±2.58) d) and the length of hospital stay((11.43±1.98) d) of the patients in breast-conserving surgery group were lower than those of the improved surgical group,and the differences of two groups were significant statistically ((92.48 ± 6.01) min,(68.26 ± 10.23) ml,(343.29 ± 62.18) ml,(16.59±4.96) d,(18.47±2.94) d;t =22.72,19.99,24.61,13.99,18.35;P＜0.05).The satisfaction rate after 3 years of breast-conserving surgery group was 92.50％(74/80),higher than that of the improved surgical group,and the difference was significant statistically (81.82％ (72/88),x2 =4.20,P＜ 0.05).The psychological anxiety scores after 2 and 3 years of breast-conserving surgery group were (40.02 ± 2.63) points and (34.26 ± 3.59) points,lower than those of improved surgical group((42.58±2.37) points and (39.85±2.10) points),the quality of life scores after 3 years of breast-conserving surgery group was (67.58± 11.26)points,higher than that of improved surgical group ((50.85 ± 10.42) points),and the differences were significant statistically (t =6.60,12.16,9.96;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Breast-conserving surgery could reduce the incidence of complications and psychological anxiety situations,improve clinically relevant indicators and satisfaction ratio of breast cosmetology and quality of life for the breast cancer patients.

31 patients with cysticercosis of cerebral ventricles verified by operation or pathological investigation were reported. All patients were between 7 and 64 years of age and 14 were females. All had a single cyst. Since 29 patients (94%) were without a history of intestinal taeniasis, it was proposed that most patients of cysticercosis of cerebral ventricles were caused by hetero-infection and the entrance of Cysticercus into brain ventricle was through choroid plexus along the cerebro-spinal fluid. This is probably the reason why it occurs mostly in the 4th ventricle. The clinical manifestation of cysticercosis of cerebral ventricles were paroxysmal headache and vomiting caused by increased intracranial pressure. Ventricu-lography and CT scanning have considerable diagnostic value. Removal of Cysticercus by surgical operation is successful (Figs. 1 - 8).

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of the international union against cancer (UICC)stage,pathologic complete response (pCR),and the estimated treatment response as various means for prognostic stratifying patients after surgery in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus who received preoperative radiotherapy (RT).MethodsA retrospective review was performed on 311 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received RT before the esophagectomy. Data collected included the demographics,the RT details,the pathologic findings,and the survival.Prognostic survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and Logrank test.ResultsThe follow-up rate was 96.5％,89 and 43 patients,respectively were followed up more than 5 and 10 years.In univariate analysis,residual disease and the number of positive lymph node were predictors of the overall survival ( T-pCR,x2 =11.53,P =0.001 ;0,1 -3,≥4,x2=42.13,P=0.000,respectively).Further study found the 7th stage system of UICC cannot (can or cannot) entirely predict the prognosis of this group of patients.If categorizing the stages of their lymph nodes into three groups:N0(0),N1 (1-3) and N2(≥4)),and the modified UICC system can accurately distinguish ypStage Ⅰ with ypStage Ⅱ ( T0.3 N 1 M0 + T3 N0 M0 ) ( x2 =11.15,P =0.001 ) and ypStage Ⅱ with ypStage Ⅲ ( T4 N0-1 M0 and T0-3 N2 M0 ) ( x2 =23.39,P =0.000 ).ConclusionsThe pathologic post-radiotherapy T stage and the number of positive lymph node are predictors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving preoperative radiotherapy.The modified UICC stage system can be a better survival predictor than the 7th UICC stage system.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of rescue treatment for recurrent esophageal cancer after radical esophagectomy, and to provide insights into the development of comprehensive treatment for esophageal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 218 patients who were confirmed with recurrent metastatic esophageal cancer after R0 resection and received rescue treatment in our hospital from 2004 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.The survival rate was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate and multivariate prognostic analyses were performed using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model, respectively.Results The median post-recurrence follow-up time was 53 months.The 1-and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates after recurrence were 57.2% and 24.4%, respectively.Among the 163 patients with local recurrence, the 1-and 3-year OS rates were 70% and 42% for patients treated with chemoradiotherapy (n=40), 55% and 24% for those with radiotherapy alone (n=106), and 23% and 8% for those with supportive therapy (n=13)(chemoradiotherapy vs.radiotherapy alone P=0.045, radiotherapy alone vs.supportive therapy P=0.004;none of the patients who were treated with chemotherapy alone survived for one year or more).Univariate analysis showed that N staging, TNM staging, and post-recurrence rescue treatment regimen were independent prognostic factors for esophageal cancer (all P=0.001).On the other hand, multivariate analysis indicated that only rescue treatment regimen was the independent prognostic factor for esophageal cancer (P=0.013).Conclusions Rescue chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone can bring significant survival benefits for patients with recurrent and metastatic, especially locally recurrent, esophageal cancer following radical esophagectomy.

Objective:To investigate the application value of totally laparoscopic trans-abdominal-hiatal approach in the radical resection of Siewert type Ⅱ adenocarcinoma of esophago-gastric junction (AEG).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 45 patients with Siewert type Ⅱ AEG who were admitted to the Affiliated Hangzhou First People′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2017 to December 2020 were collected. There were 28 males and 17 females, aged from 35 to 85 years, with a median age of 64 years. All patients underwent radical resection of AEG by totally laparoscopic trans-abdominal-hiatal approach with gastrointestinal anastomosis using proximal gastrectomy with double-tract anastomosis or total gastrectomy with esophagojejunointestinal anastomosis and digestive reconstruction using transdiaphragmatic-hiatal superior overlap esophagojejunostomy. Observation indicators: (1) surgical and postoperative situations; (2) postoperative histopathological examination; (3) follow-up and survival situations. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect survival of patients and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to March 2021. Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as Mean± SD and measure-ment data with skewed distribution were presented as M(range). Results:(1) Surgical and post-operative situations: all 45 patients underwent radical resection of AEG by totally laparoscopic transabdominal-hiatal approach successfully, including 35 cases undergoing total gastrectomy with esophagojejunointestinal anastomosis and 10 cases undergoing proximal gastrectomy with double-tract anastomosis. The total operation time, time of lower mediastinal lymph node dissection, time of superior overlap esophagojejunostomy, volume of intraoperative blood loss, time for initial out-of-bed activities, time to first flatus, time to initial liquid diet intake, time to drainage tube removal of the 45 patients were (235±32)minutes, (25±8)minutes, (45±10)minutes, (70±13)mL, (20±8)hours, (2.3±0.2)days, (2.6±0.8)days and (6.2±1.1)days, respectively. Eleven of 45 patients under-went postoperative complications and none of patient died during perioperative period. The post-operative duration of hospital stay of 45 patients was (10±3)days. (2) Postoperative histopatho-logical examination: all 45 patients had negative upper surgical margin. The length of proximal margin, tumor diameter, total number of lymph lodes harvested and number of lower mediastinal lymph nodes harvested were (2.5±0.5)cm, (2.9±0.8)cm, 35.0±4.0 and 2.4±0.8, respectively. Patholo-gical examination showed adenocarcinoma in all 45 patients with pTNM staging as 5 cases of stage ⅠB, 8 cases of stage ⅡA, 21 cases of stage ⅡB and 11 cases of stage ⅢA. (3) Follow-up and survival situations: 45 patients were followed up for 3 to 46 months, with a median follow-up time of 26 months. During follow-up, 8 of 45 patients died. Of the 37 patients survived, 3 cases underwent liver metastasis and 3 cases underwent bone metastasis, lung metastasis or peritoneal metastasis respec-tively.Conclusion:Total laparoscopic transabdominal-hiatal approach is safe and feasible in the treatment of Siewert type II AEG with a satisfactory clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of totally laparoscopic transabdominalhiatal approach in the treatment of Siewert type Ⅱ adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG).Methods The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 11 patients with Siewert type Ⅱ AEG who were admitted to Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2017 to July 2018 were collected.There were 8 males and 3 females,aged 56-72 years,with an average age of 63 years.Patients underwent radical resection of AEG by totally laparoscopic transabdominalhiatal approach.Observation indicators:(1) surgical situations and postoperative recovery;(2) postoperative pathological examination;(3) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy,complications,food intake,anastomosis patency,tumor recurrence and metastasis,and survival up to December 2018.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as Mean±SD,measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M (range),and count data were represented as absolute number or percentage.Results (1) Surgical situations and postoperative recovery:all the patients underwent totally laparoscopic radical resection of Siewert type Ⅱ AEG by transabdominal-hiatal approach,without conversion to open surgery or perioperative death.Of the 11 patients,8 underwent total gastrectony including 3 combined with splenic hilar lymph node dissection and 3 underwent proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction.Operation time,time of superior overlap esophagojejunostomy,volume of intraoperative blood loss,time for initial out-of-bed activities,time to first flatus,time to initial liquid diet intake,time of drainage tube removal were respectively (245± 39)minutes,(60± 12) minutes,(75±23) mL,(24± 8) hours,(2.4± 0.5) days,(3.5 ± 0.8) days,(8.2 ± 1.3) days respectively.There was no serious complication including postoperative hemorrhage,anatomotic fistula or death.Three patients had left pleural effusion,and were cured after thoracic drainage.The duration of postoperative hospital stay was (11.0±3.0) days.(2) Postoperative pathological examination:all the 11 patients had negative upper surgical margin.The length of proximal margin,tumor diameter,total number of lymph lodes harvested,and number of lower mediastinal lymph lodes harvested were (2.1 ±0.2) cm,(2.6±0.9) cm,(36.0±4.0)/case and (2.3± 0.8)/case.Pathological examination showed adenocarcinoma in all the 11 patients.pTNM staging:2 cases were in stage Ⅰ B,4 cases in stage Ⅱ A,3 cases in stage Ⅱ B and 2 cases in stage Ⅲ A.(3) Follow-up and survival situations:11 patients were follow-up for 6-19 months,with a median time of 9 months.Chemotherapy regimeus were formulated according to the pathological examination.Nine patients received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy,and 2 in stage Ⅱ B received no postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.During the follow-up,11 patients had no obvious reflux symptom or choking feeling,and the anastomosis was patent as evaluated by oral contrast agent and gastroscopy.There was no tumor recurrence and metastasis or death in the 11 patients.Conclusion Totally laparoscopic transabdominal-hiatal approach applied in the radical resection is safe and feasible for the treatment of Siewert type Ⅱ AEG,with good short-term outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a rare clinical event in lung cancer and the prognosis is very poor. There are limited data on what factors predict peritoneal progression and affect the outcome. The aim of this study is to investigate investigate the factors associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis. METHODS: The patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital were eligible for retrospective analysis between August 2010 and August 2018. Clinical factors such as age, gender, histology, pleural effusion and gene mutations with epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase/ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR/ALK/ROS1) were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: 1.44% (12/836) patients in this study developed peritoneal carcinomatosis and 12 patients with adenocarcinoma had metachronous NSCLC diagnosis and PC. Malignant pleural effusion rates at baseline and at PC diagnosis were separately 50% (6/12) and 100.0% (12/12). Among the 12 patients, 9 patients harbored EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation. The outcome of patients with EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation was significantly better than that of patients without EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation, the mOS1 and mOS2 were separately 26.0 months and 6.0 months versus 10.0 months and 1.5 months (P<0.05). The mOS2 of patients with aggressive treatment after PC diagnosis was 6.0 months, significantly better than 1.0 month of patients with best supportive care (P<0.05). The mOS2 of the patients with angiogenesis inhibitors based-treatment after PC diagnosis was 8.5 months, significantly longer than that of patients with other treatments (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adenocarcinoma and malignant pleural effusion are highly associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with advanced NSCLC. Aggressive treatment for lung cancer with PC is encouraged when possible. More patients with PC may benefit from the treatment strategies with angiogenesis inhibitors. Further prospective trials are urgently needed.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; secondary ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), indexes of systemic inflammation, have been associated with worse survival for many types of cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of NLR and PLR on overall survival (OS) and to explore the value of changes in the NLR and PLR with treatment as a response indicator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: A total of 68 NSCLC patients in Peking University Third Hospital were eligible for retrospective analysis between April 2008 and April 2015. The pretreatment and posttreatment NLR and PLR in all patients were calculated based on complete blood counts. Potential prognostic factors such as age, gender, performance status, histology, stage, response to chemotherapy, NLR and PLR were analyzed. NLR and PLR were assessed at baseline and during chemotherapy treatment. OS was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the associations of the PLR, NLR and clinical features with OS. RESULTS: Among the 68 cases, the values of the posttreatment NLR after two cycles of chemotherapy (NLR2) and the pretreatment NLR (NLR0) were (2.69±2.06) and (3.94±2.12), respectively. NLR2 was significantly lower than NLR0 (P=0.000). There was no difference between the pretreatment PLR (PLR0) and the posttreatment PLR after two cycles of chemotherapy (PLR2) (P<0.05). NLR2 significantly correlated with the response of first line treatment with two or four cycles of chemotherapy. The proportion of high NLR2 in the patients with progression disease was 100.0%, significantly higher than the proportion of high NLR2 in the patients with partial response or stable disease. NLR0, PLR0 and NLR2 were significantly correlated with the OS (P<0.05), but not with age, performance status, histology, stage, status and regimens of treatment (P>0.05). According to univariate analysis, the OS was significantly associated with NLR0, PLR0, NLR2, the response of 2 and 4 cycles of first line chemotherapy, status and regimens of second line treatment (P<0.05), but not with stage, status of third line or beyond treatment and radiotherapy (P>0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that NLR0 (P=0.004), the response with 4 cycles of first line chemotherapy (P=0.022) and status of second line treatment (P=0.007) were independent prognostic indicators in the 68 patients. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that NLR0 was well connected with outcomes and NLR2 was well connected with the response to first line chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, NLR may be a biomarker for predicting the outcomes and response of first line chemotherapy and a potential target for management of non-small cell lung cancer.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; drug effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To evaluate modified overlap esophagojejunostomy in digestive tract reconstruction of totally laparoscopie total gastrectomy(TLTG)in patients of gastric carcinoma. Methods: The clinicalpathological data of 68 patients admitted to Hangzhou First People′s Hospital from Jun 2015 to Aug 2018 Undergoing totally laparoscopie total gastrectomy and modified overlap esophagojejunostomy were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Procedures were successful in all 68 patients without conversion to open surgery and no perioperative death.The operation time, esophagojejunostomy time, volume of intraoperative blood loss and incision length were respectively (210±30)min, (25±12)min, (50±20)ml and(3.5±1.1)cm. Time for initial out of bed activity, time of initial anal exsufflation, time for postoperative fluid diet intake and duration of postoperative hospital stay were (24±8)h, (2.4±0.5)d, (3.1±0.8)d, and (8±3.6)d. There was anastomotic fistula in one and recovered by conservative treatment, total number of harvested LNs in 68 patients were (38.9±2.3). By pTNM staging: 6 cases in stage ⅠB, 10 cases in stage ⅡA, 20 cases in stage ⅡB , 15 cases in stage ⅢA, 12 cases in stage ⅢB, 5 cases in stage ⅢC. 59 patients were followed up from 3 to 42 months. One with liver metastasis after 22 months, others were all tumor-free. Conclusion The modified overlap esophagojejunostomy method is safe and feasible in digestive tract reconstruction of totally laparoscopie total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural effusion is one of the common clinical manifestations of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Patients with pleural effusion at the initial diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma usually indicate poor prognosis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations mainly occur in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Patients with different mutant subtypes have different prognosis. The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with EGFR mutated lung adenocarcinoma of different molecular subtypes combined with pleural effusion at initial diagnosis are still unclear. This study was designed to explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of these patients in order to provide management recommendations for them. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics, treatment, outcomes and progression-free survival (PFS) of first-line treatment in patients with EGFR mutated lung adenocarcinoma combined with pleural effusion at initial diagnosis admitted to Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital from January 2012 to June 2021 was performed. Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were performed for comparison between groups. Kaplan-Meier method was performed for survival analysis and Cox proportional risk regression model was performed for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 76 patients met the inclusion criteria in this study. The incidences of EGFR classical mutations 19del, 21L858R and non-classical mutations were 46.0%, 38.2% and 15.8%, respectively among these patients. There was no significant difference between the three mutations in terms of gender, age, presence of dyspnea at presentation, whether other distant metastases were combined, site of pleural effusion, volume of pleural effusion, presence of other combined effusions, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, presence of other gene mutations, and treatment of pleural effusion (P>0.05). In patients with EGFR classical mutations 19del or 21L858R or non-classical mutations subtype, the proportion of chemotherapy in first-line regimens were 17.1%, 20.7% and 58.3%, respectively (P=0.001); and first-line disease control rates were 94.3%, 75.9% and 50%, respectively (P=0.003); pleural effusion control rates were 94.3%, 79.3% and 66.7%, respectively (P=0.04); PFS were 287 d, 327 d and 55 d, respectively (P=0.001). Univariate analysis showed that EGFR mutation subtype, control of pleural effusion, first-line treatment agents, and first-line treatment efficacy were significantly associated with PFS (P<0.05). Cox multifactorial analysis showed that only EGFR mutation subtype and first-line treatment efficacy were independent prognostic factors for PFS (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PFS was significantly better for classical mutations than for non-classical mutations in patients with EGFR mutated lung adenocarcinoma combined with pleural effusion at initial diagnosis. Improving the efficacy of first-line therapy is the key to improve the prognosis of these patients.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; ErbB Receptors/genetics* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Mutation ; Pleural Effusion/complications* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies