Objective To explore, the effect of different dosage of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on the inci-dence of bronchopulmanary dysplasia. Method Four hundred and three premature infants with hyaline membrane disease were divided into 3 groups according to the dose of PS: low-dose group (L-PS group, ≤ 100 mg/kg, n =188) ,high-dose group(H-PS group, > 100 mg/kg, n = 94) and no-PS group (N-PS group, n = 121). The frac-tional inspired oxygen(FiO2) and ptlmonary oxygenating function before and after 6 hours treatment were observed and the durations of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation, frequency of repeated intubafion, length of hospi-talization and the incidence of BPD were compared among the three groups. Results After 6 hours PS administra-tion, the FiO2,oxygen index and duration of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation were significantly decreased (P <0.05), while PO2 and the arterio-alveolar partial pressure of oxygen were significantly increased (P <0.05)in the H-PS and L-PS groups, compared with the N-PS group. Compared with the L-PS and N-PS groups,the H-PS group showed a decreased incidence of BPD. Conclusions PS administration could improve the pul-monary oxygenation and prevent the development of BPD, especially in high-dose.

AIM: To examine the relation between serum concentrations of interleukin-18, interleukin-10, interleukin-6 and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: Serum concentrations of IL-18, IL-10, IL-6 were measured in 17 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 30 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), 15 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 20 controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA).The relation between IL-18, IL-6 and IL-10 was compared. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of IL-18, IL-6 were significantly increased in the AMI and UAP groups in comparison with the SAP and control groups. Conversely, serum concentrations of IL-10 were significantly decreased in the AMI and UAP groups in comparison with the SAP and control groups. The correlation of concentrations of IL-18 and IL-6 had no significance; but the levels of IL-18 and IL-6 were negatively correlated with IL-10. CONCLUSION: Serum IL-18, IL-6 concentrations increase while serum IL-10 concentration decreases in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The inflammatory imbalance between IL-18, IL-6 and IL-10 may play an important role in the instability of atherosclerotic plaque.