Objective To study the effects of green tea extract on the decrease of serum lipids and body mass index in middle-aged person.Methods A total of 248 middle-aged person with mild hypercholesterolemia were randomly divided into 2 groups and assigned to receive tablets containing green tea extract or placebo for 20 weeks.The serum lipids and body mass index were measured.Results The levels of serum total cholesterol and lower-density lipoprotein,and the body mass index were significantly decreased with the treatment of green tea extract(all P

Objective:To study the preventive effect of drinking green tea on serum lipids and obesity of middle aged people. Method:Total of 3 317 middle-aged people were ascertained by a questionnaire, and their serum lipids were measured at their health examination. Results:Consumption of green tea significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (P

We evaluated the differential expression and function of chitinase 3‐like‐1 in macrophage stimulated by Sporothrix schenckii and Candida albicans fungicidal ability of macrophage after stimulation with Sporothrix schenckii and Candida albi‐cans separately was detected .The expression of CHI3L1 gene in macrophage stimulated by Sporothrix Schenckii and Candida albicans was evaluated with real‐time PCR .The function of CHI3L1 protein in macrophages against the reproduction of Sporo‐thrix schenckii and Candida albicans was detected in vitro .Results showed that macrophages could engulf and kill Sporothrix Schenckii and Candida albicans in vitro .The expression of CHI3L1 gene in macrophage stimulated by Candida albicans was increased obviously .At the same time ,CHI3L1 protein can damper the reproduction of Candida albicans .However ,the ex‐pression of CHI3L1 gene was not elevated when macrophage was stimulated by Sporothrix schenckii and CHI3L1 protein played little role in reproduction of Sporothrix schenckii .The expression of CHI3L1 gene in macrophage was elevated after stimulation with Candida albicans ,but was not elevated with Sporothrix Schenckii .In correspondence with differential ex‐pression ,CHI3L1 in macrophages could impair the reproduction of Candida albicans but had a weak function on Sporothrix schenckii which might contribute to the pathogenesis of spo‐rotricosis .

Objective To investigate the effect of Chinese herbal compound"Jisuikang"on the phagocyto-sis of neuronal debris by microglial cells. Methods To prepare serum containing drugs of JSK and divide them into the low,middle and high dose groups,the blank serum group and LPS+blank serum group. BV2 was labeled by lentiviral vectors containing the green fluorescent protein gene (GFP). To establish the damage neuron model and mix injured neurons with the transfected microglia. To observe the situation of microglia which was affected by serum containing drugs devour the neuronal debris. Results The middle and high dose of JSK showed greater phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index than those of the control group(P<0.001). In comparison of LPS+blank serum group,no significant difference was found in the middle and high dose of JSK. However,to the phagocytic index, which was better than that of LPS+blank serum group(P<0.05). Conclusion JSK may enhance the engulfment of neuron debris by BV2,which could provide a better living environment for the growth of neurons.

Objective To compare the analgesic effect of the ultrasound-guided modified-fascia iliaca compartment block with ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block injection in the treat-ment of elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods Sixty elderly patients with hip fracture,17 males and 43 females,falling into ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,were randomly divide into two groups (n=30 each):ultrasound-guided modified fascial iliaca compartment block group (group M)and ultra-sound-guided fascial iliaca compartment block group (group F).The patients in group M received M-FICB using ultrasound-guided injection of 0.4% ropivacaine 5 ml in obturator nerve,15 ml in the fas-cial iliac space.The patients in group F received ultrasound-guided injection of 0.4% ropivacaine 20 ml in the fascial iliac space.FICB or MFICB was performed 20 min before epidural anesthesia in group F or group M respectively.The time of ultrasound-guided nerve block was recorded,and the onset time of femoral nerve,lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and obturator nerve block were recorded in the two groups.Visual analogue pain scores (VAS)were recorded before nerve block (T0 ),after nerve block,10 min (T1 ),20 min (T2 ),placing spinal anesthesia position (T3 ),and postoperative 24 h (T4 ).Results The onset time of obturator nerve block in group M was significantly shorter than that in group F [(4.1±1.4)min vs (10.1 ±3.9)min,P <0.05].The time of ultrasound-guided nerve block has no difference between the two groups [(2.2 ± 0.5 )min vs (2.1 ± 0.5 )min].Compared with group F,the VAS scoress at T1-T3 were lower in group M (P <0.05).Compared with T0 ,the VAS scores at T1-T4 decreased in both groups (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block is more effective in reducing the VAS scores during the supine position and reducing postoperative pain.

Objective To analyze cervical sagittal parameters change after anterior cervical discectomy fusion (ACDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy fusion (ACCF) in cervical myelopathy.Methods 80 patients with cervical myelopathy who underwent anterior cervical surgery between March 2013 and October 2014 were analyzed in this study.44 patients (24 males,20 females) were operated by ACDF,with an average age of 59.5±4.26 years old and 36 patients (20 males,16 females) were operated by ACCF,with an average age of 62.5±3.85 years old.Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores,visual analogue scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were obtained in all patients preoperatively,6 months after surgery and at the latest follow-up.Standing radiographs of cervical spine,CT (3D) and MR were obtained preoperatively,6 months after surgery and at the latest follow-up.Cervical sagittal parameters were assessed with the following 3 parameters:C2-7 Cobb angle,C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (C2-7 SVA) and T1-Slope.Results All the patients were followed up from 18 to 26 months,with the average time of 22 months.The group of ACDF:JOA scores,VAS scores and NDI scores changed from 8.1±1.4,5.8±1.2,22.2±5.9 to 13.2±1.8,1.5±1.4,10.5± 4.8.The group of ACCF:JOA scores,VAS scores and NDI scores changed from 7.3±1.6,4.9±1.5,24.2±4.3 to 13.9±1.1,1.7±1.2,11.3±4.2.There was no significant difference of JOA scores,VAS scores and NDI scoresbetween two group (t=1.544,0.887,1.666;P=0.134,0.382,0.107).The group of ACDF:C2-7 Cobb angle,C2-7 SVA and T1-Slope angle changed from 17.5°±4.7°,20.3±9.3 mm,35.2°±8.6° to 29.5°±5.2°,11.2±8.6 mm,28.7°±8.2°.The group of ACCF:C2-7 Cobb angle,C2-7 SVA and T1-Slope angle changed from 16.8°±5.1°,19.5±8.6 mm,34.6°±9.1° to 25.3°±4.2°,15.7±9.2 mm,30.3°±7.9°,with significant difference between the two group (t=2.75,2.45,2.34;P=0.039,0.045,0.043).The changes of T1-Slope angle in ACDF group were more significantly (P＜ 0.05).In each group,compared with patients who had low T1-Slope (＜ 25°) preoperatively,the C2-7 SVA in the patients with high T1-Slope (＞25°) was decreased significantly.Compared with patients who had high T1-Slope preoperatively,the C2-7 Cobb in the patients with low T1-Slope was increased significantly.Conclusion Good curative effect could be achieved by ACDF and ACCF in cervical myelopathy.Both surgical methods can maintain the curvature of the cervical alignment and improve the sagittal balance parameters of the cervical alignment.Consideringthe cervical sagittal balance,the ACDF is more suitable for the patient with high T1-Slope angle preoperatively.

Objective:To explore the effect of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at the initial visit on the survival of children with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma (MB).Methods:This was a case-control study involving 61 children with newly diagnosed MB at the Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 2018 to January 2020 .The blood cell counts, lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin in the periphe-ral blood were measured to calculate NLR at the initial visit.Based on the cut-off value determined by receiver opera-ting characteristic (ROC) curve, patients were divided into high NLR group (≥ 2.07, n=21) and low NLR group (<2.07, n=40). The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between 2 groups were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, followed by Log- rank test.The correlation between NLR at the initial visit with clinical characteristics, lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin of children with newly diagnosed MB was analyzed.Differences between groups were compared by the Chi- square test, Mann- Whitney U test and independent sample t test. Results:The survival analysis showed that the relapse rate (38.1% vs.10.0%, χ2=6.879, P=0.016) and mortality rate (19.0% vs.0, χ2=8.154, P=0.011) were significantly higher in high NLR group than those of low NLR group.PFS (12 months vs.19 months, χ2=9.775, P=0.002) and OS (19 months vs.20 months, χ2=8.432, P=0.004) were significantly shorter in high NLR group than those of low NLR group.No significant differences in clinical characteristics were detected between groups (all P>0.05). Compared with low NLR group, the percentage of T lymphocyte[(67.93±6.37)% vs.(73.38±8.08)%, t=2.886, df=48.865, P=0.006], T helper cells (Th)[(30.86±5.53)% vs.(34.29±7.44)%, t=2.037, df=51.981, P=0.047], and T suppressor cells (Ts)[(27.39±5.50)% vs.(30.84±6.58)%, t=2.164, df=47.581, P=0.035] were significantly lower in high NLR group.Spearman correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between NLR and T lymphocyte count ( r=-0.303, P=0.018), and Ts lymphocyte count ( r=-0.260, P=0.043). Conclusions:Children with newly diagnosed MB expressing a high level of NLR had a poor prognosis, which may be associated with T lymphocyte and Ts lymphocyte.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is a common fracture secondary to osteoporosis.At present,there is no effective prediction index and method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the predictive effect of the comprehensive index of lumbar vertebral body bone strength on osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. METHODS:233 patients with osteoporosis were divided into a fracture group and a non-fracture group according to whether a vertebral fracture occurred.The demography,body mass index,vertebral bone mineral density and other details were collected.Lateral X-ray films of the lumbar spine were photographed.The vertebral body width,vertebral body length,sacral slope,pelvic tilt,pelvic incidence,lumbar compressive strength index and the lumbar impact strength index were measured,calculated,and analyzed by univariate and multivariate,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was analyzed.The survival analysis was conducted according to the cut-off value. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)All patients were followed up for 2-4 years,with an average of 3.1 years.During the follow-up period,99 cases(38 cases of L1 vertebral body,61 cases of L2 vertebral body)had fractures(fracture group),and 134 cases(52 cases of L1 vertebral body,82 cases of L2 vertebral body)had no fractures(non-fracture group).Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in age,sex,height,body mass,body mass index and fracture segment between the two groups(P>0.05).(2)Lumbar compressive strength index and lumbar impact strength index in the fracture group were lower than those in the non-fracture group(P<0.05).Pelvic incidence and pelvic tilt in the fracture group were higher than those in the non-fracture group(P<0.05).(3)Multivariate analysis showed that lumbar compressive strength index,lumbar impact strength index and pelvic tilt were risk factors for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(P<0.05).(4)Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff values of vertebral bone mineral density,lumbar compressive strength index,lumbar impact strength index,pelvic tilt and pelvic incidence were 0.913 5 g/cm2,1.932,0.903,21.5° and 55°,respectively;areas under the curve were 0.630,0.800,0.911,0.633 and 0.568,respectively.(5)According to the survival analysis(with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture as the end point),the average survival time of the patients with lumbar impact strength index≥0.903 was significantly longer than that of the patients with lumbar impact strength index<0.903(P<0.05).(6)These findings conclude that the comprehensive index of lumbar vertebral body bone strength is more accurate than the bone mineral density of the vertebral body and spine-pelvis sagittal parameters in predicting osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,which is helpful for early prevention and treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture is a common fracture secondary to osteoporosis,and there is currently a lack of effective predictive indicators and methods for osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the predictive effects of paravertebral muscle degeneration,functional cross-sectional area,and percentage of fat infiltration on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:The 224 patients with osteoporosis diagnosed from January 2018 to June 2022 were included.They were followed up for more than 2 years.They were divided into fracture group and non-fracture group according to the presence and absence of vertebral fracture.The detailed information of demographics,body mass index,bone mineral density and so on were collected.The functional cross-sectional area and percentage of fat infiltration of bilateral Psoas major muscle and extensor dorsi(Erector spinae muscles muscle and multifidus muscle)at the level of lower endplate of L2 vertebral body were measured and calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)224 patients were ultimately included,of which 126 had fractures as the fracture group and 98 had no fractures as the non-fracture group.There was no statistically significant difference in age,gender,height,body mass,body mass index,and fracture segment between the two groups(P>0.05).(2)The bone mineral density of the fracture group was significantly lower than that of the non-fracture group(P<0.05).Functional cross-sectional areas of Psoas major muscle and extensor dorsi in the fracture group were significantly lower than those in the non-fracture group(P<0.05).The percentage of fat infiltration of the extensor dorsi in the fracture group was significantly higher than that in the non-fracture group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in percentage of fat infiltration of Psoas major muscle between the two groups(P>0.05).(3)Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the vertebral bone mineral density,percentage of fat infiltration of extensor dorsi,functional cross-sectional area of extensor dorsi and percentage of fat infiltration of Psoas major muscle were 0.903 g/cm2,35.426%,418.875 mm2,and 6.375%,respectively.The areas under curve were 0.634,0.755,0.876,and 0.585,respectively.(4)These findings indicate that paravertebral muscle degeneration is strongly associated with the occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.The functional cross-sectional area of extensor dorsi muscle can effectively predict the occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,which is helpful for early prevention and treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound "Ji-Sui-Kang (JSK)" on the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs).Drug serum of JSK was prepared.The primary NSCs were isolated and cultured.NSCs were identified.Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was used to induce differentiation of NSCs.Different doses of drug serum of JSK was added to intervene the differentiation.There were the high-,medium-,and low-dose group.The blank control group was also set.The β Ⅲ-tubulin and GFAP were used to detect the differentiation of NSCs.And then,it was compared with the control group without drug serum.Positive cells ofβ m-tubulin and GFAP in different visual fields were counted.And the percentage of positive cells in the total number of cells was calculated.Fluorescence microscope was used to conduct quantitative fluorescence experiments.The results showed that the cultured neurospheres were expressed of Nestin protein.The percentage ofβⅢ-tubulin positive cells in the high-,medium-and low-dose group of drug serum of JSK was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The percentage of GFAP positive cells in the high-,medium-and low-dose groups of drug serum of JSK was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).And the high-dose group of drug serum of JSK was statistically significant compared with the middle-and low-dose group of drug serum of JSK (P＜0.01).It was concluded that TCM compound JSK promoted thedifferentiation of NSCs intoβⅢ-tubulin positive cells.It provided a basis for treatment of SCI with TCM.