The levels of ?_2-m、IgG and Alb in CSF of 13 patients with cerebral haemorrhage and 20 patients with cerebral thrombosis and the levels of ?_2-m in CSF of control group consisting of 14 eases were measured. It Was showed that the levels of ?_2-m in CSF of the two groups of the patients with cecrebrovascular disease were obviously higher than that of the control group and the levcls of ?_2-m in CSF of the two groups of the patients with cerebrovascular discase also had rclation to the levels of ?_2-m in serum of the groups of the patients themselves, the valucs of ?_2-m did not corre- lated with the valucs of IgG or Alb in CSF of the paticnts with cerebral hacmorrhage, but there existed a strong correlation between IgG and Alb in CSF of these patients. The values of ?_2-m, IgG and Alb in CSF of patients with cerebral thrombosis were exactly inversdy correlated with that of patients with cerebral haemorrhage. Reviewing some other data about ?_2-m the authors suggest that the clevated ?_2-m in CSf may indicate an increased cell-mediated immune phenomenon of central nervous system in teh pathological process of cerebral haemorrhage, but this phenomenon in the pathological process of cerebral thrombosis is not obviuos.

Objective To explore the effect of calreticulin (CRT) on cell proliferation and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 and HepG2.Methods SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA).The transfection rate was detected by immunoflurescence and western blot.The cell proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells were determined by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays,transwell assays and flow cytometry,respectively.The p-Akt and Akt levels were detected by western blot.Results The growth inhibition rate in the siRNA experimental group of SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells for 24,36 and 48 h were (41.0 ±2.2) ％,(46.5 ±1.6)％,(59.7 ±2.2)％ and (36.8 ±2.7)％,(47.3 ± 1.8)％,(61.5 ±3.2)％,respectively.The apoptosis rate after down-regulating the expression of CRT in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells for 36h were (45.2 ± 9.1) ％ and (48.9 ± 8.0) ％,respectively.Compared with the blank group and the negative control group,the growth inhibition rate in the siRNA experimental group was lower (P ＜0.05),but the apoptosis rate was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).Transwell experiments confirmed that the numbers of invaded SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells in the blank group and the negative control group and siRNA experimental group were (96.8±7.3),(95.6±5.4),(34.0±4.2) and (124.0 ±9.9),(121.6 ±7.0),(70.4±9.5),respectively,indicating that cell invasion in the siRNA experimental group was significantly suppressed (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of p-Akt was decreased (P ＜ 0.05) after down-regulating the expression of CRT for 36h.Conclusion CRT gene silencing by siRNA can inhibit the SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cell proliferation and invasion,but increase the cell apoptosis by regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway.

Objective To type Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae) isolated from children, and provide scientific basis for the correct selection of S.pneumoniae vaccine.Methods 182 strains of S.pneumoniae were collected from Children's Hospital of Hebei Province in 2014, species of strains were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), types of strains were analyzed with multiplex PCR.Results PCR detection showed that cpsA gene amplification of 182 strains were all positive;multiplex PCR detection revealed that except 8 strains were not typed, the main types of the remaining 174 strains were 19 F (n=68, 37.36%), 19A(n=33, 18.13%), and 6A/6B (n=26,14.28%), the other types were 35B, 14, 6C/6D, 23F, 15B/15C, and so on.Conclusion The main types of 182 strains of S.pneumoniae are 19 F, 19A, and 6A/6B, which provide scientific basis for the correct selection of S.pneumoniae vaccine for this province.

Objective To systematically evaluate the relation between prognostic nutrition index (PNI) and prognosis of bladder cancer (BC) patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC). Methods We searched the literatures about the relation between PNI and the prognosis of patients treated with radical cystectomy published from the inception to January 30, 2021 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Chinese Medical Journal Database, and used RevMan5.3 software for Meta analysis. Results We included six literatures which comprise a total of 1273 patients. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between low PNI and OS of BC patients treated with RC (HR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.56-2.56), and there was a significant difference in RFS, PFS and DSS between low PNI and BC patients treated with RC (HR=1.93, 95%CI: 1.51-2.48). In the subgroup analysis, there were statistical differences in PNI and the prognosis of BC patients treated with RC between the Chinese group (HR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.62-2.81) and the Japanese group (HR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.08-2.94), and the PNI cutoff value had a good predictive effect on the prognosis of patients in the range of 46.08-51.30. Conclusion There is a significant relation between the level of PNI and OS of bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. Low PNI can be used as an effective marker to predict the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To investigate the expression level, development mechanism, role and clinical prognostic significance of tweety homolog 2 (TTYH2) in cutaneous melanoma (SKCM).Methods:The expression data and clinical information of 365 cutaneous melanoma patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the expression data of 812 normal tissues were retrieved from the genotype and Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEx) to analyze the expression level of TTYH2 in SKCM tissues and normal counterparts. Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of TTYH2 expression on prognosis and survival in SKCM patients. Gene set enrichment analysis Kyoto Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) were used to screen signaling pathways for significant TTYH2 enrichment. The interaction network analysis was carried out using STRING online platform to screen key protein network node genes. Secondly, CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the expression of 22 immune cells in each sample, and Chi-square test was applied to analyze the difference of immune cells in the high-low expression group.Results:The expression of TTYH2 in SKCM patients was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. Survival analysis showed that SKCM patients with high TTYH2 expression group had a poor prognosis. High TTYH2 expression was an independent predictor of poor overall survival of SKCM ( HR=1.21, 95% CI 1.08-1.37, P=0.001). KEGG result showed that TTYH2 was mainly concentrated in cell synapses, ion channels, calcium signaling pathways and extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathways. GO analysis showed that the biological processes involved in TTYH2 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. TTYH2 interacts with chloride intracellular channel protein 5, chloride ion channel protein 2, glycine receptor family members and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor family members, suggesting that TTYH2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SKCM. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the immune cell abundance of memory B cells, CD4 memory T cells and monocytes was significantly increased in the TTYH2 low expression group, while the immune abundance of follicular helper T cells and regulatory T cells was significantly decreased in the TTYH2 low expression group. Conclusion:TTYH2 expression may regulate the development of SKCM cells through various ways, affect the survival and prognosis of SKCM patients, and is a potential biological prognostic marker and therapeutic target of SKCM.

Objective:To investigate the expression level, development mechanism, role and clinical prognostic significance of tweety homolog 2 (TTYH2) in cutaneous melanoma (SKCM).Methods:The expression data and clinical information of 365 cutaneous melanoma patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the expression data of 812 normal tissues were retrieved from the genotype and Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEx) to analyze the expression level of TTYH2 in SKCM tissues and normal counterparts. Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of TTYH2 expression on prognosis and survival in SKCM patients. Gene set enrichment analysis Kyoto Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) were used to screen signaling pathways for significant TTYH2 enrichment. The interaction network analysis was carried out using STRING online platform to screen key protein network node genes. Secondly, CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the expression of 22 immune cells in each sample, and Chi-square test was applied to analyze the difference of immune cells in the high-low expression group.Results:The expression of TTYH2 in SKCM patients was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. Survival analysis showed that SKCM patients with high TTYH2 expression group had a poor prognosis. High TTYH2 expression was an independent predictor of poor overall survival of SKCM ( HR=1.21, 95% CI 1.08-1.37, P=0.001). KEGG result showed that TTYH2 was mainly concentrated in cell synapses, ion channels, calcium signaling pathways and extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathways. GO analysis showed that the biological processes involved in TTYH2 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. TTYH2 interacts with chloride intracellular channel protein 5, chloride ion channel protein 2, glycine receptor family members and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor family members, suggesting that TTYH2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SKCM. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the immune cell abundance of memory B cells, CD4 memory T cells and monocytes was significantly increased in the TTYH2 low expression group, while the immune abundance of follicular helper T cells and regulatory T cells was significantly decreased in the TTYH2 low expression group. Conclusion:TTYH2 expression may regulate the development of SKCM cells through various ways, affect the survival and prognosis of SKCM patients, and is a potential biological prognostic marker and therapeutic target of SKCM.

Objective: To evaluate the treatment of complex acetabular fractures involving the posterior column by anterograde lag screws via the ilioinguinal approach. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of the 8 patients with complex acetabular fracture involving the posterior column who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2017 to June 2018. They were 5 males and 3 females, aged from 35 to 62 years (average, 43.5 years). According to the Letournel-Judet classification, 3 cases were T-shaped fractures, 4 anterior column plus posterior hemitransverse fractures and one both column fracture. The interval from injury to operation averaged 8 days (from 7 to 17 days). The anterior acetabulum was fixated by a reconstruction plate and the posterior column by antegrade lag screws, all through the ilioinguinal approach. The quality of fracture reduction, fracture union time, function of the affected hip and complications were recorded. Results: By the Matta imaging criteria, the quality of fracture reduction was rated as excellent in 7 cases and as fine in one. Intraoperative major hemorrhage or injury to sciatic nerve occurred in none of the patients. This cohort obtained an average follow-up of 8 months (from 6 to 18 months). All fractures united well after an average of 10 weeks (from 8 to 12 weeks). The function of affected hip evaluated by the improved Merle d’Aubigne & Postel criteria at the last follow-up was excellent in 7 cases and fine in one. Follow-ups revealed no incidence of deep vein thrombosis or heterotopic ossification. Conclusions For patients with complex acetabular fracture involving the posterior column, internal fixation of the anterior acetabulum with a reconstruction plate through the ilioinguinal approach and fixation of the posterior column with antegrade lag screws also through the ilioinguinal approach can result in fine therapeutic effects, because complications like ectopic ossification and sciatic nerve injury related to the Kocher-Langenbeck approach can be prevented. This treatment is particularly suitable for the patients whose condition of the soft tissues at the posterior pelvis is poor.

Objective To evaluate ilioischial plating via the modified Stoppa approach for acetabular fractures involving the posterior column.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 12 patients who had been treated for acetabular fractures involving the posterior column from January 2017 to June 2018 by ilioischial plating via the modified Stoppa approach at Department of Orthopaedics,The Second Affiliated Hospital to Mongolia Medical University.They were 7 males and 5 females,aged from 35 to 62 years (average,43.3 years).According to the Letournel-Judet classification,there were 5 transverse fractures,4 anterior column plus posterior hemitransverse fractures and 3 both column fractures.Ilioischial plating was conducted for all the patients via the modified Stoppa approach.The Matta criteria were used to evaluate the fracture reduction.The operative time,intraoperative bleeding volume,postoperative fracture reduction and complications like traumatic arthritis and deep venous thrombosis were recorded.Merle d'Aubigné and Postel scoring was used to evaluate hip function during follow-up.Results The operative time for this group averaged 130 min (from 90 to 170 min) and the intraoperative blood loss 550 mL (from 400 to 700 mL).No major intraoperative bleeding occurred.All the 12 patients were followed up for 6 to 16 months (average,8 months).The Matta evaluation for reduction quality yielded 10 excellent and 2 good cases.Their fractures healed after 8 to 10 weeks (average,8.7 weeks).At the last follow-up,the affected hips scored 12 to 18 points (average,16 points),giving 6 excellent,4 good and 2 fair cases.Follow-ups revealed no fracture re-displacement,nerve injury,deep vein thrombosis,ectopic ossification or other complications.Conclusion In the operative treatment of complex acetabular fractures involving the posterior column,ilioischial plating via the modified Stoppa approach displays advantages of easy reduction,easy maintenance of the reduction,limited complications and fine therapeutic effects.

【Objective】 To perform serological screening of K antigen in Qingdao area and analyze the results. 【Methods】 From March to June 2023, 16 201 samples of patients treated in our hospital and applied for blood grouping, and 4 153 samples of blood donors sent to the clinic by Blood Transfusion Department during the same period were detected for Rh and K antigen by Ortho BioVue System Rh/K Cassette. 【Results】 A total of 18 out of 16 201 patient samples and 8 out of 4 153 blood donor samples were positive for K antigen, with the positive rate at 0.127 7%. 【Conclusion】 There was K antigen in Qingdao population, and the positive frequency of K antigen was different from previous reports. It is of great significance to construct rare blood group bank in this area and formulate reasonable blood donation and transfusion strategy for population with K antigen, so as to avoid unexpected antibody production of Kell blood group system, prevent hemolytic disease of newborn and ensure the safety of blood use.