Objective To evaluate radical resection for thyroid carcinoma in patients without lateral neck lymph node metastasis.Methods Clinical data of 132 thyroid carcinoma patients without lateral neck lymph node metastasis undergoing radical thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 35 male and 97 female patients.Age ranged from 18 to 62 years,median age was 34.2 years.All patients underwent ipsilateral lobectomy plus isthmectomy and Ⅵ level dissection.The rate of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was 4.5% (6/132).Taking into account of tumor invaded nerve,the rate of dissection procedure caused injury was 1.6% (2/128).Conclusion Combination of ipsilateral lobectomy plus isthmectomy and Ⅵ level dissection constitutes radical thyroidectomy in papillocarcinoma of the thyroid gland without lateral neck lymph node metastasis,recurrent laryngeal nerve exposure is the key for this en bloc resection.

Objective:Developed two kinds of oxygen conversion adapter in order to make the respirator be used rapidly in all of the hospital without changing the oxygen connecting device of respirator. Methods:Designed one double sleeve type structure with a socket and a plug on each side which was named oxygen conversion adapter. Results: The installation of oxygen conversion adapter only cost a few seconds who made the using of respirator have no obstacle. Conclusion:Oxygen conversion adapter not only solve the oxygen plug and socket mismatch problem but also saved money.

In this paper, the authors analyzed the clinical features and the psychological characteristics of pa-tients with vitiligo: nervousness and inferiority, urgent treatment, high expectation , disappointed feelings of the failtreatment. Aimed at these psychological problems, the medical ethics requirements in the process of diagnosis and treatment were proposed:respect for the patient, protect of the patient′s privacy, patient communication and regular follow-up and health education.

Objective To investigate the effect of narrow-band UVB (NB-UVB ) on melanocytes proliferation,melanin production,tyrosinase activities and miRNA-2 5 expression so as to explore the relationship between NB-UVB and miRNA-25 and the possible mechanism of NB-UVB for treatment of vitiligo.Methods Melanocytes cultured in vitro were treated with 40 mJ/cm2 dose of NB-UVB for 72 h,the effects of NB-UVB on cell proliferation,tyrosinase activity and melanin content were investigated.After NB-UVB stimulation for 1 2 h,the effect of NB-UVB on miRNA-2 5 expression in melanocytes was detected. Melanocytes were transfected with miRNA-2 5 mimics,miRNA-2 5 inhibitor and miRNA-2 5 mutant,respectively,the changes of cell proliferation, tyrosinase activitiy and melanin content were observed.Cell viability was detected using MTT method.Tyrosinase activities were measured with levodopa as the substrate.NaOH assay was used for the detection of melanin content. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)was used to detect miRNA-25 expression.Results After NB-UVB of 40 mJ/cm2 dose was used for the cells cultured for 72 h,the viability of melanocytes,tyrosinase activities,and melanin content were significantly increased (P<0.05 ).After NB-UVB stimulation for 12 h, miRNA-2 5 expression was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0 .0 5 ).After knockdown of miRNA-2 5 ,the cell proliferation of melanocytes,tyrosinase activities and melanin content were increased,whereas overexpression of miRNA-2 5 decreased the cell proliferation, tyrosinase activities and melanin production.Overexpression of miRNA-2 5 partially inhibited the effect of NB-UVB on the treatment of melanocytes. Conclusion NB-UVB may promote cell proliferation,increase tyrosinase activities and melanin formation through partially downregulating the expression of miRNA-2 5 in melanocytes.

This study was aimed to explore the antitumor effect of volatile oil of X ihuang pill and its immune mecha-nism in order to screen the antitumor active site of Xihuang pill. Among 70 female Wistar rats, 10 rats were random-ly selected as the blank control group; and the other 60 rats was used in the establishment of walker 256 breast can-cer cell tumor-bearing rat models. The model rats were randomly divided into the negative control group (model group), high-dose volatile oil group, middle-dose volatile oil group, low-dose volatile oil group, high-dose Xihuang pill group, and lentinan group (positive control group), with 10 rats in each group. The intragastric administration was given twice a day for 14 days. Blood was taken from the abdominal aorta. Tumor tissues was removed and weighed to calculate the tumor inhibitory rate. ELISA method was used to detect the level of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TGF-β in peripheral blood. The flow cytometry was used to detect the content of CD3+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and B7-1 cell (CD80). The results showed that the tumor inhibitory rates of volatile oil of high-dose group and middle-dose group were 28.4% and 24.1%, respectively. Compared with the model group, the average level of IL-2 and IFN-γ of volatile oil of high-dose group and middle-dose group and CD3+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, B7-1 cell con-tent were obviously increased (P< 0.05). It was concluded that volatile oil of Xihuang pill had certain antitumor ef-fect, which was one of the antitumor active sites of Xihuang pill. The volatile oil of Xihuang pill upregulates the lev-els of IL-2 and IFN-γ, as well as the contents of CD3+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, B7-1 cell in order to increase the im-mune clearance function of tumor-bearing rats.

This study investigated the effects of hyperoxia on dynamic changes of thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) and thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1) in alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII) of premature rats. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed on day 19 of gestation. AECII were isolated and purified from the lungs of premature rats. When cultured to 80% confluence, in vitro cells were randomly divided into air group and hyperoxia group. Cells in the hyperoxia group were continuously exposed to 95% O(2)/5% CO(2) and those in the air group to 95% air/5% CO(2). After 12, 24 and 48 h, cells in the two groups were harvested to detect their reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, TrxR1 activity and the expressions of Trx1 and TrxR1 by corresponding protocols, respectively. The results showed that AEC II exposed to hyperoxia generated excessive ROS and the apoptosis percentage in the hyperoxia group was increased significantly at each time points as compared with that in the air group (P<0.001). Moreover, TrxR1 activity was found to be markedly depressed in the hyperoxia group in comparison to that in the air group (P<0.001). RT-PCR showed the expressions of both Trx1 and TrxR1 mRNA were significantly increased in AECII exposed to hyperoxia for 12 and 24 h (P<0.01), respectively. At 48 h, the level of Trx1 mRNA as well as that of TrxR1 mRNA in the hyperoxia group was reduced and showed no significant difference from that in the air group (P>0.05). Western blotting showed the changes of Trx1 protein expressions in the hyperoxia group paralleled those of Trx1 mRNA expressions revealed by RT-PCR. It was concluded that hyperoxia can up-regulate the protective Trx1/TrxR1 expressed by AECII in a certain period, however, also cause dysfunction of the cytoplasmic thioredoxin system by decreasing TrxR1 activity, which may contribute to the progression of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis and finally result in lung injury.

Objective To analyze the advantages of right hepatic resection using the anterior approach for large right hepatic tumors. Methods After initial control of the right liver hilum, liver parenchyma was transected along the ischemic plane down to the anterior surface of the inferior vena cava. All the small caval branches were individually ligated and divided. The right hepatic vein was then isolated, divided and sutured. Sequentially, the right hepatic lobe and tumor were mobilized from the right abdominal cavity in the usual manner and delivered. Results The anterior approach was used for right hepatic resection in 24 patients with huge right hepatic tumors from January 2000 to December 2006 in our hospital. The median size of the tumors was 15.7 cm. Intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion volume were 734 ml and 620 ml, respectively. No major postoperative complications or hospital death occurred. Conclusion The anterior approach is a preferred technique for huge right hepatic tumors that are very difficult to resect in the conventional manner.

Objective To prepare PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD fusion protein.Methods The recombinant plasmid of pET 1 6b-Cu,Zn-SOD and pET16b-PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3).Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside was then added at a final concentration of 0.84 mmol/L,and the cells were incubated for 4 h to induce the expression of Cu,Zn-SOD and PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD fusion protein.Lysozyme and ultrasound were used to lyse the bacteria,the supernatant was collected for 15％ SDS-PAGE to analyze the expression of the target protein.Ni-NTA His bind resin was used to purify Cu,Zn-SOD protein and PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD fusion protein under natural conditions.Western blot was used to identify the target protein.Results The results of Western blot showed that the purity of the target protein was about 90％,and the Cu,Zn-SOD protein with a molecular weight about 19 kDa and the PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD fusion protein with a molecular weight about 20 kDa were found.Conclusion PTD4-Cu,Zn-SOD fusion protein is prepared successfully.

This study investigated the effects of hyperoxia on dynamic changes of thioredoxin-1 (Trx1)and thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1) in alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells (AECⅡ) of premature rats.Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed on day 19 of gestation.AEC Ⅱ were isolated and purified from the lungs of premature rats.When cultured to 80％ confluence,in vitro cells were randomly divided into air group and hyperoxia group.Cells in the hyperoxia group were continuously exposed to 95％ O2/5％ CO2 and those in the air group to 95％ air/5％ CO2.After 12,24 and 48 h,cells in the two groups were harvested to detect their reactive oxygen species (ROS),apoptosis,TrxR1 activity and the expressions of Trx1 and TrxR1 by corresponding protocols,respectively.The results showed that AEC Ⅱ exposed to hyperoxia generated excessive ROS and the apoptosis percentage in the hyperoxia group was increased significantly at each time points as compared with that in the air group (P＜0.001).Moreover,TrxR1 activity was found to be markedly depressed in the hyperoxia group in comparison to that in the air group (P＜0.001).RT-PCR showed the expressions of both Trx1 and TrxR1 mRNA were significantly increased in AEC Ⅱ exposed to hyperoxia for 12 and 24 h (P＜0.01),respectively.At 48 h,the level of Trx1 mRNA as well as that of TrxR1 mRNA in the hyperoxia group was reduced and showed no significant difference from that in the air group (P＞0.05).Western blotting showed the changes of Trx 1 protein expressions in the hyperoxia group paralleled those of Trx1 mRNA expressions revealed by RT-PCR.It was concluded that hyperoxia can up-regulate the protective Trx1/TrxR1 expressed by AEC Ⅱ in a certain period,however,also cause dysfunction of the cytoplasmic thioredoxin system by decreasing TrxR1 activity,which may contribute to the progression of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis and finally result in lung injury.

OBJECTIVETo assess the frequencies of CYP21A2 gene mutations among patients from Fujian area with classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

METHODSFor 19 probands from different families affected with classical steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency and 74 family members, mutations of the CYP21A2 gene were analyzed with combined nested polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Time resolved fluorescence immunoassay was performed to determine the level of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) in all family members. Clinical data and laboratory results of the probands and their family members were analyzed.

RESULTSEleven mutations were identified among the 38 alleles from the 19 probands. 92.1% (35/38) of the mutant CYP21A2 alleles were due to recombination between CYP21A2 and CYP21A1P. Gene conversion and deletions were identified in 84.2% (32/38) and 7.9% (3/38) of the alleles, respectively. IVS2-13A/C>G and chimeras were the most common mutations, which respectively accounted for 34.2% (13/38) and 18.4% (7/38) of all mutant alleles. Among these, IVS2+1G>A and Q318X+356W were first reported in China. 74.3% (55/74) of the family members were carriers of heterozygous mutations. However, no significant difference was found in the 17-OHP levels between carriers and non-carriers (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere seems to be a specific spectrum of CYP21A2 gene mutations in Fujian area, where IVS2-13A/C>G and chimeras are the most common mutations.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; genetics ; Alleles ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; genetics ; Steroid 21-Hydroxylase ; genetics