Objective To measure the macular function of the fellow eye in patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Methods A total of 24 cases of unilateral RVO were diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),and multifocal ERG (mfERG) was recorded by RETI scan.The mfERG data of 24 fellow eyes of those RVO patients,and 18 normal control eyes were analyzed and compared.The parameters included the amplitude density,latency of the P1 and N1 wave in 6 concentric circles and 4quadrants of the mfERG graphics.Results The amplitude densities of P1 and N1 wave in first and second concentric circles of RVO fellow eyes were significantly lower than normal eyes (t=4.520,2.147;P＜0.05).There was no significant difference (P＞0.05) of P1/N1 latency in any concentric circles or quadrants between RVO fellow eyes and normal eyes.Conclusion The central fovea of the RVO fellow eyes was functionally impaired.

Objective To investigate the relative analysis of prognostic factors in primary anorectal malignant melanoma (AMM). Method Twenty-seven patients with AMM were treated, Log-rank and COX analysis were used to find out the relationship of ten factors to survival. Results Log-rank analysis found five of ten factors affecting survival, they were age of patient,diameter of tumor, infiltrated depth,pathological staging and metastasis (P<0.05 or<0.01), while COX analysis only found the diameter of tumor and infiltrated depth had close relationship to survival (P<0.05 or<0.01). Conclusion The diameter of tumor and infiltrated depth are the main factors affecting the survival of AMM, and this indicates the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To observe a recombinant mutant of HBV core protein for dominant negative gene therapy against HBV encapsidation in vitro. Methods C gene and S gene of HBV were acquired through PCR and subcloned into pGEM T to construct pGEM T C and pGEM T S respectively. After digestion and ligation of these two plasmids, pGEM T CS was constructed. The cloned gene was inserted into pcDNA3.1 + to construct pcDNA3.1 + CS, which was identified by DNA sequencing. The recombinant plasmids were transformed into HepG2 cells, and screened with G418. The resistant HepG2 cell clones were chosen to test the expression of core surface protein by RT PCR, and the expressing HepG2 clones were cultured with 10% HBV DNA positive human serum for 72 hours. The intracellular HBV particles were extracted and the DNA was subjected to dot hybridization. Results The analysis showed that the HepG2 cells expressing mutant C protein had capabilities to resist HBV invasion in varied degrees. The mutant C protein had a dominant negative role in the encapsidation of HBV compared with the naive part of core protein. Conclusions The production of recombinant mutant core protein has a potential value for gene therapy against HBV infection.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) exists in different regions of rat gastric mucosa in different densities, and ANP can inhibit the spontaneous contraction of gastric smooth muscles in rat, guinea pig and human.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrastructural localization of ANP-synthesizing cells and the correlation between ANP-synthesizing cells and microvessel density in rat gastric mucosa.DESIGN: Single sampling study.SETTING: Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College. MATERIALS: Eighteen adult male Wistar rats of clean grade, weighing 300-350 g, were used in this study.METHODS: This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Immunology, Chengde Medical College from October 2004 to July 2007. The ultrastructural localization of ANP-synthesizing cells in rat gastric mucosa was performed by postembedding immunoelectron microscopy technique. The area density of ANP-synthesizing cell distribution was calculated by histochemical technique (saffron solution and toluidine solution staining included). Microvessels of rat gastric mucosa were revealed distinctively by tannic acid-ferric chloride staining method and scanning electron microscope technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①The ultrastructural localization of ANP-synthesizing cells in rat gastric mucosa.②The distribution characteristics of gastric microvessels in different regions of rat gastric mucosa.③The distribution characteristics of ANP-synthesizing cells in rat gastric mucosa.④Correlation between ANP-synthesizing cell distribution and microvessel density.RESULTS: ① Ultrastructural localization of ANP-synthesizing cells: It was confirmed that ANP-cells were the enterochrochromaffin (EC) cells. ② Observation of microvessels: The microvessels were stained successfully by tannic acid-ferric chloride and scanning electron microscope technology. Microvessels of gastric mucous were in wriggled way and cut in different cross-sections. They could be clearly observed in distinct three-dimensions. The microvessel density was the largest in the basal glands of rat gastric mucous. ③ Distribution of ANP-synthesizing cells: It was identified that EC cell was only a chromaffin cell in the rat gastric mucosa. The chromaffin granules (brown granules) were localized in the cytoplasm of EC cells. Negative staining for chromaffin granules was detected in the submucosa and smooth muscle. EC cells had different distribution densities in different regions. The density order of EC cells was gastric cardiac region ＞ gastric pyloric region ＞ gastric fundic region in mucosal layer. ④ Correlation between ANP-synthesizing cells and microvessel density: Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between ANP-synthesizing cells and microvessel density in the gastric cardiac region(r = 0.53, P ＜ 0.05, n=18), and there was a negative correlation between above-mentioned two indices in the gastric pyloric region(r = 0.38, P ＞ 0.05 , n=18)and in the gastric fundic region(r = -0.29, P ＞ 0.05, n=18).CONCLUSION: ANP-synthesizing cells are the EC cells of gastric mucosa. There is a positive correlation between ANP-synthesizing cells and microvessels in the rat gastric cardiac region, while there is a negative correlation between ANP-synthesizing cells and microvessels in the rat gastric pyloric region and in the gastric fundic region.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the application of quantitative sensory testing(QST) in hemodialysis (HD) patients with peripheral neuropathy.MethodsThe values of the quantitative sensory testing and sensory conduction velocity at different locations of extremities in 40 cases of the HD patients and 40 normal persons were recorded.ResultsAccording to the control group,without symptoms group and with symptoms group,the thermal threshold(TT) and vibratory threshold (VT) at the four different locations of extremities were increased,thresholds of the later two groups were significantly higher than those of normal controls (P ＜ 0.05 ).Especially finger warm and vibratory thresholds,hypothenar heat pain thresholds,instep heat pain and vibratory thresholds,calf cold pain and vibratory thresholds were significantly difference between with symptoms group and normal control group (P＜0.01 ).Finger cool and warm thresholds,instep heat pain thresholds,thresholds of calf warm,cold pain and heat pain,and vibratory thresholds at the four different locations of extremities were significantly difference between wthout symptoms group and with symptoms group (P＜ 0.05).The SCV values of the median nerve,tibial nerve and lateral popliteal nerve were significantly difference between HD patients group and normal control(P ＜0.05 ).The total abnormal rate of QST was 65％,with symptoms group was 77.27％,total abnormal rate of SCV was 55.0％,with symptoms group was 68.18％.The total abnormal rate of QST were significantly higher than those of SCV (P＜0.01 ).ConclusionQST is a sensitive method for diagnosis of uremic neuropathy.

Background The severity of difficulty in falling asleep and the insufficiency of the sleeping time in the primary insomniacs always were overestimated, even after medication and improving the objective sleep quality. Moreover, remarkable psychosomatic symptoms were found in patients and the symptoms were significantly linked to the self-reported sleep quality. So in this study, it was designed to explore the differences between objective and subjective sleep quality and its correlative factors in chronic insomniacs.Methods A total of 55 chronic primary insomniac cases diagnosed by DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic criteria for primary insomnia and 15 normal controls were rated with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI),State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Subjective General Condition Form. All cases and the controls were then examined by the whole-night polysomnography (PSG) records.Results Compared with the objective parameters of PSG, the subjective parametersiu chronic insomniacs had significantly longer sleep latency and lower total sleep time and sleep efficiency [ (80. 3± 73.7)min v.s. (23.2 ± 25.4) min, (157.8±141.7)min v.s. (332.2±154.7)min , (0.52 ±0. 27) min v.s. (0. 67 ± 0. 28) min, respectively, P ＜0. 001 ]. The difference between subjective and objective sleep latency was related to the total scores of STAI, TAI and SAI ( r = 0. 402,0. 374 and 0. 397, respectively, P ＜ 0. 05).Conclusions There were significant differences between objective and subjective estimations of sleep quality in chronic insomniacs,and they might result in the overestimation of the severity of insomnia. The differences between subjective and objective sleep quality in the chronic insomniacs were significantly correlated with the levels of anxiety.

Objective To study the relationship between mental effort and personal time perspective during the process of individual changing bad habits.Methods 230 graduate students were collected to attend this longitudinal study of 21 days by experience sampling method.The data on mental effort and performance were obtained from the process of daily change of the bad behavior.Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) was applied to graduate students.The survey results were analyzed by hierarchical linear modeling (HLM).Results In 21 days,the mental effort of subjects showed very clear downward trend,the trend of the change was statistical significant (total score(5.63±2.62),t=-5.590,P＜0.01).Mental effort didn't have significant difference in five kinds of behavioral objectives (keeping early hours,exercising daily,dieting,reading daily,limiting screen time) (P＞0.05).The male obviously put more effort than the female during the study(t=2.743,P＜0.01).Both Present Hedonism and Futurism were inversely related to mental effort,which was statistical significant (t=-2.504,P＜0.05;t=2.39,P＜0.05).Both Present Fatalism and Futurism had the effects on the changing trend of the mental effort regulatory,which was statistical significant (t=-3.099,P＜0.01;t=-2.400,P＜0.05).Conclusion The mental effort of changing the behavior will gradually decline during the process of habit establishment.The mental effort of subjects who had present fatalism or futurism show a faster decline.

Objective To explore the effects of expression of thioredoxin-2(Trx-2) suppressed by small interference RNA(SiRNA) in A549 cells exposed to hyperoxia on expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1)and cytochrome C oxidase Ⅰ(COX Ⅰ). Methods A549 cells were gained by serial subcultivation in vitro and transfered with synthetic Trx-2 sequence-specific SiRNA and then were randomly divided into air group without interference,hyperoxia group without interference,air group after interference,and hyperoxia group after interference.After exposure to oxygen or room air for 12,24 and 48 h,expressions of Trx-2,ND1 and COX Ⅰ mRNA of these cells were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and Trx-2 protein was detected by Western blot. Results (1)Sequence-specific SiRNAtargeting Trx-2 could significantly down-regulate its expression in A549 cells.(2)Trx-2 mRNA levds inhyperoxia group without interference at 24 h was higher than those in air group without interference(0.7799±0.1249 VS 0.4424±Ⅰ.1140,P<0.05).Th-2 mRNA levels in hyperoxia group after ireedcrence at 24 hand 48 h were 0.2774±0.0174 and 0.2587±0.0069,lower than those in air group after interference andhyperoxia group without interference (P<0.05).(3)ND1 mRNA levels in hyperoxia group without interference at 24 h was 0.6609±0.0368,lower than those in air group without interference(0.8898±0.1049)(P<0.05).ND1 mRNA levels in hyperoxia group after interference at 12 h was 0.8848±0.0135,higher than those in air group after imederence(P<0.05).ND1 mRNA levels in hypemxia group afterinterference at 48 h was 0.3808±0.0937,lower than those in air group after imerference and hyperoxiagroup without interference(P<0.05).(4)COXI mRNA levels in hypemxia group without inteference at 12,24 and 48 h were 1.7313±0.4331,2.1929±0.6722 and 2.0754±0.2584,higher than those in air group witheUt interference,respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions ND1 and COXⅠ participate in thedevelopment of hyperoxia indUCed lung.injury,and Trx-2 is likely to have protective effect on mitochondria ofA549 cells in hyperoxia lung injury.

A new cool-tip radiofrequency (RF) ablation therapeutic instrument based on impedance control algorithm is introduced in this paper. The equipment is composed of hardware system and software system. The RF power output and real time data acquisition are completed by the hardware system, while the software is used mainly to finish the control of the ablation range, the core of which is impedance control algorithm, and it also used to complete the display of the real time data in the course of the experiment. The impedance algorithm has solved the problem of impedance increased rapidly during the RF ablation, which has also expanded the scope of ablation. The pig liver experiments showed that the impedance control algorithm had strong adaptability. It also obtained a result of ablation range up to 3.5-4.5 cm single needle. It has the high clinical practical value of one-time inactivation of 3-5 cm tumor.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Catheter Ablation ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Liver ; Needles ; Software ; Swine

Aim To select a potential biomarker for early lung cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy by using the cancer specific bounded peptide ZS-6 which had already been obtained from the laboratory.Methods The peptide ZS-6 marked by biotin was used as a probe to pan out the human lung cancer cDNA phage display library,after 4 rounds of subtraction panning,the specific binding clones of ZS-6 were identified.After amplification and purification,then those DNA sequences were identified and analyzed with bioinformatics.Results 18 phage clones were identified to the specific peptide ZS-6 and the DNA sequence showed one of them was an unknown new gene while the others were known tumor related genes.Conclusion A tumor biomarker selected from human lung cancer cDNA library provides a potential tool for early lung cancer diagnosis and therapy.