Objective By analysing the relation between the proportion of NBCA and the arteriovenous circulation time will give the optimal proportion of NBCA for embolizing cerebral AVM with microcatheter clinically.Methods (1) The fresh aterial blood fractions from intracranial hemorrhage in vitro of 16 cases were mixed with the 20%、33%、50%、70% and 80% NBCA respectively and evaluated the coagulation times with the different densities of NBCA in the fresh aterial blood in vitro; (2) two cases were performed with superselective embolotherapy to five feeding arteri. Results (1) the correlation index between different densities of NBCA and the fresh areterial blood in vitro , T (c) =e 1.9994-1.487D , (2) about 90% nidus of AVM were occluded after embolization, and the fistulas of AVF were basically closed after embolization.Conclusions There is a mathematical model between the arteriovenous circulation time and the proportion of NBCA, thus providing the theoretical clinical application of the embolotherapy of CAVM with microcatheter.

Objective:To investigate the characteristic of life events and social support in patients with major depression.Methods:A cohort of 96 major depressed in-patients was assessed on admission. The assessments included Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Life Events Scale and the Social Support Scale. Ninety-nine healthy subjects were assessed too.Results:Compared with the controls, the patients experienced more stressful life events and got more subjective social support, but the utilization of social support was lower in the patient group. There was no gender difference in the life events and social support. The patients experiencing more life events got less subjective social support and social support as a whole.Conclusions:The depressed patients experience more life events.Social support acts as one of the cushion factors between life events and the onset of major depression.

Objective:Developed two kinds of oxygen conversion adapter in order to make the respirator be used rapidly in all of the hospital without changing the oxygen connecting device of respirator. Methods:Designed one double sleeve type structure with a socket and a plug on each side which was named oxygen conversion adapter. Results: The installation of oxygen conversion adapter only cost a few seconds who made the using of respirator have no obstacle. Conclusion:Oxygen conversion adapter not only solve the oxygen plug and socket mismatch problem but also saved money.

BACKGROUND: Microspheric injectable scaffold has a perspective in cartilage tissue engineering; however, it is still limited by in vivo hard forming and microsphere transmigration.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of self-assembly scaffolds by attaching negatively charged calcium alginate microspheres and positively charged chitosan microspheres by electrostatic force. METHODS: The calcium alginate and chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsion-internal gelation and spray drying technique, respectively. The characterizations of the microspheres were determined by means of scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy and zeta potential analysis methods. Self-assembly scaffolds were fabricated by mixing the aqueous suspensions of the microspheres with oppositely charged surfaces. The phenomenon of electrostatic attachment was characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the elastic compress modulus of the scaffolds was also investigated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average diameter of the calcium alginate microspheres was 52.5 μm, and the chitosan one was 4.1 μm, respectively. The zeta-potential of the calcium alginate microspheres was 23.5 mv, and the chitosan one was +9.8 mv, respectively. The microspheres were spherical and smooth. The small size chitosan microspheres could attach to the surface of the calcium alginate microspheres and anchor the calcium alginate microspheres together. The elastic compress modulus increased with the increase of solid content of the microspheres, but decreased with the increase of the ionic strength. The elastic compress modulus increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of the mass ratio of m (CHI):m (ALG), and it showed the highest elastic compress modulus when m (CHI):m (ALG) was 2:1. The positively charged chitosan microspheres could attach to the negatively calcium alginate microspheres to form a self-assembly scaffold.

AIM　To prepare lung targeted tetrandrine (TET) loaded sustained-release drug delivery system by microencapsulation, decrease the toxicity and enhance the therapeutic function of anti-pulmonary hypertension of TET. METHODS　Albumin microcapsules were produced by spray drying-thermal denaturation, a new technique. Some characterization of the prepared microcapsules was evaluated. Distribution of the microcapsules and their anti-pulmonary hypertension effect in vivo were investigated. RESULTS　The spherical microcapsules showed a drug loading of 37.88%. Compared to the original drug, the rate of TET released from the positively charged microcapsules in vitro was significantly decreased and fitted well by Higuchi equation. The TET concentrations in mouse lungs of TET microcapsules were significantly higher than those of TET injection, and the mean retained time of TET in lungs was prolonged from 157.1 h to 223.6 h after microencapsulation. The in vitro - in vivo correlation was established and confirmed (P＜0.001). CONCLUSION　The new spray drying-thermal denaturation method allows the preparation of drug loaded albumin microcapsules with desired results. The prepared microcapsules were found to have the potential function of delivering TET to pulmonary artery via iv, with low toxicity and high efficacy.

Objective To analyze the behavior of patients with serious adverse drug reactions and look for risk factors leading to serious adverse drug reactions .Methods Patient medication behavior evaluation method was established,which was used in cases of serious adverse reaction caused by stains in recent three years in Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital .Clinical pharmacists participated in field survey .Medication behavior of patients was analyzed from three aspects of knowledge ,attitude and ability .Results Three patients had serious adverse reactions occurred in recent 3 years,drugs were suspected of simvastatin and atorvastatin .The score of medication knowledge was lower than 20%.The score of health attitude was lower than 20%.The score of taking ability was lower than 20%. Conclusion In the investigation of serious adverse reaction ,pharmacists found the risk behavior of patients with daily medication is an important cause of patients with serious adverse reaction .Pharmacists should strengthen the drug education and publicity ,especially in patients with risk factors of medication behavior such as knowledge ,attitude and ability in their daily work .

Objective To investigate the differences of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF)in the resting state between short-term heroin and methamphetamine abusers after withdrawal.Methods Sixteen male short-term heroin abusers and fourteen male short-term methamphetamine abusers were performed the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).The differences of ALFF be-tween the two groups were performed with preprocessing softwares.Threshold was set to 0.05.Results Compared with metham-phetamine-dependent patients,heroin-dependent patients showed increased ALFF in the left side of the lingual gyrus and the left ton-sil of cerebellum and decreased ALFF in the left side of the brain stem,midbrain and the left side of the cerebellar vermis.Conclusion There are differences between the short-term heroin and methamphetamine abusers in the function of the brain,mainly involving the brain regions associating with cognition and affection.

Objective To investigate the calcium signal transduction pathway in hippocampal neurons of mice with vascular dementia (VaD) and the intervention effect of dihydroergocriptine (DHE). Methods The mice were subjected for ischemia-reperfusion repeatedly on bilateral common carotid arteries by knots to establish the VaD models. Animals with sham-operation were taken as control group. The treating group was administered with DHE after the establishment of VaD model. The behavior changes were observed through the step-down avoidance test and water maze test on the 29th and 30th days after operation. The resting 〔Ca 2+〕 i level of hippocampal neurons was evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscopy. RT-PCR technique was used to measure mRNA expression of CaM an CaMPKⅡ in hippocampal neurons. Results The resting 〔Ca 2+〕 i level in model group(43.50?3.00) was significantly higher than those in the sham-operation group (25.50?3.50) (P

Objective To observe the effects of secoisolariciresinol (SECO) and its metabolites, enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END), on proliferation of MCF-7 cell line and to the probable mechanism. Method Effect of SECO, END, ENL and genistein (GEN) on MCF-7 proliferation was investigated by MTT assay. Cell cycle arrest was measured by flow cytometry (FCM). Cell morphology was observed by optical microscope. The anticarcinogenic mechanism of SECO was analyzed. Results SECO had promotive effect on the cell growth at lower concentration (≤40 ?mol/L) but inhibition effect at higher concentration (100 ?mol/L). ENL and END, however, showed significant inhibition effect at all tested concentrations (10~100?mol/L). The cell cycle progression was arrested at G2/M phase and apoptosis was observed by optical microscope. Conclusion Effect of SECO on the MCF-7 cell proliferation depends on its concentration. Inhibition effect of SECO may relate to its metabolites ENL or END.