The term vasculogenic mimicry describes the formation of fluid-conducting channels by highly invasive and genetically dysregulated tumor cells. The molecular mechanisms of vasculogenic mimicry may be associated with phenotypically interconversion, tumor-extracellular matrix interactions and abnormality in signal pathway of tumor cells. It is recently discovered that in hepatocellular carcinoma vasculogenic mimicry may be associated with the invasive and metastatic potential of tumor cells, as well as poor clinical outcome. This article reviews the present research progression of vasculogenic mimicry in hepatocellular carcinoma.

0.05 ). But CD8 +CD28 -T suppressor cells from colitis rats was significantly higher than that from controls (spleen: 11.3% ? 2.3% vs. 5.6% ? 1.0% ; colon: 6.5% ?5.4% vs. 1.1 %? 0.6% , P 0.05 ; colon: 7.5% ? 4.2% vs. 16.9% ? 4.1% , P

Purpose:To investigate the effects of octreotide on TGF-? autocrine in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells SMMC-7721 and TGF-?-induced cells proliferation. Methods:The expression of TGF-?in SMMC-7721 was determined by radioimmunoassay and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the cells was determined by immunohistochemistry method and RT-PCR. The proliferative activity of the cells was evaluated by flow cytometry and colony-forming assay. Results:The content of TGF-?was significantly attenuated by octreotide and the inhibitor rate was 15.0%~26.7%. TGF-?mRNA index was decreased by octreotide.TGF-?increased the expression of EGFR both in mRNA and protein level,while octreotide inhibited the expression induced by TGF-?. Proliferative index (PI) and colony-forming rates were obviously lower in octreotide and TGF-?-treated cells than those in TGF-?-treated cells. Conclusions:There exists a TGF-? autocrine loop in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells SMMC-7721. octreotide could inhibit TGF-? autocrine in the cells, and consequently exerts an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.

Objective To study the differences of anal manometry among dirrhea-dominant(DD), constipation-dominant(CD) irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) and functional constipation(FC), and to evaluate effects of sex and age on these parameters.Methods Age-matched 18 DD-IBS, 14 CD-IBS and 30 FC patients were selected, and 18 volunteers as healthy controls. Anal manometry was evaluated with localized point pull-extraction technique.Results The pressure parameters in DD-IBS, CD-IBS and FC were no significantly difference from those in healthy controls, but the threshold volume of gas to induce RAIR was significantly larger(P

Background Researches showed that microRNA (miRNA) is involved in the pathogenesis and development of many tumors and plays a cancer-suppressing-gene like role or cancer-gene like action.Uveal melanoma (UM) is a common ocular malignant tumor in aduh,and the mechanism of UM pathogenesis and metastasis is still not elucidated.Understanding the differential expression of miRNAs in UM is expected to provide a basis for targeting treatment of UM.Objective This study was to screen and compare the expression profiles of miRNAs in epithelial type and spindle type of UM.Methods The use of specimens of UM and donor eyes was approved by Ethic Commission of Capital Medical University.The specimens of epithelial type (4 specimens) and spindle type (4 specimens) of UM confirmed by histopathology and immunochemistry were collected in Beijing Tongren Hospital from March 2013 to October 2015.The expression profile of miRNA was assayed by miRNA array.Normal uveal specimens were obtained from 8 donors as controls.The differentially expressing miRNAs were screened by intergroup differential folds of ≥2.The genes targeting differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted using multiples online software and the potential signal pathway was further analyzed by bioinformatics method.The microarray outcomes were validated by real-time quantitative PCR.Results Spindle cell type and epithelial cell type of UMs were verified by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Immunochemistry showed that HMB45,melanin-A and S-100 were positively expressed in the two types of UM.Compared with the normal uveal tissue,109 differentially expressed miRNAs,including 29 up-regulated and 80 down-regulated miRNAs were seen in the spindle cell type of UM,and in the epithelial cell type of UM,50 differentially expressed miRNAs were found,including 23 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated miRNAs.In spindle cell type of UM,the up-regulated miRNAs were miR-146a-5p,miR-25-3p and miR-29b-l-5p,and down-regulated ones were miR-126-5p,miR-183-5p and miR-96-5p.In epithelial cell type of UM,the up-regulated miRNAs were miR-155-5p,miR-210 and miR-378a-5p,and down-regulated ones were miR-199a-5p,miR-143-3p and miR-143-5p.In addition,the mutual up-regulated miRNA in both spindle cell type of UM and epithelial cell type of UM were miR-132-3p,miR-21-5p,miR-34a-5p and miR-34b-5p,and mutual down-regulated ones were miR-125b-2-3p,miR-126-3p,miR-199a-3p and miR-214-3p.Bioinformatics analysis showed that the targeting genes predicted by differentially expressed miRNAs participated in a number of biological pathways,including cancer-related pathway,mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway,Wnt signal pathway and intercellular adhesion,endocytosis,prostatic cancer,colorectal cancer pathways.Conclusions Many differentially expressed miRNAs exist among spindle cell type of UM,epithelial cell type of UM and normal uveal tissue.These miRNAs participate in or regulate the biological behaviour of UM via different signal pathways.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of severe ulcerative colitis(UC)and to find the factors related to treatment and outcome.Methods Forty one hospitalized patients with UC during 1988-2004 were retrospectively reviewed.Data were recorded including the onset,symptoms,signs, laboratory,endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic findings,as well as the processes of clinical treatment. The patients who undergone surgery were also analysed.Results Forty one of 144(28.5%)hospital ized patients were suffered from severe UC,and among them 92.7%(38/41)had pancolitis.The patients who had first onset,chronic persistent,chronic recurrent type were account for 36.9%(15/41),36.9%(15/41) and 26.8%(11/41),respectively.The steroids treatment played the main role in the inducing remission of severe UC(61.0%).Thirty one cases(75.6%)could be relieved by drug therapy.Seven cases(17.1%) were progressed to have operation.The age of early onset,pancolitis,low hemoglobin and serum albumin levels and need of intravenous steroids treatment were associated with the need of surgery.Conclusions Most of the severe UC patients respond well to the medical therapy,but for some non-responding or steroids depending individuals,after a reasonable duration of treatment,surgery should be considered.

Objective To study the function of ginsenoside Rg3 on proliferation in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on Cx26 gene expression and gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in MCF-7, cultured in vitro. MethodsHuman breast cancer cells MCF-7 was exposed to ginsenoside Rg3 at differential concentrations for 24 h, respectively. The cell proliferation inhibition was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The expression of Cx26 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR in experimental groups and control goup. The GJIC function of MCF-7 cell was examined with scrape-loading dye transfer assay.ResultsHuman breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was exposed to ginsenoside Rg3 at a concentration of 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 μg/ml, respectively.The inhibition ratio was 3.1%, 5.2 %, 16.0 %, 26.3 %, 29.1% respectively after 24 h. Compared with control group, the concentration of 40 μg/ml above could significantly inhibit MCF-7 cell proliferation (P ＜0.05), so the experimental groups were exposed to ginsenoside Rg3 at a concentration of 40, 80, 160 μg/ml,respectively. The expression of Cx26 mRNA in every experimental group compared with control group was enhanced when MCF-7 cell was exposed to ginsenoside Rg3 at a higher concentration. It was observed that Lucifer yellow fluorescent staining was limited to a single cell in control group through fluorescent microscope,but Lucifer yellow fluorescent transfered through gap junction cells to neighboring cells, then came into being flake fluorescent staining in experiment groups. ConclusionGinsenoside Rg3 can enhance the expression of Cx26 mRNA in MCF-7 cell and restore the gap junctional intercellular communication, which may be one of important mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg3 in antitumor.

Objective To measure the macular function of the fellow eye in patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Methods A total of 24 cases of unilateral RVO were diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),and multifocal ERG (mfERG) was recorded by RETI scan.The mfERG data of 24 fellow eyes of those RVO patients,and 18 normal control eyes were analyzed and compared.The parameters included the amplitude density,latency of the P1 and N1 wave in 6 concentric circles and 4quadrants of the mfERG graphics.Results The amplitude densities of P1 and N1 wave in first and second concentric circles of RVO fellow eyes were significantly lower than normal eyes (t=4.520,2.147;P＜0.05).There was no significant difference (P＞0.05) of P1/N1 latency in any concentric circles or quadrants between RVO fellow eyes and normal eyes.Conclusion The central fovea of the RVO fellow eyes was functionally impaired.

ObjectiveTo summarize the complications after precise hepatectomy for primary liver cancer and explore the prevention experiences.MethodsThe clinical data of 120 primary liver cancer patients who underwent precise hepatectomy in Anhui Provincial Hospital from August 2008 to October 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The common complications after hepatectomy and the management measures of the complications were studied.Results Related complications were found in 19 cases,including 7 cases of pleuraI effusion,3 cases of pneumonia,1 case of intra- abdominal hemorrhage,2 cases of up gastrointestinal bleeding,1 case of abdominal abscess,1 case of hepatic failure,1 case of bile leakage,2 cases of would infection,1 case of urinary tract infection.ConclusionsPrecise hepatectomy has characteristics of preoperative accurate assessment,intraoperative fine operation and postoperative excellent management,which reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Previous studies have shown that hearing loss people are more likely to have not only abnormal speech communication, but also psychological problems especially emotional disorders, cognitive impairments and personality defects. Therefore, it is necessary to provide psychological support to patients during they accept medical therapy.
Communication ; Hearing Loss ; complications ; psychology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Mental Health ; Speech