Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Language ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translations

[Objective]To investigate the efficacy of treatment of C_(1～C) instability with 3D-fixation techniques.[Method]From July 2002 to July 2005,thirteen patients were treated with atlantal lateral mass screw associating with axoid pedicle screw;twelve patients were treated with axoid transarticular screw associating with posterior atlantal arch hook;sixteen patients were treated with Vertex and nine patients with Summit among them.[Result]There were 26 lateral mass screws,26 axoid transarticular screws,24 atlantoaxial transarticular screws and 24 posterior atlantal arch hooks were applied in the 25 patients.All patients were followed up.The follow up duration time was ranging from 10 to 36 months with the mean time of 16.7 months.No spinal injury and vertical artery injury was found. The postoperative JOA score was ranging from 13.6 to 15.9 with the mean score of 14.8 and the improvement rate of 89.5%.All fractures of odontoid process and all bone grafts had solid bone union.No failure and loosening of internal instrument was found.[Conclusion]The two 3D-fixation techniques are effective and reliable.

[Objective]To observe and analyze the clinical results of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) combined with high-signal intensity zone(HIZ) change. [Methods]Forty patients with OPLL combined with HIZ were treated from March 2004 to March 2008.Anterior approach surgery was given to 19 cases as group A and posterior approach surgery was given to 21 cases as group P.All cases were followed up.The pre-and post-operative JOA17 scores and improvement ratio were evaluated.[Results]The mean follow-up time were(19.5?3.4) months in group A and(20.3?4.5) months in group P.The mean improvement ratio were(56.2?8.4)% in group A and(52.2?12.2)% in group P.There were no statistical differences between those of groups A and P.Mean JOA scores at last follow-up were(12.8?0.9) in group A and(11.5?1.6) in group P,with significantly difference.[Conclusion]Treatment of OPLL combined with HIZ is a high risk procedure with limited recovery in neoro-function.Good surgical result could be got with correct judgement of type and location of OPLL,occupation ratio of spinal canal and selection of approach.

Aim: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of secnidazole and its related substances, and to elucidate the structure of the main related substances. Methods: HPLC was performed on an Agilent C_(18) (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0. 1% formic acid solution( 10 : 90). The detection wavelength was set at 320 nm and the column oven was maintained at 30 ℃. The mass spec-trometry detector was equipped with an ESI source with a temperature of 350 ℃, and set at positive ion monito-ring model The spray chamber pressure was 0. 34 MPa. The drying gas flow rate was 10 L/min. Results: Sec-nidazole was completely separated from the impurities. The calibration curve of secnidazole was linear over the range of 0. 10-1 500. 0 μg/mL with the correlation coefficient of 0. 999 9. The contents of secnidazole in the sam-ples were 100.5%, 100.3% and 100.7%, respectively, and those of the related substances were 0.463%, 0. 488% and 0.465%, respectively. The three related substances were identified by HPLC-UV-MS~n as 2-methyl-5-nitroimida-zole and the isomerides of secnidazole, respectively. Conclusion: The developed method is reliable for the quality control and determination of related substances of secnidazole.

Objective To explore the effect of age on neurogenesis of dentate gyrus granule cell and the impact on differentiation of newborn cells in rats.Methods SD rats were selected and divided into 5 groups according age of 7,14,28,60,180 d(n=8),and the neurogenesis of dentate gyrus granule cell in hippocampus with normal development was detected,using 5-bromo-BrdU(BrdU) labled newborn neuron and ?-tubulin protein(TuJ1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) labeled glial cells,and understood the newborn cells to neurons and glial cell differentiation ratio.Results Neurogenesis was found in dentate gyrus granule cell layer with hippocampus of all different age rats.Various forms of cells with a larger nucleus that were round,oval,diamond were distributed over the entire granule cell layer.BrdU-positive cells within each group were 158.07?5.37,141.28?7.27,116.93?9.24,76.56?6.88,41.42?4.45,the number of BrdU-positive cells were reduced with the growth of rats(P0.05);4%-5% newborn cells expressed GFAP.In addition,some of the BrdU-positive cells at the same time did not express TuJ1 or GFAP.Conclusions There are neurogenesis in dentate gyrus granule cell in rats of different age.The new born cells mostly differentzate into granule neuron cell.The capability of cell proliferation are decreased with the growth of age.

Glucose was transported by the large number of hexose transporters in yeast cells. There were 18 hexose transporter genes had been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However,as an excellent expression system,there was no information of these genes had been reported in Pichia pastoris. Based on high homologous recombination efficiency in yeast,we chose G418 resistance for screening,200 bp were cloned from the up and down sequences of HXT1 ORF respectively,then ligated to the 5′ and 3′ end of G418 resis-tance gene for recombination. After electroporation of GS115 spheroplast and screened through different G418 concentration plates,finally we obtained one HXT1 gene deletion mutant named GS115?HXT1. The growth rate and glucose consumption of this mutant were both lower than the wide type.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate ; administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Remission Induction

BACKGROUND:Poly-D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) that was characterized as absorbable,weak cytotoxicity,and adjustable hardness was ideal to be synthetized artificial spinal dura mater.Because of lacking of functional group at the surface of PLGA,it should be modified to fit the demand of satisfied biocompatibility.OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility of PLGA membrane modified by type-Ⅰ collagen and chitosan.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Contrast observation study,which was carded out in the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May to December 2007.MATERIALS:Porous PLGA membrane was provided by Jinan Banzheng Biology-Technology Co.,Ltd.,type-Ⅰ collagen by Sigma Company,USA,chitosan by Shanghai Qisheng Biological Agent Medical Apparatus and Instrument Company,and L929 L cell by Cellular Institute of Shanghai Academy of Life Science,Chinese Academy of Science.METHODS:PLGA membrane (P membrane),PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen composite membrane (PG membrane),PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen/chitosan (9:1) composite membrane (PGC 9:1 membrane) and PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen/chitosan (5:5) composite membrane (PGC 5:5 membrane) were produced through a certain process.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Contact angle,absorption rate and cytotoxicity were tested.Morphological changes of L929 L cell cultured for 1,3,and 7 days were observed under fiberscope.RESULTS:Contact angle was shown as PG membrane＜PGC 9:1 membrane＜PGC 5:5 membrane＜P membrane (P＜0.01 );absorption rate was shown as P membrane＜PGC 5:5 membrane＜PGC 9:1 membrane＜PG membrane (P＜0.01).L929 L cell was characterized as well distribution,expansion and appearance after inoculation of PG membrane,PGC 9:1 membrane and PGC 5:5 membrane.Cytotoxic experiment (MTT methods) showed that,on the 1st day,there was no significant difference in absorbency among groups (P＞0.05).On the 3rd and 7th days,there were significant differences between P membrane and PG membrane or PGC 9:1 membrane,and between PGC 9:1 membrane and PCK2 5:5 membrane (P＜0.05).PGC 9:1 membrane could further improve cell adhesion and proliferation,and PGC 5:5 membrane could inhibit cell proliferation and differentiation.CONCLUSION:Type-Ⅰ collagen and chitosan appended to the exterior of PLGA can enhance the biocompatibility of membrane.In terms of biocompatibility,PLGA/type-Ⅰ collagen/chitosan (9:1) composite membrane can be fit to the qualification as a type of material of artificial spinal dura mater.

BACKGROUND:As a traditional treatment for multilevel cervical myelopathy,nterior long-segmental decompression has the shortcomings of great operative trauma,high difficulty,low fusion rate,etc.,which can affect the postoperative efficacy.OBJ ECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical effects of three different anterior surgeries on multilevel cervical myelopathy.DESIGN:A comparative observation.SETTING:Department of Orthopaedics,Changzheog Hospital,the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-six patients with multilevel cervical myelopathy of 3 consecutive segments,who were surgically treated,were selected from the Department of Orthopaedics,Changzheng Hospital,the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June 1999 to June 2003,including 25 males and 11 females,35-62 years of age,the disease course ranged from 3 to 26 months. According to the clinical manifestations and imaging esults,they were diagnosed as multilevel cervical myelopathy,and they were not suffering from consecutive ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament and ossification of ligamenta flava. Informed contents were obtained from all the patients and their relatives.METHODS:All the patients were grafted with utologous bone. Autologous ilium or cancellous bone excluding vertebral body was filled into titan net or Cage,which were made of titan and characterized by high intensity,tolerance to decay,good biocompatibility,etc. According to the operative manner,the patients were divided into 3 groups:① two-level corpectomy with fusion group(long-segmental decompression group,n =11):There were 4 cases grafted with long-titan net,and 7 cases grafted with autologous iliac bone. Sub-total two-level corpectomy with fusion was performed. ②segmental decompression group(n =16):including 12 cases of titan net+cage graft,4 cases of autologous bone+cage graft. One-level decompression and sub-total single corpectomy with fusion were performed. ③three-level decompression group(n =9):Only discectomy without corpectomy was performed. After complete decompression,3cages were used to fill artificial bone or grafted with autologous bone.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cervical anteroposterior and lateral radiographies,flexion and extension radiograph were reexamined within 1 week and at 3,6 and 12 months postoperatively. The neurological function was assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) scoring method preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. The total score was 17 points,the higher the score,the better the neurological function. The duration of operation,perioperative bleeding amount,length of stay,cost of hospitalization,graft fusion at 3 months postoperatively,improved JOA score at 3 months postoperatively were recorded in the three groups. The occurrence of postoperative complications was observed by means of return visit.RESULTS:All the 36 patients with multilevel cervical myelopathy were involved in the analysis of results. The mean duration of operation,mean perioperative bleeding amount and mean length of stay in the segmental-decompression group and three-level decompression group were obviously fewer or shorter than those in the long-segmental decompression group(P ＜ 0.05),and the average cost of hospitalization was obviously higher than that in the long-segmental decompression group(P ＜ 0.05). The postoperative improved JOA score and graft fusion rate were close among the groups(P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION:Segmental anterior cervical decompression is a recommendable technique for multilevel cervical myelopathy by comprehensively considering the fusion rate,recovery of neurological function,duration of operation,perioperative bleeding and length of stay.