BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a gold standard to treat degenerative cervical syndrome. However, with the increasing application and follow-up data of ACDF, its adverse effects have been shown. In the past 20 years,artificial cervical disc replacement has been widely used in clinic, and the therapeutic effect is favorable.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of cervical disc replacement versus ACDF for cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy.METHODS: A computer-based online search of Medline (1966/2009-06), Embase (1966/2009-06), CBM (2009-06) and CNKI(2009-06), as well as Cochrane Back Group, and Cochrane library were performed to collect randomized controlled trials of cervical disc replacement versus ACDF. Data were evaluated by RevMan4.2.2 for Meta analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 15 studies were included. Meta-analysis indicates that no differences were found in the mean operation time, mean blood loss, mean hospital stay, satisfaction rate, and complication between two groups; the reoperation rate of the disc replacement group was lower than ACDF group in two years postoperation; disc replacement group was more efficient in improving cervical function indexes than ACDF group, and the postoperative SF-36 scores were significantly more than ACDF group. Moreover, postoperative motion range of affected segment was significantly greater in the disc replacement group than the ACDF, and the motion rage of adjacent segment was significantly increased in patients underwent ACDF compared with disc replacement treatment. However, there may be bias, more randomized controlled trials are required.

Objective To investigate the influence of high-level of glucose on the expression of ghrelin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods After 12 h glucose free culturing, the effects of different concentrations of glucose and different incubation times on expressions of ghrelin were observed in HUVECs. ( 1) The cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mmol/L glucose for 2 h, then ghrelin mRNA expression levels were detected by RT-PCR, and the protein levels of ghrelin were detected by ELISA. (2) The cells were treated with 10 mmol/L glucose for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 hours, ghrelin mRNA and protein levels were detected respectively. Results (1) The expression levels of ghrelin mRNA and protein decreased along with increased glucose concentrations, which showed no obvious changes when the glucose was above 15 mmol/L. (2) The expression levels of ghrelin mRNA and protein decreased with the prolonged incubation time. But more than 6 h culturing time showed no further effect on reducing the expression level of ghrelin. Conclusion High levels of glucose can inhibit the expression level of ghrelin, which may be one of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis.

Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Paranasal Sinuses

Objective To establish rat models with Alzheimer's disease(AD) induced by ?-amyloid,and to observe the effects of nicotine on learning and memorizing ability of the rats. Methods Aggregated A?1-40 was injected into the bilateral basal forebrain of the rats.Learning and memorizing ability of the rats were inspected through Morris water maze test.The effects of nicotine on learning and memorizing ability of the rats induced by ?-amyloid peptide were observed. Results The learning and memorizing ability of AD animal models injected aggregated(A?1-40) for 2 weeks decreased(P

Adolescent ; Dermatitis Herpetiformis ; complications ; Esophageal Diseases ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology

Animals ; Genes, BRCA2 ; Genes, erbB-1 ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Genes, p16 ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, ras ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; classification ; genetics ; pathology

Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Neoplasms ; Phosphorylation

Enzymatic hydrolysis of nitrile was performed under mild conditions and afford high efficiency and selectivity,thus being highly potential for the synthesis of optically active carboxylic acids and their derivatives.The type of nitrile-hydrolyzing enzymes and hydrolysis reactions,reaction characteristics,factors influencing the hydrolysis and the prospect for its application to industrial production were reviewed in this paper.

To study the influence of foreign plasmid DNA on spleen metabolism in immune-stimulated mice via the gastrointestinal tract. Mice were oral administered by pipette with 200?g of plasmid pcDNA3 and spleen were isolated at 4h and 18h after oral administration. Total RNA were extracted from spleen and spleen gene expression profile of Balb/c mice was analyzed by using Affymetrix oligonucleotide genechip after oral plasmid pcDNA3 administration. Functional cluster analysis was conducted by Genmapp and MAPPFinder software. By functional cluster analyzing the genes which were up-regulated more than twofolds, Genmapp results showed that plenty of metabolic pathway were induced in spleen after oral administration of plasmid pcDNA3. These metabolic process included purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, protein synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, fatty acid synthesis, Glycolysis, TCA cycle and mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The similar results also took place at 18h after oral administration. The result indicated that foreign plasmid DNA can modulate metabolism process in spleen of mice via the gastrointestinal tract, and may help understand the mechanism of action of foreign plasmid DNA uptaked via the gastrointestinal tract.