Aim To study the effect of the total flavonoids of turpinia arguta seen (TFS) on immune function of rats with adjuvant arthritis. Methods Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced on d0 by intradermal injection of Complete Freund′s Adjuvant (FCA), containing 10 mg heat-inactive BCG in 1ml paraffin oil. On d 28 after immunization, AA rats were killed by cervical decollation. Immune cells (splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages) were obtained, then cultured in vitro with TFS. Some immune indexes were detected respectively such as the splenocytes proliferation and the productions of IL-1 and IL-2 were measured by the method of cell proliferation, the production of prostaglandin E2 was determined by radioimmunoassay. Results Compared with normal groups, the response of splenocytes to ConA and LPS was lowered, IL-2 syn-thesis was decreased, and IL-1 and PGE_2 released from PM? were elevated. TFS (10~ -8 ~10~ -4 mg?L~ -1 ) not only increased splenocytes proliferation, which induced by ConA and LPS, and IL-2 production of splenocytes, but also reduced the elevated productions of IL-1 and PGE_2 released from peritoned macrophate in AA rats in vitro. Conculsion TFS could adjust abnormal immune function in AA rats.

OBJECTIVETo explore syndrome and treatment laws for treating diseases of the pulmonary system by establishing database based on clinical works by modern famous veteran doctors of Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSClinical experience and literature of medical records in clinical works by modern famous veteran doctors of CM were taken as data source. Database was established by fields and program design. On these bases, data mining methods such as frequency analysis, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and correlation laws were performed in syndrome and treatment laws for treating diseases of the pulmonary system.

RESULTSEstablished were database capable of literature searching, information statistics, data mining of modern famous veteran doctors of CM. A total of 34,414 data were input, including medical records and notes 28,045 items (81.49%) and clinical experience 6,369 items (18.51%). In medical records and notes, there were 14,048 items (50.09%) in male and 9,466 items (33.75%) in female, and the ratio of male to female was 1.48:1. There were 4,531 items (16.16%) with no marked gender in medical records or notes. Data mining such as correlation analysis, cluster analysis, factor analysis, correlation laws in more fields could be realized.

CONCLUSIONSMedical records and notes were dominated in data collected in this paper. The prevalence of pulmonary diseases was obviously higher in males than in females. The trend of concentrated manifestations in related fields for pulmonary diseases could be surfed by this database. Diagnosis and treatment laws for treating diseases of the pulmonary system could be found by various adaptive data mining targeting different fields. Multi-variables of symptoms, syndromes, prescriptions, and herbal drugs could be data mined in large samples of clinical literatures.

Data Mining ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Veterans

Recently, novel Psidium meroterpenoids were reported in the guava leaves. According to careful analysis of the spectral data of literatures, the spectroscopic characteristics and biosynthetic pathway of Psidium meroterpenoids were summarized in this paper. The results showed that Psidium meroterpenoids had distinct spectroscopic features and reasonable biosynthetic routines, however the number order of carbon atoms was not consistent in the reported literatures. It was concluded that Psidium meroterpenoids were the characteristic chemical constituents of Psidium guajava Linn.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Psidium ; chemistry ; Spectrum Analysis ; Terpenes ; chemistry

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopigmentation ; diagnosis ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the clinical method of closing defect and regain the sensory on forefoot injury.Methods Lateral tarsal artery,flap was designed as a reverse flow flap to close forefoot de- fect in dorsal lateral foot while perforating branche of lateral tarsal artery as turning point.Lateral cutaneous nerve was inosculated to lateral plantar fascia.Donor site was covered by skin-grafting.Results seventeen cases survived satisfactorily with good shape and regaining sensory.Conclusion Lateral tarsal artery flap can be used in coveraged of forefoot defect.Lateral tarsal artery flap was thin flap with good shape and to regain the sensory of forefoot.

Aim To observe the analgesic effect of doxorubicin ( DOX) on chronic sciatic nerve constric-tion injury (CCI) rat model, and analyze the underly-ing mechanism from the ultrastructure of sciatic nerve ganglion and the expressions of some apoptotic pro-teins.Methods A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group ( Sham ) , CCI model group ( Model ) , sham operation+DOX 5 mg· kg -1 group ( Sham+DOX) , CCI mod-el +DOX 5 mg· kg -1 group (Model+DOX).DOX was given by caudal vein injection after model estab-lishment .Sham group and model group were given the same amount of saline . The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were deter-mined by behavioral test .The ultrastructural changes of L4-5 DRG were examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy , respectively .The pro-tein expression levels of Bax , Bcl-2 , PKCɑ, PKCδand PKCε in DRG tissues were determined by Western blot.Results The fluorescence of DOX was found in DRG after DOX was given intravenously .In compari-son with sham group , the thermal and mechanical pain thresholds had no obvious changes in sham +DOX group, while the thresholds were decreased obviously seven days after surgery in model group .In comparison with model group , the pain thresholds in model +DOX group increased significantly , which lasted for the en-tire observation time of six days .The ultra-structure of tissues was damaged obviously in both sham +DOX group and model+DOX group.The protein expression of Bax/Bcl-2 increased, while the expressions of PKCδand PKCεdecreased with DOX injection .Conclusions DOX can retrograde and reach the DRG tissues after intravenous administration . The attenuation effect of DOX on neuropathic pain is related to the apoptosis in-duced by the down-regulation of PKCδ and PKCε in DRG cells.

OBJECTIVETo test the safety and accuracy of the computer-assisted orthopaedic system for distal locking of intramedullary nails and apply it to internal fixation with intramedullary nails in the lower limb.

METHODSAccording to the theory of mechanical arms stereotactic localization in computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS), we design a CAOS system for distal locking of intramedullary nails. The system comprised 2 independent modules: computer-assisted imaging and registration workstation; mechanical stereotactic framework. Ten plastic tibia models, 20 plastic femur models (Synbone AG, Malans, Switzerland) and 6 human cadaver lower limbs were randomly divided into 2 groups undergoing internal fixation with intramedullary nails (Orthofix, Germany). The first group (CAOS group with 5 plastic tibia models, 10 plastic femur models, 6 human cadaver tibia, 6 human cadaver femur; each nail had 2 holes, and 2 distal locking screws were inserted in each bone, which gave a total number of 54 holes) used a computer-assisted orthopaedic system, the second group (CONTROL GROUP is the same as CAOS group) used Orthofix mechanical targeting device for distal locking. Comparison between 2 groups was made in radiation exposure time, operating time, percentage of correctly placed screws.

RESULTSCAOS group: operating time was (4.44 +/- 2.99) min; radiation exposure time was (1.16 +/- 0.38) min; correctly placed screws rate was (100 +/- 0)%.

CONTROL GROUPoperating time was (10.42 +/- 4.18) min; radiation exposure time was (4.71 +/- 3.86) min; correctly placed screws rate was (94.44 +/- 0.36)%. Operating time and radiation exposure time in CAOS group were significantly shorter than those in control group (P < 0.05), no differences were found between 2 groups in relation to the percentage of correctly placed screws.

CONCLUSIONSBy using CAOS system for distal locking of intramedullary nails, the locking holes can be drilled accurately and safely. Radiation exposure significantly reduced.

Cadaver ; Equipment Design ; Femur ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Random Allocation ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Tibia ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore operative clinical outcomes of proximal humeral fracture with rotator cuff tear in elderly patients.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to August 2014,54 elderly patients with proximal humeral fractures with rotator cuff tear were performed operation, including 30 males and 24 females aged from 68 to 83 years old with an average of 71.5 years old. Thirty patients were caused by falling down, 24 cases were caused by traffic accident. According to Neer classification, 3 cases were part I, 11 cases were part II, 21 cases were part III and 19 cases were part IV. All patients were operated with open reduction and plate internal fixation, 46 cases suffered from rotator cuff tear and carried out repair of rotator cuff; 8 cases were not suffered from rotator cuff tear. Postoperative Neer evaluation of shoulder's function were used to assess clinical results.

RESULTSForty-six patients with rotator cuff tear were followed up from 8 to 21 months with an average of 11 months. All fractures were obtained bone union. No incision infection, axillary nerve injury,loosening screw, plate breakage, shoulder joint dislocation and humeral head osteonecrosis were occurred. According to Neer evaluation of shoulder's function, total score was 88.60 ± 5.12, and 30 cases got excellent results, 7 cases good, 7 cases moderate and 2 cases poor.

CONCLUSIONFor osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures with rotator cuff tear in elderly patients' plate with rivet repair at stage I is an effective stable method, and provide advantages for earlier exercise of shoulder joint, then receive good clinical effects in further.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rotator Cuff Injuries ; Shoulder Fractures ; diagnosis ; surgery

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Ovariectomy ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical results of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) combined with zoledronic acid injection in the treatment of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.

METHODS60 elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures were diagnosed using a dual energy X-ray bone density instrument. Patients were randomly divided into treatment or control groups (30 cases in each group). Patients in both groups were treated by closed/open reduction and internal fixation using PFNA. In the treatment group, patients received one zoledronic phosphonic acid injection of 5 mg/100 ml via intravenous drip, in addition to 600 mg of Caltrate D (qd) and 0.25 mg of alpha ossification alcohol (qd). The control group received 600 mg of Caltrate D (qd) and 0.25 mg of alpha ossification alcohol (qd). The oral drugs were administered for 12 months. Bone pain relief was observed, and changes in the bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar and health-side hip were recorded. Clinical results were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Harris joint function score, and Osteo- porosis Quality of Life Scale (OQOLS).

RESULTSCompared with the control group, bone pain symptoms were significantly alleviated (p < 0.05) in the treatment group. In the treatment and control groups, both between-group and within-group differences in BMD were significantly increased in L1e4, femoral neck and trochanter (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in regard to the involved hip or the total rate of improvement at the end of the follow-up period, although cases in the treatment group had higher OQOLS scores than those of the controls (p = 0.04). Cases in the treatment group healed more quickly than those in the control group [(13 ± 3.2) weeks vs (15 ± 4.6) weeks, p = 0.02]. During the follow-up period, cases in the treatment group had no new fractures, whereas 2 new cases of hip fracture and 2 cases of distal radial fractures were observed among the controls.

CONCLUSIONZoledronic acid injection combined with PFNA is a favorable treatment option for the elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture. It can effectively relieve bone pain, increase bone density, improve quality of life, reduce the occurrence of new fractures and promote fracture healing.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Bone Nails ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diphosphonates ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hip Fractures ; psychology ; therapy ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; administration & dosage ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; psychology ; therapy ; Quality of Life