To explore the effect of [Ca2+]i and neuronal mitochondria transmembrane potentials in hippocampus of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infected mice, newborn Balb/c mice were randomly divided into two groups: a virus inoculated group and a control group. After 56 days, single cell of hippocampus was isolated, and mitochondria transmembrane potentials and the intracellular free calcium level [Ca2+]i in hippocampus were measured by means of flow cytometry (FCM). Compared with the control group, the mitochondria transmembrane potentials was decreased (P<0.01) and the intracellular free calcium level [Ca2+]i was increased (P<0.01) in inoculated group. The dysfunction of [Ca2+]i and mitochondria transmembrane potentials in hippocampus may play an important role in the functional disorders in CMV-infected CNS.

Transforming growth factor-?_1 (TGF-?_) mRNA or protein expression in renal cortex of diabetic rats was assessed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR with SYBR Green,immunohistochemistry or Western blot.After melatonin treatment,the expressions of TGF-?_1 mRNA and protein were decreased,suggesting that beneficial effect of melatonin may result from its antioxidative property and inhibiting TGF-?_1 expressions.

AIM:To study the effect of different surgeries for vision and postoperative complications in leprosy patients with lagophthalmos.METHODS:A retrospective analysis.Totally 68 leprosy patients (97 eyes) with lagophthalmos were selected who treated with different surgeries during May 2007 to September 2015 in our sanatorium.The surgeries included nylon thread correction surgery, tarsorrhaphy, temporalis transposition surgery.We observed and compared the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and the rate of postoperative complications, such as epiphora, lacrimal duct injury, hard to open eyes, infection at the inner and lateral canthus and scar formation of lacrimal apparatus.RESULTS:The effect on BCVA of patients treated with nylon thread correction surgery and tarsorrhaphy:the preoperative and postoperative BCVA was significantly different of the two groups (Z=-4.193,-4.213;P<0.05);the preoperative and postoperative BCVA was not significantly different of the patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery (Z=-1.532, P >0.05).The postoperative complications:(1) epiphora:there was 91% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 89% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 59% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=12.198, P<0.05);(2) lacrimal duct injury:there was 66% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 95% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 41% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=22.415, P<0.05);(3) hard to open eyes:there was 56% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 55% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 22% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.795, P<0.05);(4) infections:there was 84% in patients underwent nylon thread correction surgery, 3% in patients underwent tarsorrhaphy, 11% in patients underwent temporalis transposition surgery, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=60.858, P<0.05).CONCLUSION:There are certain clinical efficacy for lagophthalmos caused by leprosy after surgery, especially patients after temporalis transposition surgery can close eyes by oneself.And their vision does not change significantly, which suggests that this surgery may prevent exposure injury for cornea.But the iatrogenic injury, the vision decrease in patients underwent other surgeries and the ocular tissue damage, such as epiphora, lacrimal duct injury, hard to open eyes, infection at the inner and lateral canthus and scar formation of lacrimal apparatus should be pay more attention to.

Background Scarring of the filtering bleb is a main cause of filtering surgical failure in glaucoma.It has been reposed that tetrandrine could suppress the proliferation of cultured human fibroblast of Tenons capsule in vitro and thus has the potential effect to prevent scarring after the filtering surgery. Objective Present study was to investigate the anti-cicatricial effect of tetrandrine drug delivery system(Tet DDS)during filtration surgery. Methods Filtration surgery was performed in bilateral eyes of 18 New Zealand white rabbits.The Tet DDS with 0.3 mg Tet,0.2 mg Tet or free-Tet were implanted subcunjunctially during the surgery.The filtering blebs were scored in 1 day,4,7,10,14 days after referring to the corneal thickness and bleb range under the slit-lamp biomicroscopy.The morphology of filtering bleb was assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy in 7 and 14 days after operation.The filtering bleb specimen was prepared in 7 and 14 days for the histopathological examination. Results The filtering bleb scores in Tet DDS implantation groups were significantly higher than those in free-Tet DDS group from 4 days through 14 days after trabeculectomy(P＜0.01),and the scores showed a considerably increase in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group compared with 0.2 mg Tet DDS group from 7 days through 14 days after trabeculectomy(P＜0.05).The filtering blebs of Tet DDS implantation groups were found with distinct subepithelial cystic spaces under the light microscopy and in vivo confocal microscopy on the 7th day and 14th day after surgery.Compared with free-Tet DDS group,the numbers of subepithelial mierocysts were much more(P＜0.01)and the area of microcysts was larger(P＜0.01)in Tet DDS group.The filtering tissue presented with more subepithelial microcysts and larger microcysts range in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group than 0.2 mg Tet DDS group in 7 and 14 days after operation(P＜0.05).The inflammatory cell infiltration wag milder in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group in comparison with 0.2 mg Tet DDS group and free-Ted DDS group.Conclusion Tet DDS has strong inhibitory effects on inflammatory cells activity and fibroblagt activity the early stage after filtering surgery and therefore improve the surgery success rate.

The paper reported an investigation of the pharmacokinetics of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin) in rats and the tissue distribution in mice after injection of irinotecan hydrochloride nanoparticles (CPT-11) via tail veins. An LC-MS/MS method was established to determine the concentrations of SN-38 in whole blood of rats and in different tissues of mice. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of SN-38 were compared after the intravenous injection of CPT-11 NPs and CPT-11 solution. Compared with irinotecan solution, the elimination half-life of SN-38 was prolonged from 2.17 h to 2.67 h after the intravenous injection of CPT-11 NPs, but its AUC had little change. After the injection of CPT-11 NPs in mice, over time, the concentrations of CPT-11-metabolized SN-38 in CPT-11 NPs were significantly higher in the whole blood, colon and lungs than those in CPT-11 solution, followed by in the spleen and liver, but those in the heart and brain had no change. However, the amount of SN-38 in the kidneys was reduced with time. CPT-11 NPs could prolong SN-38's (one of its metabolites) blood circulation time in rats and significantly increased the concentration of CPT-11-metabolized SN-38 in the whole blood, colon and lungs of mice. CPT-11 NPs made SN-38 efficiently target-bind to the colon and lungs of mice.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacokinetics ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Colon ; metabolism ; Half-Life ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lung ; metabolism ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Tissue Distribution

Objective To investigate the standardized treatment of 33 children with thalassemia and their family financial burden registered in Bao'an district, Shenzhen city, and to provide basic information for formulating health policy for the government. Methods In 2009, preliminary investigations on 39 registered families with thalassemia children were conducted by telephone, and a household survey was made to collect treatment and economic status by questionnaire on 33 children. Results Among 33 cases of thalassemia children, 21 cases(63.7%) were severe anemia, 5 cases( 15.1%) in need of care or special care, and 25 cases(75.8%) were difficult or unable to maintain standardized treatment. The average family monthly income and expenditure was (4060 ± 2002) and (4926 ± 2991) yuan, respectively. The average monthly treatment costs were (2665 ± 1872) yuan, and the average debt amounted to (64 600 ± 53 940) yuan. Fifteen families[60.0%(15/25)] would reduce the times of blood transfusions or iron transpirations when they encountered revenue deficiency. Conclusions The heavy economic burdens on families with children thalassemia result in inadequate or interrupted treatment on sick children and affect their survival and quality of life, which should be taken more attention and social care.

Objective No uniform standards has been established for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia .The article was to investigate the differentially expressed microRNA ( miRNA) profile and explore its clinical significance . Methods Differentially expressed miRNAs were screened by FlashTag TM Biotin RNA chips and SAM software in serum of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls , then the validation was performed by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) . Results Three differentially expressed miRNAs were screened , including up-regulated hsa-miR-1281 ( fold change =1.50881) and two down-regulated miRNAs:hsa-miR-2861(fold change=0.642) and hsa-miR-638 (fold change=0.516).The com-parative analysis of RT-PCR by SPSS 17.0 Kruskal Wallis H Test validated the expression levels of hsa-miR-2861 and hsa-miR-638 in patients with schizophrenia decreased significantly in comparison to healthy controls (χ2 =4.089,χ2 =4.083, P<0.001).While the expression level of hsa-miR-1281 in patients with schizophrenia was in higher expression level compared with control group (χ2 =5.333, P<0.001). Conclusion There are differentially expressed miRNA profile in serum of patients with schizophrenia , in which miR-1281 , miR-2861 and miR-638 could be new serum markers for diagnosis of schizophrenia .

Objective To study the safety and efficacy of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in elderly patients with biliary and pancreatic diseases under the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Methods 320 patients were enrolled in ERCP operation. Both ERAS elderly group (experimental group A, n = 58, above 75 years) and young and middle-aged group (control group B, n=202,below 60 years)underwent enhanced recovery after surgery,meanwhile traditional elderly group(control group C, n = 60, above 75 years) received traditional perioperative management. It had compared multiple clinical indexes between group A with B and group A with C during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative period. Results The incidence rate of cholangiocarcinoma, multiple complications, nutrition screening ≥ 3 points, ASA scored III degree and Child-Pugh scored A-level in preoperative ERAS elderly patients were higher than that of the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.05); And its incidence rate of nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain,nutritional screening < 3 points and ASA scored I degree were lower than that of the middle-aged group (P < 0.05);the fasting and water- deprivation time of the ERAS elderly group was shorter than that of the traditional elderly group (P < 0.05). The intraoperative operation time of the elderly ERAS group was slightly longer than that of the traditional elderly group (P < 0.05). The duration of electrocardiographic monitoring and the first aerofluxus time of the elderly patients with ERAS were longer than that of the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.05). The success, failure rate, and complication rate of the elderly patients with ERAS were 91.38% (53/58) and 8.62% (5 /58), 3.45% (2/58), meanwhile the young and middle-aged group were 96.53% (195/202), 3.47% (7/202), and 4.95% (10/202), and with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The mild pain in ERAS elderly group was more than that of in traditional elderly group, while the moderate, and severe pain was less than that of traditional elderly group (P < 0.05); The opioid use rate, endoscopic nasobiliary indwelling, first-time ambulation and aerofluxus, total hospitalization, and postoperative hospitalization time of ERAS elderly group was less than the traditional elderly group (P < 0.05). Conclusions With ERAS, the treatment effect of ERCP in elderly patients is similar to that in young and middle-aged people, and it has good safety and effectiveness.

The self-designed experimental teaching method is introduced in detail in this paper,including the preparative work before class,discussion of experimental designing proposal,and accomplishment of specific experiment and so on.The teaching method innovations on pathophysiology experiment are very helpful to cultivate the students' ability to solve practical problem and lay the foundation to cultivate talented medical science personal.

Objective To determine the effect of mild hypothermia on neonatal piglet cardiac hemodynamic function after hypoxia-ischemia (HI).Method Twenty five 7-day-old piglets were used for hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD) model by the method of temporary occlusion of the bilateral carotid arteries and followed by mechanical ventilation with low concentration of oxygen (FiO_2=6%) for 30 minutes.The piglets were randomly divided into three groups:group A (normothermia with body temperature to 39℃,n=9),group B (body temperature to 36℃for 72 hours,n=8),and group C (body temperature to 34℃for 72 hours,n=8).Mild hypothermia was initiated at 4 hours after HI,the systolic and diastole function were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography at pre-HI,post-Hi 4 hours and post-HI 72 hours.Results There were no significant differences in left ventrieular ejection time/left ventrieular ejection time (LPEP/LVEF),right ventricular ejection acceleration time/right ventricular ejection time (RACT/RVET) and CO at post-HI with hypothermia 72 hours in three groups,but the heart rate decreased in B and group C group.Compared with nonnothermia,mild hypothermia treatment showed no significant differences in MAP,LPEP/LVET,RACT/RVET,CO,SV at post-HI with hypothermia 72 hours.Conclusions Body temperature decreased by 3～5℃for 72 hours will not aggravate hemodynamic abnormity.