To solve separating problem of natural soda, fifty-seven strains screened from soil, floul water and activated mud were of flocculating activity. Two strains of bacteria, which were screened from above mentioned strains have higher activity and better steady than the whole culture liquid of bacteria was observed that its flocculating use to natural soda was strong and the mean flocculating rate of two strains were 79.80% and 87.% respectively.

ABSTRACT:Objective To construct V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 4 (Vsig4)nanobodies (Nbs) as specific macrophage probes so as to use them as molecular probes of macrophagocytes.Methods A nanobody phage library was generated by using peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from an alpaca immunized with recombinant Vsig4 protein.After three rounds of selection against recombinant Vsig4.The Nbs were subjected to sequencing and genome alignment to obtain VHH sequence.Nbs were isolated and tested for Vsig4 specificity in an ELISA using recombinant Vsig4.The affinity capacity of Nbs was verified by the cell line stably expressing Vsig4. Results A nanobody phage library with an estimated 7.27 × 107 clones with 70% insertion was successfully constructed.Totally 1 3 6 Vsig4-positive clones were sequenced and aligned according to different CDR3 sequences. In summary,1 5 Vsig4 nanobodies were obtained and grouped into 3 different CDR3 epitopes.The affinity of representing nanobody and Vsig4 was analyzed via ELISA;Nb1 1 9 showed the highest affinity against both recombinant and native Vsig4.Conclusion We successfully constructed and screened Vsig4 specific nanobody number 1 1 9 with high affinity and specificity.It can help with macrophage detection and in vivo monitoring.

Immunologic classification of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) was carried out by using 11 - 13 kinds of monoclonal antibodies against human leucocyte differentiation antigens in 19 cases. The results showed that of these 19 cases, there were T-ALL in 4, B-ALL in 4, C-ALL in 7, AUL in 2 and hybrid type of ALL (H-ALL) in 2. The 5 types mentioned above could also be classified, according to the immunologic criteria described by Foon in 1986, into 3 major groups: T-ALL, non-T-ALL and H-ALL. The Foon's classification method is useful for judgement of malignant cell source and differentiated stage, and for further understanding the nature of ALL cells.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system due to the loss or death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Clinically, levodopa is the most effective and commonly used drug for PD treatment. However, long-term levodopa therapy is prone to motor complications and other side effects caused by excessive peripheral dopamine production, which has become an urgent problem to be solved in PD treatment. Dopamine receptor (DR) agonists are similar to dopamine. They can directly stimulate postsynaptic dopamine receptors, produce the same effect as dopamine, delay the application of levodopa as much as possible, and reduce complications caused by long-term use of levodopa. Therefore, screening effective dopamine receptor agonists has become a key issue in the study and treatment of PD. In order to establish a rapid, stable and reliable method for dopamine receptor agonist screening, this study used the human dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) gene fused with a circular permuted EGFP (cpEGFP) to construct a recombinant gene, packaged with lentiviral vector, and the vector replaced the parted inner transmembrane domain of the third intracellular loop (ICL3) of genetically-encoded GPCR-activation based (GRAB) sensors. The fluorescence of GPCR-fused cpEGFP is regulated by conformational changes mediated by the interaction of dopamine receptor agonists with GPCRs without altering GPCR activity. The HEK293T cells were infected with viral vector, screened by puromycin to select highly expressed cells. Dopamine receptor agonists (including dopamine, bromocriptine mesylate, cabergoline, pramipexole) were used as positive drugs to explore the best screening and detection conditions, establishing a stable model to evaluate the dopamine receptor agonist. The results showed that the optimal filter for the dopamine receptor agonist in this study was the cell seeding count of 7×10⁴, and the effective concentration of the positive drug was 1-100 µmol·L^-1. In addition, pretreated with 10 µmol·L^-1 dopamine receptor antagonists (including chlorprothixol hydrochloride, domperidone, and sulpiride), the positive fluorescence signal of overexpressed DRD2-cpEGFP HEK293T cells could not be detected when exposed to 10 µmol·L^-1 dopamine receptor agonists, which proved that dopamine receptor antagonists could block the activity of dopamine receptor agonists, so they cannot activate dopamine receptor allosteric, indicating that the model has good specificity and can also be used for the screening and detection of new dopamine receptor antagonists. In summary, the study constructs a stable dopamine sensor detection system, which can effectively screen potential dopamine receptor agonists. The operation procedures are simple and rapid. And it can be used for a large-scale screening providing a fundamental methodology for drug development and PD treatment targeted on DRD2.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation under different temperature conditions and the protective effects of Vitamin E (Vit E) against endothelial injury induced by hypothermia.

METHODSThe tail arterial rings were prepared for isometric tension recording using multi wire myograph system. The effect of temperature on relaxation and construction was evaluated. Incubate the arterial rings with different concentration of Vit E when they were exposed to hypothermia, then acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation was investigated to evaluate the activity of endothelial.

RESULTS(1) The hypothermia could enhanced the dose-dependent construction induced by PE in mice tail artery. (2) Exposure to hypothermia also resulted in increase of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced re-After incubation with Vit E, the vascular relaxation responses to ACh increased in an endothelium-dependent manner, when compared with the hypothermia-treated group.

CONCLUSIONThe vascular function of constriction was attenuated by hypothermia, while the relaxation was increased. Vit E could prevent the hypothermia-induced decrease in vascular endothelial cells.

Animals ; Arteries ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cold Temperature ; Hypothermia ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Prazosin ; pharmacology ; Solanaceous Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Vasoconstriction ; drug effects ; Vasodilation ; drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology ; Vitamin E ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the advantages and disadvantages of dual energy with dual-source computed tomography (CT) in cerebral angiography by comparing those of neuro-digital subtraction angiography (Neuro-DSA) .

METHODSTotally 300 patients with normal CT angiography (CTA) images underwent dual energy CT angiography (DE-CTA groups, n=200) and Neuro-DSA scan (Neuro-DSA groups, n=100) using dual source CT. The comparison of two scan approaches was based on image quality, radiation does, post-processing methods, and duration of scanning and subtraction.

RESULTSThe image quality of intracranial blood vessels in DE-CTA group showed no significant difference with that in Neuro-DSA group (P>0.05) , while the number of Grade I images was significantly higher than those of other three grades (P<0.01) . However, the effect of the skull base bone removal with Neuro-DSA is superior to DE-CTA (P<0.01) . The duration of scanning was significantly longer in DE-CTA group than in Neuro-DSA group (P<0.01) . However, the radiation dose, time of entire examination, and time of subtraction were significantly lower/shorter in DE-CTA group than in Neuro-DSA group (P<0.01) . The radiation dose of DE-CTA group is 26.3% lower than Neuro-DSA group.

CONCLUSIONSThe image quality of intracranial blood vessels with head DE-CTA is same as Neuro-DSA, while head DE-CTA has lower radiation doses and higher inspection efficiency than Neuro-DSA. However, the effect of the skull base bone removal needs to be improved.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; methods ; Cerebral Angiography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiation Dosage ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

To established an effective GC-MS /MS method for the contents determination of the residual DEHP in injection equipment, and investigate the effect of the pretreatment on the measurement. To simulate the clinical conditions of use, under the condition of 37 degrees C balance extraction, extract liquor by chloroform extraction, then the extract followed by analysis of GC-MS /MS. The method was simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate. The limits of quantitation (LOQ, S/N = 5) of cyclohexanone was 0.075 μg/mL, The spiked average recoveries ranged from 92% to 98%. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the method ranged from 1.01% to 1.61%, The method was simple, fast, sensitive and accurate, and may serve as a mass control method for residual DEHP in injection equipment.
Cyclohexanones ; chemistry ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; chemistry ; Equipment Contamination ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Injections ; instrumentation ; Limit of Detection ; Plasticizers ; chemistry

Hide melting presents itself as one of the most critical processes in the production of donkey-hide gelatin. Here a NIR-based method was established for the rapid analysis of in-process hide melting solutions as well as for end-point determination of this process. Near infrared (NIR) spectra of hide melting solutions were collected in transflective mode. With the contents of total nitrogen determined by the Kjeldahl method as reference values, partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed to build calibration models between NIR spectra and total nitrogen. Model parameters including wavelength range and PLS factors were optimized to achieve best model performance. Based on the contents of total nitrogen predicted by calibration model, end point of hide melting was determined. The constructed PLS model gave a high correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.991 3 and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.807 g x L(-1). With the predicted total nitrogen and predefined limit, decisions concerning the proper times of melting were made. This research demonstrated that NIR transflectance spectroscopy could be used to expeditiously determine the contents of total nitrogen which was subsequently chosen as the indictor for determining the end-point of hide melting. The proposed procedure may help avoid unnecessary raw material or energy consumption.
Animals ; Calibration ; Endpoint Determination ; methods ; Equidae ; anatomy & histology ; Gelatin ; chemistry ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; chemistry ; Skin ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Time Factors ; Transition Temperature

Objective To investigate the clinical results of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) technique during the peri-operative heart transplantation. Methods The clinical data of heart transplantations supported by the ECMO were retrospectively analyzed, including during the bridge to transplant, working as routine bypass in the operation room, and supporting the heart failure after surgery. Results Three 3 cases were supported with ECMO to extend the waiting time: 2cases died of multi organ failure during the waiting, and the third one received the heart transplant and the ECMO was successfully removed. Totally 12 cases of heart transplantation received the modified open style ECMO techniques replacing the routine bypass. The ECMO was removed after assistance for (38 ± 14) h. All the recipients except one death recovered well without right ventricular failure or obvious tricuspid regurgitation which was common after heart transplantation. Ten cases received ECMO support for the heart failure after the transplant. The initial application time ranged from 2 h to 2 days and lasted 43～176 h. One died of infection and two died of multi organ failure nothing to do with ECMO application and other 7 discharged with NYHA Ⅰ/Ⅱ cardiac function. Conclusion Early use of ECMO could safely bridge the heart failure patients to the transplant. Replacing the routine with ECMO techniques in the heart transplantation could get good myocardial protection results even with long cold ischemic time and improve the cardiac function recovery. For the heart failure patients after the surgery the ECMO could afford good support effect.

Objective To compare the mid-term results of video-assisted pulmonary veins isolation and box-lesion for lone atrial fibrillation.Methods Between June 2010 to November 2012,80 lone atrial fibrillation(LAF) patients underwent minimally invasive surgical ablation in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,and all of them received left atrial appendage excision and Marshall ligament break in the surgery.Among them,37 cases were performed two epicardial ablation lines in order to created box-lesion based on PVI(14 paroxysmal AF and 23 persistent AF).Follow-up was finished after discharge.Results Mean follow-up was(18.8 ± 7.4) months,and 2 patients were died with non-cardiac disease.The success rate is 78.8％ (Paroxysmal AF 87.9％;Persistent AF 72.3％).In the paroxysmal AF patients,the success rate for PVI and Box lesion treatment was 84.6％ (11/13) and 92.9％ (13/14),P =0.45;in the persistent AF patients,the success rate for PVI and Box-lesion was 58.3％ (14/24) and 87.5％ (14/16),P =0.04.Conclusion Addition of epicedial ablation lines might increase the cure rate for lone AF therapy,especially for persistent AF.