Adult ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; Humans ; Male

An antibiotic-producing bacterium, which was numbered as 20 #-5, was separated from the soil in Chongqing. It was identified as the member of pseudomonas. Gram positive bacteria are badly suppressed by it. The antibiotic secreted by 20 #-5 can endure 100℃ for half an hour, and it can also go through the ultrafiltration membrane with pores of 0.22?m.

Ribavirin is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent and glycyrrhizin has activities of anti-inflammation, immunoregulation and anti-viral infections. To enhance antiviral efficacy and weaken side-effects of ribavirin, antiviral effects of the combination of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin were studied in the present study. Firstly, a mouse model of viral pneumonia was established by inoculation of influenza H1N1 virus. Protective effects of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin used alone or in combination against H1N1 virus infection in mice were evaluated based on the survival rate, lung index and virus titer in lungs of mice. Results showed that the combination of glycyrrhizin and ribavirin significantly inhibited the lung consolidation with a 36% inhibition ratio on the lung swell of infected mice. The combination of the two drugs exhibited synergetic effects on survival of infected mice. The combination of 50 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) glycyrrhizin and 40 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) ribavirin resulted a 100% protection for infected mice with a synergetic value of 36, which was significantly higher than the control group and each drug alone. This combination also resulted a significant drop of lung virus titer (P < 0.01), as well as inhibition on the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P < 0.01), TNF-α (P < 0.01) and IL-1β (P < 0.05) induced by virus infection compared to the control. The treatment of ribavirin plus glycyrrhizin was more effective in influenza A infection in mice than either compound used alone, which suggested a potential clinical value of the combination of the two agents.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Synergism ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; pharmacology ; Inflammation ; immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; drug effects ; Interleukin-1beta ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; virology ; Mice ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; Ribavirin ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology

3-8 years old group(group C2) with 50 cases] were detected.A gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue(GnRHa) stimulation test was performed in 140 girls with IPT.The 140 girls were divided into 3 groups:IPT group,CPP group,and peripheral precocious puberty group(PPP group).Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitneg tests were performed on the data between every groups.Results For basal LH levels,there were significant diffe-rences between IPT1 group and group C1,among IPT2 group,CPP group and group C2(Pa0.05).For peak LH/FSH ratios,there was significant difference between IPT2 group and CPP group(P

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Yiqi Huoxue recipe (YHR), a Chinese herbal medicine for supplementing Qi, activating blood circulation to remove stasis, on vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and its molecular mechanism.

METHODSVascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation activity and collagen turnover rate were detected by 3H-TdR test and hydroxyproline amount determined by 3H-Pro incorporation. Expression activity of MMP-2 and osteopontin genes was detected by Northern blotting and MMP-2 zymography analysis.

RESULTSYHR could markedly inhibit VSMC collagen synthesis stimulated by blasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and lower the collagen turnover rate induced by vascular de-endothelialization. The expression level of MMP-2 and osteopontin genes was down-regulated by YHR in cultured VSMC and vascular wall with endothelial injury, and VSMC proliferation was inhibited by the serum obtained from YHR treated rats. Removing protein from the drug serum made no change on the effect of YHR to VSMC.

CONCLUSIONYHR could inhibit and/or retard ECM remodeling through regulating the expression of MMP-2 and osteopontin genes and lowering the collagen turnover rate.

Animals ; Aorta ; cytology ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Extracellular Matrix ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteopontin ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sialoglycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study the relationship between coronary arteriographic and fluorescence fundus angiographic characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease.Methods The study was carried out by the analysis of the data from coronary arteriography and fluorescence fundus angiography in 203 type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease in different groups divided according to age or total cholesterol level. Logisitic regression analysis was applied to explore various risk factors to angiographic characteristics.Results With advancing age,there were more involvement of 3 coronary vessels or the left main branch along with stageⅢretinopathy,but less single vessel diseases in the coronary arteries and less stageⅠretinopathy.The difference in coronary angiographic and fluorescence fundus angiographic characteristics between groups with different total cholesterol levels was not significant.Logistic regression analysis suggested that coronary artery diaease was related to age,sex and blood glucose and triglyceride levels while diabetic retinopathy was related to blood glucose level and age.Conclusion There is great difference in coronary arteriography and fluorescence fundus angiography among different age groups.Aging may aggravate the lesions both in the coronary arteries and fundal vessels in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart diseease.

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and treatment of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

METHODSThe clinical data of 12 infants with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSConvulsion, cyanosis, lethargy, refusing milk sucking, irritability and sweating were common symptoms. The laboratory findings displayed persistent hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinism in all of the 12 infants. The glucagon test showed positive and no urine ketones were detected in all of the 12 infants. Seven infants were treated with oral diazoxide (5-15 mg/kg daily) and 4 infants showed effective to the therapy. One patient was given subtotal pancreatectomy and the blood glucose level was restored to normal after operation. Of the 12 infants, 6 presented psychomotor retardation in a follow-up of 2 months to 67 months, 3 had loss to follow-up and 3 were still in a follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe measurement of blood glucose, blood insulin and urinary ketons is helpful in the diagnosis of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. Diazoxide therapy is effective in some of patients.

Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Hypoglycemia ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; blood ; Ketones ; blood ; Male

Colectomy ; Colonic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes/pathology* ; Robotic Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVETo clarify the effects and mechanisms of homoharringtonine (HHT) monomer therapy or combination therapy with arsenic trioxide (ATO) on human multiple myeloma (MM) cell line RPMI 8226 in in vitro researches.

METHODSEffects of HHT, ATO, and HHT combined ATO on the growth of MM cell line RPMI 8226 were detected using MTT assay. The morphological changes of cell apoptosis were detected by Hoechst staining. The early apoptosis rate was detected using flow cytometry. Expressions of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-xl, and AKT protein were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSHHT and ATO inhibited the proliferation of RPM1 8226 cell line in a time- and dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Synergistic effects was shown in the combination group (Cl < 1). HHT and ATO induced the apoptosis of RPMI 8226 in a dose-dependent manner with typical morphological changes of apoptosis and higher early stage apoptosis rate. The enhancement in apoptotic induction was seen when two agents were combined. HHT activated expressions of Caspase-3 and PARP in a dose dependent manner at 24 h. HHT at 40 ng/mL and ATO at 8.5 micromol/L could significantly activate expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, and down-regulate expressions of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xl and Mcl-1. In addition, the combination therapy of HHT at 40 ng/mL and ATO at 8.5 micromol/L inhibited phosphorylation of AKT in a time-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONHTT, ATO, and combination therapy of HHT and ATO induced the apoptosis of RPMI 8226 cell line possibly through activating Caspase pathways, regulating expressions of Bcl-2 families, and inhibiting phosphorylation of AKT.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Harringtonines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; metabolism ; Oxides ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; bcl-X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of API2-MALT1 mRNA in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, to investigate the expression pattern of API2-MALT1 variants, and to correlate the findings with the clinicopathologic features and prognosis.

METHODSSixty-two cases of MALT lymphoma (10 from lung, 31 from stomach, 9 from intestine and 12 from thyroid), 32 cases of extranodal DLBCL (16 from stomach, 13 from intestine and 3 from thyroid), 8 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 5 cases of reactive lymph nodes hyperplasia as negative controls were collected. The expression of API2-MALT1 mRNA was studied in all cases by reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR. The 94 cases of lymphoma were subdivided into API2-MALT1-positive and API2-MALT1-negative groups. Among the patients, 78 were followed up for 6 to 120 months. The differences in clinicopathologic features and prognosis between the two groups were analyzed.

RESULTSAPI2-MALT1 transcripts were detected in 39 of the 94 lymphoma cases (with 28 cases being MALT lymphoma and 11 cases being extranodal DLBCL). mRNA expression was not detected in all cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the negative controls. Two fusion gene variants, A1446-M1123 and A1446-M814 were found, and A1446-M1123 expression was more common. As for MALT lymphoma cases, the frequency of the fusion gene expression was lower in thyroid, when compared with that in lung, stomach and intestine. API2-MALT1-positive cases had tumors in an earlier stage with milder infiltration of cancer cells, lower relapse rate, and higher five-year survival rate.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of API2-MALT1 mRNA can be detected in both MALT lymphoma and extranodal DLBCL, but not in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. These cases tend to show a more indolent clinical course and better survival. The frequency of t (11; 18) (q21; q21) correlates with the primary sites of MALT lymphoma. The higher incidence of breakpoint at 1123 bp of MALT1 gene in Chinese people may be due to geographical variation.

Caspases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genetic Variation ; Hashimoto Disease ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 Protein ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Neoplasm Staging ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Survival Rate