Dry age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a prevalent form of irreversible blindness worldwide in the elderly population with an increasing incidence in China.It is found that some dry AMD will develop to wet AMD and therefore damage visual function.Pathogenesis of AMD is below understand now,but it is thought to be related to the light-induced ocular damage,oxidative stress response,extracellular disposition and immunology.Up to now,effective and safe prevention and treatment methods of AMD are still studying,especially wet AMD,but the concern on dry AMD is not enough.Some basic and clinical pharmaceutics researches on AMD include antioxidants,anti-extracellular disposition drugs and anti-inflammatory agents.With the rise of aging population,we should pay special attention to the research on pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of dry AMD.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blast Injuries ; complications ; Deafness ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the characteristics of early changes in serum IL-17 and IFN-γ levels in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods 70 hospitalized elderly patients with AMI and 35 healthy people were selected.Serum level of interleukin-17 (IL 17) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Serum levels of IL17 and IFN-γ showed increasing trends in elderly patients with AMI as compared with that in control group,but there were no significant differences between the two group [(35.73 30.28) pg/ml vs.(28.70±17.12) pg/ml,(15.29±14.64) pg/ml vs.(11.38±10.10) pg/ml,t=0.144 and 0.138,P=0.365 and 0.377].There were correlations between serum IL-17 and IFN γ levels in patients with AMI and controls(r=0.936 and 0.989,both P=0.00).Serum levels of IL-17 or IFN-γhad no significant differences between AMI patients with well and poor prognosis [(35.43± 34.36) ng/L vs.(36.11±30.16) ng/L,(13.90±13.98) ng/L vs.(15.99±14.14) ng/L,U=0.266 and 0.166,P=0.687 and 0.668].Conclusions Serum IL-17 level has an increasing trend in AMI patients within 24h,but has no statistical significant.Serum IL 17 level has a significantly positively correlation with serum IFN γ level in the elderly,but serum levels of IL-17 or IFN γ have no significant correlations with short term prognosis in elderly patients with AMI.

Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Cadmium Poisoning ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; urine ; Disease Models, Animal ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; etiology ; surgery ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical ; methods

Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Liver Transplantation ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic

Objective To observe and analyse the application effect and value of problem based learning (PBL) combined evidence-based learning (EBL) in emergency medicine clinical teaching.Methods A total of 53 clinical medicine students were selected.The combined teaching method was applied in emergency clinical teaching.After the end of the teaching,the teaching effectiveness survey and theory test of the combined teaching group was performed,and the theory test scores was compared with the traditional teaching group.Results The combined teaching method could stimulate learning enthusiasm,improve learning efficiency,the abilities of selfstudy,literature retrieval,and the ability to analyze and solve problems.77.4％ of students thought this new teaching method had good application value in clinical teaching.Furthermore,the excellent rate of the theory test scores combined teaching group was better than traditional teaching group (41.5％ vs 15.6％,x2 =7.868,P =0.007).Conclusions The PBL joint EBL pedagogy can overcome diadvantages of tradional teaching and provide higher interest,ability of self-study as well as higher teaching quality of the medical students.It will be worth to spread in medical clinical teaching.

Vitreo-retinal surgery is one of the effective methods in treating severe vitreoretinopathy.However,there remains great variance in surgical quality,outcomes and success rates among hospitals of different areas in China.This article focuses on how to im- prove in surgical outcomes and success rate as well as to avoid complications of vitreo-retinal surgery.Specific issues are addressed on such as indications and timing of vitreo-retinal surgery,management of pre-operative patients,applications of new appliances and mate- rials,maneuver of surgical techniques and nurturing appropriate habits of surgery.

Objective: To develop parental punishment style the questionnaire. Methods: Based upon previous literature about parental punishment style and expert interview, data were collected for the parental punishment style questionnaire. A sample of 1028 junior high school students were asked to complete the questionnaire and 158 of them was given retest after a month. Results: Taken from the questionnaire by exploratory factor analysis four factors were compatible. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the data. The internal consistency reliability of father and mother questionnaire was satisfactory, with Cronbach ? coefficient 0.91; and the test-retest reliability was also satisfactory, with test-retest correlation coefficient 0.88 and 0.89, which showed good content validity and high construct validity. Conclusion: The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and meets the need of psychometrics.