Objective To clarify the effective location of propofol in central nervous system (CNS) by detection of the c-jun expression after propofol-induced anesthesia in rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control (C), low-dose propofol group (50 mg/kg, P 1), middle-dose propofol group (100 mg/kg, P 2), high-dose propofol group (150 mg/kg, P 3), stimulation with tail broken group (S 1), and propofol + stimulation with tail broken group (S 2). The expressions of nucleoprotein JUN in the CNS were detected by immunohistochemisty. Results Rather weakly stained nucleoprotein JUN positive neurons were observed in the supraoptic nucleus, lateral septal nucleus, and lateral habenular nucleus in the control group. In groups P 1, P 2, and P 3, the expressions of nucleoprotein JUN were increased significantly as compared with those in the control group. The expressions were mainly located in the accumbent nucleus, lateral septal nucleus, periventricular hypothalamic nucleus, ventral lateral geniculalaten nucleus, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, anteroventral preoptic nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, supramammillary nucleus, basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, lateral habenula nucleus, and islands of Calleja. The expressed positive neuron number was positively correlated with the doses of propofol. Conclusion Propofol anesthesia has the determined sites of action in rat CNS.

Objective To observe the influence of taurine supplementation during early postnatal life on body weight and ultrastructure of islet ? cells in neonatal rats with low birth weight(LBW).Methods LBW neonatal rats were made by feeding 20%(C group) or 10%(R group) protein diet to fetal rats during gestation and lactation.Half of femal rats in group R were given a supplementation with 2.5% taurine drinking water(RT group) only during lactation,while other femal rats freely drunk.At postnatal day 1 and 21,the neonatal rats were weighted and their pancreas were removed.The ultrastructural changes of ? cells were observed by electron microscopy.Results At postnatal 21 days,the body weight of offsprings in group RT was significantly highter than that in group R(P=0.003);and the ultrastructure of ? cells in group RT got more improvement than that in group R.Conclusion Taurine supplementation can improve the growth-catch-up and the ultrastructure of islet ? cells of neonateal rats with LBW.

Objective To develop a system based on wireless communication technology for psychometric questionnaire test.Methods The system was composed of one base station connected to the computer and multiple handsets.Low-power-consumption MSP430F149 and MSP430F123A were used in the base station and the handset respectively as the control unit.LSD-RF1100-A433 based on RF CC1100 was used as wireless data communication unit.By scanning each handset in sequence,the communication between the base station and the handset was realized.Then the base station could receive data which participants selected from the handsets and then sent to computer.The base station was connected to the computer through USB interface.Results Experiments showed that the system was reliable and antijamming.Conclusion The psychometric system,with the decreased weight and volume by wireless technology,can be used for large-scale psychological examination and personnel selection in some special industries.

Objective To clarify the effective location of propofol in central nervous system (CNS). Methods Forty-two Wistar rats were ramdomized into control group,50 mg/kg propofol,100 mg/kg propofol,150 mg/kg propofol,tail shearing,propofol followed by tail shearing (n=7 in each group). The NOS expressions in the CNS were recorded by NADPH-d histochemistry after anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of propofol. Results Rather widely stained NOS positive neurons were observed in the control group. In propofol groups,the NOS expressions were decreased significantly as compared with the control group,mainly located in ACB,LS,Pe,VLG,Den,SO,SCh,AVPO,Sol,SuM,BL,PV,LHb and Icj,showing a negative dose-effect relation with propofol. Conclusion Propofol has the determined sites of action in CNS and the decrease of NO synthesis by the inhibition of NOS may play a role in propofol-induced general anesthesia.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the feasibility and safety of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), and to compare surgical results of VATS with standard median sternotomy (MS) and other minimal invasive approaches through various small incisions (SI).

METHODSTotally 111 patients underwent surgery for thymic disorders (maximun diameter ≤ 5 cm, clinical stage I-II for thymic tumors) during March 2010 to June 2012 was retrospectively reviewed. There were 46 male and 65 female patients with a mean age of (51 ± 15) years.Resection via VATS was carried out in 47 patients, via SI in 26 patients, and via MS in 38 patients. Demographic characteristics, operation time, number and cause of conversion, blood loss during operation, duration and amount of chest tube drainage, transfusion, morbidity, and length of hospital stay (LHS) were compared between the three groups.

RESULTSOf the 111 patients, 79 patients had thymic epithelia tumors (stage I 32 patients, stage II 39 patients, stage III 8 patients), 31 patients had benign cysts and 1 patient had tuberculosis.In the VATS group, there were 3 conversions among 38 patients through right-side approach, and 4 conversions among 9 patients through left-side approach. The causes for conversion included dense pleura adhesion, invasion of tumor into adjacent structures (pericardium, lung, or great vessels), and injury of the left inominate vein. There was no significant difference in operative time, blood loss or transfusion during operation, duration or amount of postoperative chest tube drainage among the 3 groups (P > 0.05). Average LHS was significantly shorter in the VATS group (5.7 ± 1.7) days than in the SI group (7.5 ± 2.2) days and the MS group (8.2 ± 1.9) days (F = 3.759, P = 0.002). Total thymectomy was performed in 74 patients, 25 patients (53.2%, 25/47) in VATS group, 11 patients (42.3%, 11/26) in SI group, and 38 patients (100%, 38/38) in MS group. The reset of the patients received tumor resection and partial thymectomy. Among all the subgroups, LHS was the shortest in VATS total thymectomy patients (5.0 ± 1.4) days (F = 5.844, P = 0.001). There was no perioperative mortality. The only major morbidity was a postoperative bleeding necessitating reintervention in SI group.

CONCLUSIONSVATS for benign thymic lesions and early-stage thymic tumors is safe and feasible.It is associated with shorter hospital stay compared with other minimal invasive approaches or standard sternotomy.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Thymectomy ; methods ; Thymoma ; surgery ; Thymus Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To semiquantify salivary gland damage after 131I treatment in patients post thyroidectomy using salivary gland scintigraphy. Methods Fifty-six patients underwent salivary gland scintigraphy 6 months after 131I ablation therapy following thyroidectomy, including 21 with both baseline (before 131I treatment) and follow-up (6 months after the 1st 131I treatment) imaging. Salivary gland function was quantified by uptake ratios at 4 minutes (UR4) and 15 minutes (UR15), and excretory index at maximum secretion (MS), time duration from stimulation to minimum count (Tmin ). Paired t test was used for the 21 patients with both baseline and follow-up imaging. All the studies were divided into four groups: before 131I therapy, after 1st therapy, after 2nd therapy, and after 3rd or more times of therapy. Group differences were evaluated by the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between the parameters and times of therapy. Results After the 1st 131I therapy, UR15 for the left and right parotid glands were 16% and 14% lower than the baseline, respectively (t=2.188, 3.322, both P<0.05). All the other parameters were not significantly different from those of baseline (t: -0.952 to 2.039, all P>0.05). Among the four groups, significantly different parameters for both parotid glands were found: UR4, UR15, MS for the left parotid of the four groups were 1.76±0.29, 2.60±0.38, (72.8±24.2)%; 1.55±0.34, 2.15±0.51, (64.4±21.6)%; 1.55±0.40, 2.02±0.68, (57.2±34.2)%; 1.45±0.33, 1.69±0.46, (30.6±36.9)%; respectively (F values for UR4 and UR15 were 7.018, 3.112 and H value for MS was 12.240, all P<0.05). UR4, UR15, MS for the right parotid were 1.81±0.33, 2.57±0.51, (69.1±18.5)%; 1.61±0.38, 2.19±0.59, (64.2±25.0)%; 1.60±0.42, 2.00±0.62, (53.2±41.7)%; 1.48±0.38, 1.63±0.29, (26.1±45.9)%, respectively (F=13.393,10.194,H=26.569,all P<0.05). However, no statistical differences were P>0.05). According to pair-pair comparison, only the degree of reduction of UR15 for parotid glands was significantly different between the 1st and 2nd therapy (P<0.05). UR4, UR15, MS for bilateral parotid glands reduced significantly after 3 or more times of therapy (all P<0.05).The parametres UR4, UR15, MS were correlated with times of 131I therapy (r:-0.296 to -0.566, all P<0.05). Conclusions Salivary uptake function is impaired slightly after the 1st radioiodine therapy. After several times of therapy, both parotid uptake and excretion functions are impaired. Submandibular functions are not affected even after repeated 131I therapy.

To discover novel fluoroquinolone lead compounds as possible anti-infective or/and antitumor chemotherapies, combination principle of pharmacophore-based drug design, a series of novel tricyclic fluoroquinolone title compounds, [1,2,4]triazino[3,4-h][1,8]naphthyridine-8-one-7-carboxylic acid derivatives ( 5a-5p), were designed and synthesized with a fused [1,2,4]-triazine ring unit. Their structures were characterized by spectral data and elemental analysis and the in vitro antibacterial and anti-cell proliferation activities were also evaluated. The results showed that the titled compounds exhibited more significant inhibitory activities against drug-resistant bacteria (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multi drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains) and three tested cancer cell lines (human hepatoma SMMC-7721, murine leukemia L1210 and human murine leukemia HL60 cells). Interestingly, SAR showed that compounds with electron-donating groups attached to benzene ring had stronger antibacterial activity than antitumor activity, but electron-withdrawing compounds displayed more potential antitumor activity than antibacterial activity, especially antitumor activity of nitro compounds was comparable to comparison doxorubicin. Thus, novel triazine-fused tricyclic fluoroquinolones as potent anti-infective or/and antitumor lead compounds are valuable to pay attention and for further development.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Carboxylic Acids ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Design ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Fluoroquinolones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia L1210 ; Liver Neoplasms ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Mice ; Naphthyridines ; Triazines

To explore an efficient strategy for the conversion of antibacterial fluoroquinolones into antitumor fluoroquinolones, an azole heterocyclic ring of oxadiazole instead of the C-3 carboxylic acid group with a functionalized hydrazone group as a modified side-chain, fifteen novel 2-(fluoroquinolon-3-yl)-oxadiazole-5- sulfanylacetylhydrazone derivatives 7a-7o were designed and synthesized on the basis of the pharmacophore hybridization principle from pefloxacin, separately. The structures for fifteen title compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and MS, and their in vitro antitumor activity against Hep-3B cell line was evaluated by a MTT assay. The results showed that the title compounds exhibited more significantly inhibitory activity than that of the parent pefloxacin, in which compounds with electron-withdrawing group attached on aryl ring had more potency than that of compounds with electron donating group, especially compounds with a carboxylic substituent were comparable to comparison doxorubicin. It suggests that it is favorable for an improvement of antitumor activity to remain a carboxylic acid unit at the aromatic ring.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fluoroquinolones ; chemistry ; Humans ; Oxadiazoles ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; pharmacology ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

AIM: To evaluate the effects of 23G vs 20G pars plana vitrectomy ( PPV ) combined with internal limiting membrane peeling, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation for macular epiretinal membrane with cataract. ·METHODS: Totally 45 eyes of 45 patients with macular epiretinal membrane and cataract were enrolled in this retrospective non-randomized controlled clinical study. All eyes were treated with PPV combined with internal limiting membrane peeling, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. There were 20 eyes in 23G PPV group, and 25 eyes in 20G PPV group. The best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure (IOP), counting of corneal endothelial cells ( CEC) and central retinal thickness ( CRT ) were examined before surgery. BCVA results were converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution ( LogMAR ) visual acuity. All operations were performed by the same doctor. Operation time for vitrectomy and membrane peeling, average ultrasound energy ( AVE) and effective phacoemulsification time ( EPT ) were recorded. BCVA and CRT were observed postoperatively at 30d and 90d, counting of CEC was observed postoperatively at 90d. IOP was observed postoperatively at 1d and 7d. ·RESULTS:The mean operation time for vitrectomy were 12. 57± 1. 35min in 23G group and 17. 30 ± 1. 19min in 20G group. The difference was statistically significant ( t =-12. 488, P<0. 01). There were no statistical significances in operation time for membrane peeling, AVE and EPT between 23G and 20G groups ( t=-0. 68,-1. 186,-0. 737, P=0. 500, 0. 242,0. 465). On 1d after surgery, IOP in 23G group was lower than that in 20G group, the difference was statistically significant (t= -2. 345, P=0. 024). The BCVA and CRT of the two groups both improved after operations. There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in terms of IOP, BCVA, and CRT ( F = 0. 465, 1. 895, 0. 689; P = 0. 499, 0. 176, 0. 411). IOP, BCVA and CRT were significant statistical different in different time-point within each group ( F=291. 245, 103. 06, 665. 402, P<0. 01 ). Different surgical methods of 23G and 20G had interactive effects on IOP with different time points ( F = 13. 245, P<0. 01 ), but different surgeries had no interactive effects on BCVA and CRT with different time points (F=1. 212, 2. 293;P=0. 283, 0. 129). The counting CEC in 23G group was more than that in 20G group postoperatively at 90d, the difference was statistically significant (t=2. 049, P=0. 048). ·CONCLUSION: The 23G PPV combined with internal limiting membrane peeling, phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation for macular epiretinal membrane with cataract is effective. Compared with 20G PPV, 23G PPV has advantages in operation time for vitrectomy and counting CEC. But lower IOP is likely in 23G PPV on 1d after surgery