AlM: To investigate and evaluate the prevalence of xerophthalmia among aerospace science and technology staff and its influencing factors for the eye health guidance.
METHODS: The staff underwent physical examination in our examination center from September 2013 to June 2014 were preliminary screened, and those patients with symptoms of dry eye were investigated with questionnaires and diagnosed by basic lacrimal secretion test ( Schirmer l ) , breakup time of tear film ( BUT ) test and fluorescein ( FL) staining test .
RESULTS: There were 606 complaints of dry eye symptoms of the 1 000 premiers, distributed in random (60. 6%), and 432 employees were diagnosed (43. 2%). The positive rate of dry eye was 71. 3%. The causes of xerophthalmia, besides of gender, age, also include a variety of factors such as air-conditioner, heating, video terminals, sleep time, etc.
CONCLUSlON: Dry eye, an epidemic disease, has a variety of symptoms and complex etiology, the main causes of aerospace science and technology staff with dry eye is working environment and some local factors. We can give appropriate health guidance according to the different factors. Meanwhile the relevant series of dry eye screening should also be taken as a routine examination in ophthalmic examination.

Adult ; Aged ; Alprostadil ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemorheology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Function Tests

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Design ; Herpesvirus 8, Human ; drug effects ; Humans ; Simplexvirus ; drug effects

Objective To develop a real-time quantitative PCR method for detection of human breast cancer related novel gene-kallikrein gene 6 (klk6) expression and investigate klk6 expression levels in breast cancer tissue.Methods Using Sybr Green I, with GAPDH as reference, a real-time quantitative PCR method was established. klk6 expression levels of 32 normal and breast cancer tissues were detected and analyzed by the method and REST software.Results The amplification efficiencies for GAPDH and klk6 of the real-time quantitative PCR method were 0.90 And 0.95, respectively; inter-coefficient of variation were 1.0%~2.1% and 0.8%~1.2%,respectively; intra-coefficient of variation were 3.2% and 3.9%, respectively. The relative expression levels of klk6 in normal breast and breast cancer tissues were 0.017?0.009 and 0.040?0.017 with GAPDH as reference. Analysis results with REST indicated klk6 expression was up- regulated in breast cancer.Conclusion The real-time quantitative PCR method with Sybr Green I for klk6 mRNA quantification was simple, specific, reproductive and reliable, and could be used to study relationship betweeen klk6 expression and tumor.

Objective To investigate the existence of the erythropoiesis inhibitors(?).Methods Twelve patients suffered from uremia with anemia were studied[5 males,and 7 females,(50?12)years].Methylcellulose culture technique was used to culture mice bone marrow cells.The sera from the uremia patients were added to CFU- E and BFU-E culture medium with final concentrations of 1,25%,2.5% and 5%,Mice bone marrow cells were ob- tained from the female Balb/c mice.In vitro CFU-E and BFU-E culture in the presence of sera from uremia patients was compared with that in the presence of normal human subjects with the use of normal mice bone marrows.Re- suits The effects of the sera from uremia patients on CFU-E and BFU-E colon growth were in a dose-dependent manner.The effect was correlated with the concentrations of the sera(P

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the application of conversion method based on lognormal distribution in comparison of different detection methods, taking cyclosporine A trough concentration in renal transplant patients for example. To establish a more accurate method for conversion of the results by different detection methods. METHODS: Cyclosporine A trough concentration data measured by UPLC-MS/MS and CMIA were changed to logarithmic form, and nonparametric Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to analyze whether they accorded with normal distribution. The conversion coefficient (CCop) was determined by the ratio of optimal trough concentrations by the two detection methods. This conversion method was used for the rapid switch of results of the two methods, and was compared with the traditional linear regression method and average comparison method. RESULTS: The results of two methods accorded with normal distribution (P > 0.05) after transformed logarithmically. The conversion coefficient CCop was 1.29. Compared with linear regression method, the developed lognormal distribution method had smaller weight residues (WRES) in the low concentration region. The determined optimal c0 concentration can better reflect the target concentration for ideal pharmacological effect than the average. CONCLUSION: Lognormal distribution method developed in this study can be used to switch results of the different detection methods better when detection methods change in therapeutic drug monitoring, which is available for adjustment of individualized dosing regimens.

OBJECTIVE: To establish an UPLC-MS / MS method for simultaneous determination of a variety of drugs used for im¬munosuppressive therapy in the whole blood of renal transplant patients and to use this method for blood concentration monitoring in therapeutic: drug monitoring.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the levels of homocysteine, 9 kinds of vitamins including folic acid in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, so as to provide basis for the early detection and intervention of diabetic nephropathy. METHODSE: A total of 416 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into nephrotic group and non-nephrotic groups, and subjects were included in the same period of physical examination as the physical examination group. The elderly physical examination group was selected by age. The serum homocysteine (Hcy), folic acid and vitamin (Vit) A, D, E, B1, B2, B6, B12 and C levels of all subjects were collected retrospectively. Differences between different groups were analyzed by ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between different index levels and GFR or ACR. RESULTS: The levels of folic acid, and Vit D, B1, B2, B12 and C in the disease groups were significantly different from those in the physical examination group, but only Vit D levels decreased and Vit B12 levels increased comparing with those in the elderly physical examination group (P<0.05). There were differences in Hcy, and Vit A, D, E and B6 levels between nephrotic group and non-nephrotic group (P<0.05). The changes of these indexes may be related to the occurrence of nephrosis, but the influence of age cannot be excluded. Hcy, Vit A and D levels were significantly correlated with GFR and ACR (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Hcy is related to the occurrence of nephropathy, which may be a reference index for early detection of diabetic nephropathy. Folic acid, Vit B2, B6, B12, C and other water-soluble vitamins have been taken as supplymentin diabetic patients. Fat soluble such as Vit A, D, and E also related to the occurrence of nephropathy in varying degrees, and the supplement of these vitamins may benefit.

OBJECTIVE: To compare and evaluate different methods of estimating %T>MIC based on drug concentration monitoring data, and clarify the implementation plan and treatment objectives of therapeutic drug monitoring. METHODS: The plasma drug concentrations of 25 patients with severe infections were collected at multiple time points after imipenem reached steady state. A population pharmacokinetic model was established by NONMEM method. The plasma drug concentrations were estimated by Bayesian feedback method at 6 and 8 h after imipenem administration. Meanwhile, the established calculation model of %T>MIC combined with the same drug concentrations was used to estimate the %T>MIC. The results of these two methods were compared with the true value of %T>MIC. RESULTS: The established population pharmacokinetic model could fit the data well. The covariate serum creatinine (CR) had a significant effect on the apparent distribution volume (Vc) of central ventricle. The final model was Vc=18.8×(CR/70.9)ΘCR_VC. When MIC=2, the results of Bayesian method and %T>MIC calculation model method showed 76.9% and 84.6% deviation within±10% of the true values, respectively. CONCLUSION: The two methods had good predictive accuracy when the MIC breakpoint was less than 2, but they decreased with the increase of MIC. Different therapeutic drug monitoring schemes should be considered for different levels of MIC.

OBJECTIVE: To develop the f%T>MIC computing model of carbapenems and adjust dose strategy based on the drug concentrations. METHODS: Pharmacokinetic equations within one time interval were deduced at steady state after multiple intravenous infusion. f%T>MIC calculator was compiled using EXCEL software and used for evaluation of antibiotic effect based on the concentrations at 0.5 and 3 h before administration of imipenem or meropenem at steady state. RESULTS: The calculation model can be used for f%T>MIC evaluation and dosage optimization. The model was used to determine f%T>MIC level of 107 ICU patients receiving imipenem or meropenem treatment. CONCLUSION: The present calculation model can provide a basis for the evaluation and optimization of dosage strategy,and it can be applied to other time-dependent antibiotics.