SWNTs are a mixture of 1/3 metallic SWNTs (m-SWNTs) and 2/3 semiconducting SWNTs (s-SWNTs). It is desirable to separate the metallic SWNTs from the semi-conducting ones. In this study m-SWNTs was separated by using a poly[(m-phenylenevinylene)-alt-(p-phenylenevinylene)] (PmPV) derivative and used as photo-thermal media instead of SWNTs. The separation effects of m-SWNTs were evaluated by Raman spectra, molecular modeling and TEM images. The effects of m-SWNTs on MCF-7 cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated with MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. m-SWNTs were separated with high purity. A strong inhibition of MCF-7 cell growth was observed with the m-SWNTs under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Our results will be helpful for the potential applications of m-SWNTs in clinical photothermal cancer therapy.
Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Light ; MCF-7 Cells ; drug effects ; Models, Molecular ; Nanotubes, Carbon

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety as well as the effects of rituximab on B-lymphocytes and anti-platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies,in patients with steroid-resistant idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods Twelve steroid-resistant ITP patients,16 to 54 years old,received intravenous rituximab at the dose of 375 mg/m2 once-weekly for 4 weeks.Lab studies included CBC,serum concentrations of IgG,IgM and IgA.CD+3,CD+4,CD+8,CD+19,CD+20 cell numbers were assayed by flow cytometry and anti-platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies(GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ)were assayed by monoclonal antibody-specific immobilisation of platelet antigens prior to and following rituximab therapy.Results A complete response(platelet counts ≥100×109/L)was observed in 4 cases,a partial response (platelet counts between 50 and 100×109/L)in 3 cases,a minor response(platelet counts between 30 and 50×109/L)in 2 cases,and non response(platelet counts＜30×109/L)in 3 cases.Responses were sustained 0.5 to 12 months(median 5 months).After 4 weeks of rituximab therapy,anti-platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies(GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ)disappeared except one NR patient and CD+19/CD+20 cells were almost depleted in all patients(295.0±86.4)×106/L vs(4.1±2.2)×106/L(P＜0.01).As expected,the T cell counts,and the serum concentrations of IgG,IgM and IgA were not changed after therapy.No severe side effects were observed.Conclusion Rituximab may be an effective and safe treatment for adults with steroid-resistant ITP.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue decoction(the function of decoction is to tonify Qi,nourish Yin and enhance blood circulation)on salivary gland response attribute to radiotherapy.Methods This study,carried between January 2005 and December 2005,focused on the effect of Chinese herbs on salivary gland response attribute to radiotherapy.In the treatment group,30 cases took Chinese herbs during the duration of radiotherapy,while in the control group 30 cases were given routine therapy.Results Both groups had finished the radiotherapy,however,in the control group,there were 5 cas- es with a break for 1～2 weeks.For the comparison of the salivary gland change in acute stage,there was no variance(x~2=2.387,P=0.122);the latency for the salivary gland change in treatment group was longer than that in control group(x~2=13.106,P=0.000).For the comparison of Karnofsky after radiotherapy,the KS was superior in the treatment group than that in control group(x~2=12.685,P=0.013);For the comparison of objective effect after radiotherapy,the remission rate in treatment group was 90 %,and it was 86.7 % in control group(x~2=0.638,P=0.727).Conclusion The decoction can remit the salivary gland response caused by radiotherapy in clinic,prolong the latency for acute radioactive response;release the pain of the pa- tients,increase the achievement ratio for radiotherapy,and improve the patients'living condition.To combine with radiotherapy,Chinese herbs is a good supplemental therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Pathology ; Periodicals as Topic ; history

Objective:To study the relationship between dynamic Hoffmann's sign(DHS) and the early diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods:Patients with neck, shoulder and back pain (218 cases) were employed in this investigation. Among them, 96 cases had positive reaction to DHS test and they received 3 7 years follow up as study group. The other 122 cases negative to DHS test were taken as control group. The clinical data included the patient's symptoms and signs, sagittal diameter of cervical spinal canal, Pavlov rate, angular displacement and horizontal displacement between cervical vertebral, etc . Results:There were 72 cases in study group developed cervical spondylotic myelopathy and needed operation during follow up. Meanwhile, 11 cases in control group received surgical treatment. The incidence of stenosis of cervical spinal canal, herniation of cervical intervertebral disc and instability of cervical spine in DHS group were significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion:DHS is closely related to the onset of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The patients should be followed up closely if they present positive reaction to DHS, and should be operated on early when their neurological symptom is progressing.

0.05). X ray film revealed that there was no loosening and displacement of internal fixation device in the test group 3 days after operation. In control group, there were 2 cases of slight graft bone displacement. Both groups exhibited a stiff bone fusion at operative level 3 months later. The intervertebral disc height of fusion level increased by (1.2?0.7) mm in the test group while decreased by (1.5?0.8) mm in the control group. CT scan revealed that there was tight contact between the internal fixation device and bone 3 days after operation. Both groups had obtained bone fusion in CT image 3 months later. Conclusion:Threaded cervical interbody fusion device made from carbon fiber reinforced PEEK has an excellent biocompatibility and can restore the intervertebral disc hight effectively with satisfactory fusion rate.

Objective: To study the biocompatibility of CFR/PEEK composite in bone tissue after implanted in lumbar intervertebral space and to evaluate its role in the interbody fusion compared to the allograft bone. Methods: Thirteen beagles were chosen among which 7 were implanted with the disk-like CFR/PEEK composite in the lumbar intervertebral space and the other 6 were implanted with allograft bone. X-ray, QCT and histological examination were employed at 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Results: The X-ray results of fusion segment were in conformity with the QCT's as well as that of histological results. All animals obtained a complete fusion at 24 months. Histological examination revealed that the anterior soft tissue to the implant exhibited a nonspecific foreign body reaction with connective tissue embed the biomaterials. Carbon fragment were seen in the surrounding tissue and some of the debric were phagocytosed by foreign body giant cell. Histological examination of bone and material revealed that new bone grew along the hole of CFR/PEEK implant. Conclusion: CFR/PEEK has an excellent biocompatibility to bone tissue.

Objective To construct phage display single-chain antibody fragments (scFvs) library against histidine-rich protein Ⅱ (HRP-Ⅱ) of Plasmodium falciparum and select specific scFvs of anti- HRP-Ⅱ for the purpose of malaria diagnosis. Method The genes of variable fragments of heavy chain (VH) and light chain (VL) were gained from the spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with HRP-Ⅱ protein. The VH and VL genes were then assembled by the method of splicing overlapping extension and cloned into phagemid vector pCANTAB 5E. The scFv phage antibodies were expressed at the surface of the phage after the rescue by helper phage M13K07. HRP- Ⅱ protein was used as antigenic reagent for panning and screening. Results The total RNA from the spleen cells was isolated, and cDNA obtained and VH and VL gene regions amplified using PCR. The VH and VL gene regions were combined with a flexible linker ligated into the pCANTAB 5E phagemid vector, and transformed into TG1 Escherichia coli. The repertoire of the phage antibody was about 106. After panning and screening, 8 positive clones expressed scFv antibodies which were specific for HPR-Ⅱ as demonstrated by ELISA. Conclusion Phage display technology can be used as a powerful tool in making scFv antibodies which have the potential to be used as reagents in the diagnosis and therapy of malaria.

Objective To construct phage display single-chain antibody fragments (scFvs) library against histidine-rich protein Ⅱ (HRP-Ⅱ) of Plasmodium falciparum and select specific scFvs of anti- HRP-Ⅱ for the purpose of malaria diagnosis. Method The genes of variable fragments of heavy chain (VH) and light chain (VL) were gained from the spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with HRP-Ⅱ protein. The VH and VL genes were then assembled by the method of splicing overlapping extension and cloned into phagemid vector pCANTAB 5E. The scFv phage antibodies were expressed at the surface of the phage after the rescue by helper phage M13K07. HRP- Ⅱ protein was used as antigenic reagent for panning and screening. Results The total RNA from the spleen cells was isolated, and cDNA obtained and VH and VL gene regions amplified using PCR. The VH and VL gene regions were combined with a flexible linker ligated into the pCANTAB 5E phagemid vector, and transformed into TG1 Escherichia coli. The repertoire of the phage antibody was about 106. After panning and screening, 8 positive clones expressed scFv antibodies which were specific for HPR-Ⅱ as demonstrated by ELISA. Conclusion Phage display technology can be used as a powerful tool in making scFv antibodies which have the potential to be used as reagents in the diagnosis and therapy of malaria.

Objective To study the influence of human leucocyte antigen(HLA) and major his-tocompatibility complex class Ⅰ chain-related gene A (MICA) specific antibodies on renal allograft function and graft rejective reaction by monitoring their changes from preoperative to postoperative pe-riods. Methods Twenty-seven patients with renal aliografts were tested with the specificity of anti-HLA antibodies (anti-HLA class Ⅰ and anti-HLA class Ⅱ) and anti-MICA antibodies and their posi-tive value changes by flow PRATM beads. The HLA genotype was integrated to distinguish donor specific antibody(DSA) and non-donor specific antibody(NDSA). Their serum creatinine levels and clinical data were analyzed simultaneously. Results Of the 27 patients, 22 cases accepted renal transplantation from dead bodies and 5 eases accepted from live donors. Except 1 failed patient, the other 26 patients had good functional renal allografts. Twenty-four survival patients were followed up on month 1, 3, 6 and 12 after transplantation. Seven out of 27 patients had pre-exist antibody before transplantation. Among them, 2 patients had anti-HLA antibody; 3 patients had anti-MICA antibody; 2 patients had both anti-HLA and anti-MICA antibody. Three patients with no anti-HLA and anti-MICA antibodies before transplantation created antibodies after transplantation from 3 to 6 months. One patient created NDSA after transplantation and appeared chronic rejection. There were 3 patients who had anti-MICA antibodies before transplantation. The expression levels of antibodies had changed from high to low, but the specific anti-MICA antibody had not changed during the follow-up on month 1, 3, 6 and 12 after transplantation. The patient with pre-transplantation low level of anti-HLA class Ⅱ antibody appeared acute rejection with fever and his CMV was positive as well. The patient's SCr levels changed from 171 μmol/L to 236 μmol/L after I to 3 months post-transplantation. Twenty-four patients were divided into positive and negative groups according to the specific antibody. There was significant difference of SCr levels between the 2 groups 1 month and 1 year after transplantation(P= 0.03, 0.05). Conclusions It is important to detect the specificity and positive value of anti-HLA antibodies and anti-MICA antibody regularly during the post transplantation follow-up. This will make an effective therapy for decreasing the occurrenee and development of acute or chronic rejection and hy-pofunction on renal allograft.