China ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Infant, Newborn

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Design ; Herpesvirus 8, Human ; drug effects ; Humans ; Simplexvirus ; drug effects

Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Seizures ; chemically induced

OBJECTIVETo study the rules of occurrence and development of TCM syndromes in patients of depression by analysing the population distribution and related factors of it.

METHODSA clinical epidemiologic survey was carried out with the materials collected by the four-diagnostic method from patients of depression to gain the syndrome types of 397 patients through dynamic cluster analysis, factor analysis and TCM syndrome differentiation. The constitution of syndrome types in different population and the relation between TCM syndrome types and the clinical types differentiated by Western medicine of depression was analyzed.

RESULTSSix syndrome types were found in 397 patients with depression. They were, ranging in occurrence order, the Gan-Qi stagnation with mental uneasiness type (108 cases, 27.2%); the Xin-Pi deficiency with dampness retention type (94 cases, 23.7%); the Xin-Gan Qi-stagnation with Phlegm retention type (76 cases, 19.1%); the Xin-Gan Qi stagnation with Jing-Luo disharmony type (57 cases, 14.3%); the Xin-Shen Qi stagnation with collateral obstruction type (34 cases, 8.6%); and the Xin-Gan Qi stagnation with Heat interfering mental type (28 cases, 7.1%). There were statistical significance (P < 0.01) in comparison of the syndrome types constitution among patients of different ages or different Western medicinal types (mild, with or without psychotic symptoms), but no significant difference was shown in that among patients of different sexes, with or without familial history of mental diseases, with monophasic or biphasic, initial or recurrent episode (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe result obtained in this study is basically in accord with the cognitive rule of TCM theory, it provides a reliable base of syndrome differentiation for treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cluster Analysis ; Demography ; Depressive Disorder ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expression in the peripheral blood and lesions of 4NQO-induced tongue carcinoma in mouse.

METHODSThe established 4NQO mouse model was used to analyze the distribution of MDSC and T cell subsets in the peripheral blood by flow cytometry. The relations of MDSC with T cell subsets and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ changes were evaluated. The distribution of MDSC in the lesions of tongues was analyzed by immu- nohistochemistry, and the expression of arginase 1 (ARG-1) in tongue tissues was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSDuring tumor progression, a significant increase was observed in the frequency of MDSC in the peripheral blood of 4NQO treated mice (P < 0.01). The frequency of MDSC was positively correlated with systemic CD3⁺CD8+T cells but negatively correlated with the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio. Squamous cell carcinomas were extensively infiltrated with MDSC, whereas dysplastic area and normal tongue mucosa had only sparse MDSC infiltration. The majority of MDSCs were located in the stroma, particularly along the tumor invasive front. Moreover, 4NQO-treated mice showed significantly higher ARG-1 mRNA levels in the tumor site (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONMDSC may contribute to oral tumor progression and represents a potential target for immunotherapy of oral cancer.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide ; Animals ; Arginase ; Cell Count ; Flow Cytometry ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells ; immunology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Tongue Neoplasms ; immunology

Chlorogenic acid displays several important roles in the therapeutic properties of many herbs, such as antioxidant activity, antibacterial, antiviral, scavenging free radicals and exciting central nervous system. Only about one-third of chlorogenic acid was absorbed in its prototype, therefore, its gut metabolites play a more important role in the therapeutic properties of chlorogenic acid. It is necessary to consider not only the bioactivities of chlorogenic acid but also its gut metabolites. This review focuses on the potential activities and mechanisms of chlorogenic acid and its gut metabolites on central nervous system diseases.
Animals ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Chlorogenic Acid ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To study the cellular immune function in children with kawasaki disease(KD).Methods T lymphocyte subcytes,levels of serum interleukin 2(IL-2) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor(sIL-2R) were determined by APAAP,ELISA met-hods,and a double-antibody “sandwich” enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively in 60 cases.Results During the acute stage of KD,the percentage of CD4 +,the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 +,levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R increased markedly,while the percentage of CD3 + and CD8 + decreased significantly compared with the controls.These changes were more remarkable in patients subsequently developed coronary artery aneurysms than in those with normal appearing coronary artery.Conclusion Marked activation of cellular immune function and immune regulation disorders develop in acute stage of KD patients.

0.05).Genotype CT frequency in T2DM group was significantly increased when compared with non-DM control group(P=0.012,OR=2.254).Conclusion Pro198Leu polymorphism of GPX-1 gene increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese of Shanghai,while T allele is not a risk factor of diabetic CHD.

Objective To dynamically observe the changes of cytokines of splenocytes in mice immunized with recombinant bifidobacteria bifidum (Bb)- Eg95-EgA31 vaccine of Echinococcus grauulosus (Eg). Methods Balb/c mice were vaccinated by 5× 108 colony forming unit(CFU) orally and 5 × 105 CFU intranasally, respectively.Mice were killed on week 0,2,4,6,8,10, 12,14,16, 18 and 20 after immunization, respectively, and spleens were separated for cell culture with the stimulation of EgAg, concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The splenocyte supernatants were collected to determine the levels of interferonγ(IFN-γ), interleukin(IL)-12, tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-o) and IL-l0 using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) with MRS as control. Results In the oral immunization group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 showed a significant increase from week 2 to week 8, week 2 to week 8, week 4 and week 6 to week 10 after vaccination, respectively, and reached the highest level on week 4, week 2, week 4 and week 6 after vaccination, respectively;in EgAg stimulation group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 were (700.0 ± 115.5), (45.0 ± 5.8), (350.0 ± 57.7), (112.5 ± 14.4)ng/L, respectively, compared with week 0[(35.0 ± 5.8), (12.5 ± 2.9), (190.0 ± 11.6), (25.0 ± 5.8)ng/L, P ＜0.05 or ＜ 0.01] and MRS control group[(37.5 ± 5.0),(13.8 ± 2.5), (195.0 ± 5.8), (27.5 ± 2.9)ng/L, P＜ 0.05or ＜ 0.01]. In the intranasal immunization group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 showed an obvious increase from week 2 to week 8, week 2 to week 8, week 2 to week 6 and week 6 to week 16 after vaccination,respectively, and reached the highest level on week 2, week 2, week 4 and week 8 after vaccination, respectively;in EgAg stimulation group, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-10 were (700.0 ± 115.5), (55.0 ± 5.8),(275.0 ± 28.9), (140.0 ± 11.6)ng/L, compared with week 0[(35.0 ± 5.8), (12.5 ± 2.9), (190.0 ± 11.6), (25.0 ±5.8)ng/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01] and MRS control group[(37.5 ± 5.0), (13.8 ± 2.5), (195.0 ± 5.8), (27.5 ± 2.9)ng/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01]. The cytokine levels in the groups with EgAg, ConA or LPS stimulus were significantly higher than those in the corresponding splenocytes suspension groups(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01) , and the cytokine levels in the groups with ConA or LPS stimulus were obviously higher than those in the corresponding groups with EgAg stimulation(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01). Conclusion The mixed Th1 and Th2 type response can be induced in mice immunized with the recombinant Bb-Eg95-EgA31 vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus in the early stage of immunization(2 to 6weeks).

Objective To investigate the standardized treatment of 33 children with thalassemia and their family financial burden registered in Bao'an district, Shenzhen city, and to provide basic information for formulating health policy for the government. Methods In 2009, preliminary investigations on 39 registered families with thalassemia children were conducted by telephone, and a household survey was made to collect treatment and economic status by questionnaire on 33 children. Results Among 33 cases of thalassemia children, 21 cases(63.7%) were severe anemia, 5 cases( 15.1%) in need of care or special care, and 25 cases(75.8%) were difficult or unable to maintain standardized treatment. The average family monthly income and expenditure was (4060 ± 2002) and (4926 ± 2991) yuan, respectively. The average monthly treatment costs were (2665 ± 1872) yuan, and the average debt amounted to (64 600 ± 53 940) yuan. Fifteen families[60.0%(15/25)] would reduce the times of blood transfusions or iron transpirations when they encountered revenue deficiency. Conclusions The heavy economic burdens on families with children thalassemia result in inadequate or interrupted treatment on sick children and affect their survival and quality of life, which should be taken more attention and social care.