Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is an important means to clinical microbiology. At present, there are no standard AST methods for aquatic pathogens comparing with human and veterinary pathogens. We reviewed the recent research progress on establishing these methods and discussed the key factors in AST of aquatic pathogens. Furthermore the defect of AST of aquatic pathogens in China was profiled and prospect for further research was put forward.

Objective:To evaluate the utilization of both parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition drugs for the reference of clinical medication.Method:The statistics on nutrition drugs in a hospital from 2006 to 2008 were conducted by the defined daily dose method.Result:The cost ratio of the nutrition drugs to the total drug consumption increased annually.Glutamine was the leading nutrition drug according to the increase tendency of DDDs.The utilization ratio of enteral nutrition drugs to the whole nutrition drugs increased continuously,from 8.72%to 15.58%during 2006 to 2008.Conclusion:Nutritional support has attracted more and more clinical attention,and DDDs of the enteral nutrition increases rapidly.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; complications ; drug therapy ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Triazoles ; therapeutic use ; Voriconazole ; Young Adult

AIM: To explore the effect of hypertonic sugar eyes drops with local to the oxygen therapy for severe corneal edema after cataract surgery.METHODS: Totally 68 patients (68 eyes) with severe corneal edema after phacoemulsification were selected from January 2014 to December 2015 in our hospital, who were aged 53-80(64.45±4.24), including 30 males and 38 females.According to different treatment, they were divided into treatment group (34 cases) given conventional therapy + hypertonic sugar eyes drops with local to the oxygen therapy, the control group (34 cases) given conventional treatment + hypertonic sugar eyes drops.Visual acuity and corneal situation were observed during the treatment.RESULTS: Corneal edema fade time of treatment group was 11.62+0.53d, that of control group was 15.23±0.62d, the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05).Preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and corneal endothelial cell count had no significantly difference between the two groups while the corneal endothelial cell count were significantly different compared with postoperative of the two groups (P<0.05).At 7d after treatment, the BCVA and corneal endothelial cell count had significantly difference between the two groups (P<0.05), which did not have significant difference at 1mo after treatment (P>0.05).The effective rates of the two groups was significantly different (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Hypertonic sugar eyes drops with local to the oxygen therapy is effective for severe corneal edema after cataract surgery.

Apoptosis ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; metabolism

In order to established a method for simultaneous determination of isoquercitrin, astragaline, quercetin and kaempferol in Lysimachia clethroides, the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([HMIM]PF6) methanol was used as the ultrasound-assisted extraction solvent combing with RP-HPLC. A Purospher star RP-C1 column was used with the mobile phase of aceto- nitrile, methanol and 0. 4% phosphate acid by gradient elution at the detection wavelength of 360 nm. The flow rate was 0.7 mL x min(-1), and the column temperature was the room temperature. Under the optimized conditions, the linear ranges were 2.54 x 10(-2)-2. 54, 2.50 x 10(-2)- 2.50, 1.54 x 10(-3)-0.154, 1.49 x 10(-3)-0.149 microg for isoquercitrin, astragaline, quercetin and kaempferol, respectively. The average recoveries of the four constituents were 101.1%, 98.90%, 101.0%, 101.6%, respectively. The method was green, simple, rapid and accurate, and provided a valid method for analysis of isoquercitrin, astragaline, quercetin and kaempferol in L. clethroides.
Chemical Fractionation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Ionic Liquids ; chemistry ; Primulaceae ; chemistry

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of filiform fire-needling plus continuous passive motion (CPM) therapy for frozen shoulder. Methods: A total of 72 patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 36 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received celecoxib capsule plus CPM, while those in the observation group received filiform fire-needling plus CPM. The whole course of treatment lasted for 2 weeks in both groups. The visual analog scale (VAS), Constant-Murley score (CMS) and range of motion of shoulder joint were measured for therapeutic efficacy evaluation. Results: The total effective rate was 91.7％ in the observation group, higher than 72.2％ in the control group, and the between-group comparison showed statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores in the two groups dropped significantly, the CMS as well as the range of motion including abduction, forward flexion and extension were all increased significantly, and the intra-group comparisons showed statistical significance (all P<0.05). The betweengroup comparisons showed the improvements in these items in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Filiform fire-needling plus CPM can produce more significant efficacy than celecoxib capsule plus CPM for frozen shoulder; it can alleviate pain, improve shoulder function and restore joint range of motion in such patients.

Objective To evaluate the olfactory functions in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with a smell identification test developed for the Chinese population and to examine possible factors contributing to PD patients' olfactory performance.Methods Fifty-five patients with idiopathic and nondementia PD and 55 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited and their olfactory identification tested using the Chinese Smell Identification Test developed by the Institute of Psychology at Chinese Academy of Sciences.Results Olfactory identification score was significantly lower (t =-6.827,P＜0.01) in the PD group (19.3 ±5.4) as compared with the HC group (26.5 ±5.7).Of all PD patients,63.6％ scored over 1 SD below the age norm.In particular,of those with Hoehn-Yahr ratings between 2 to 3,77.8％ scored over 1 SD below the age norm.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that a cut-off score of 22.5 on the Chinese Smell Identification Test distinguished between PD patients and HC with a sensitivity of 74.6％ and specificity of 70.9％.Within the PD group,age,education,Hoehn-Yahr rating and Mini-Mental State Examination score were not found to correlate with olfactory performance (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion PD patients in China show significant impairment of olfactory identification,which is effectively captured by the Chinese Smell Identification Test.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of transcatheter Amplatzer device closure on patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),and to give some evidences for the clinical application.MethodsAll studies in the world regard to the controlled trials(CT) about transcatheter Amplatzer device closure and cardiac surgery on PDA were searched and made synthetic evaluation by means of Meta-analysis.RevMan 4.2.2 software was used for statistical analysis.Cases relative risk(RR)and its 95% confidence interval(CI)of procedure failure,the incidence of complication and residual shunt were calculated.ResultsTotally 5 studies including 349 cases were analyzed.Operation failure of Amplatzer device occlusion was higher than cardiac surgery [5 CT,349 cases,3.0% vs 0,RR=4.29,95%CI(0.77,23.95)](P=0.10).Incidence of complication of Amplatzer device occlusion was lower than cardiac surgery[5 CT,343 cases,3.1% vs 38.0%,RR=0.11,95%CI(0.05,0.23)](P

Objective To compare the relative efficacy and quality of extraction of human fecal DNA using four methods.Methods Real-time PCR were utilized for analysis both quantification and quality of the fecal targeted bacteria(including gut all eubaeterium,Bacteriodes-PrevoteUa group,Bifidobacterium spp Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp)by using 16s rRNA gene-targeted genus or group-specific primer sets.Results The negative rat of PCR product from method 3(phenol-chloroform plus bead-beating) was about 40%(4/10)by using universal primers,the PCR inhibition disappeared after fecal DNA purified with column.The total fecal 16s rRNA gene copy numbers(per gram of wet weight of feces)as well as the numbers of Bacteriodes-Prevotella group from method 1(QIAamp~DNA stool mini kit)and 4(QIAamp~ DNA stool mini kit combined with bead-beating)was higher significantly than that from method 2(FastDNA ~Kit,Biol01)and 3(P