Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) is the most common mesenchymal malignancy of the GI tract. The mainstay of treatment is surgery. For patients in whom complete resection is not possible, or in patients with metastatic or recurrent disease, they are unresponsive to standard chemotherapy and to radiotherapy. There has been no effective systemic treatment for unresectable GIST or metastatic disease. Gain-of-function mutations of the KIT proto-oncogene occur in up to 90% of GIST, allowing constitutive activation of tyrosine kinase (i.e. auto-phosphorylation of tyrosine residues independent of ligand-receptor binding), leading to aberrant cell division and tumour growth. Imatinib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity associated with KIT, which forms the rationale for evaluating its effects in GIST. Herein, we review recent developments in treatment for GIST and implication for optimal treatment in these patients.

In recent years, the biopharmaceutical industry has grown rapidly, and the market size of monoclonal antibody drugs has increased significantly. Accurate structural characterization and quality control are the supporting technologies for the development of monoclonal antibody drugs. As a significant post-translational modification of antibody drugs, glycosylation has an important influence on its efficacy, stability, and immunogenicity. The existing literature usually uses liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to perform major glycosylation modifications of monoclonal antibody drugs. Characterization, there are few studies on low-abundance glycosylation, but the characterization and control of low-abundance glycosylation cannot be ignored. In this study, we have established a qualitative and quantitative analysis technology for N-glycans based on RapiFluor-MS reagent-labeled monoclonal antibody drugs. This method has a short sample processing time and high sensitivity. It can not only characterize the main glycoforms of three monoclonal antibody drugs (adalimumab, bevacizumab, and trastuzumab) but also can quantify low-abundance N-glycans. The results of the study showed that the main glycoforms specified in the Pharmacopoeia could be detected in different batches of monoclonal antibody drugs, but the content of N-glycans in different batches of samples is not identical. After that, we analyzed the N-glycans connection sites and glycoforms at the intact glycopeptide level, further enriching the N-glycans structure information of the monoclonal antibody. The qualitative and quantitative analysis technology of N-glycans based on RapiFluor-MS reagent-labeled monoclonal antibody drugs can realize the in-depth characterization and control of glycosylation modification of monoclonal antibody drugs.

The research and development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a rapidly developing field. From the first generation of murine mAbs to the fourth generation of fully human mAbs, the efficacy and safety of mAbs in the treatment of various diseases have been continuously improved. In order to regulate the development and evaluation of mAbs, drug regulatory agencies and pharmacopeias of America and China have tried to issue feasible test procedures and acceptance criteria for quality evaluation of mAbs and biosimilars. Mass spectrometry (MS) technique with high sensitivity, resolution, selectivity, and specificity has become an important tool to evaluate the quality characteristics of monoclonal antibody-related products or specify mAb quality. The research of MS-based monoclonal antibody study involves structure characterization, impurity analysis, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), etc. This review focuses on the current quality control requirements of mAb related products and the development of MS technique for mAb quality characterization and specification. It is expected to provide information and references for evaluating the quality of monoclonal antibodies under research and development.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the status quo and the prospect of trazodo ne in the treatment of sexual dysfunction.METHODS:Data concerning the clinical applications of trazodone in the treatment of sexual dysfunction from the Chinese biomedicine bibliographic database,the database of Qinghua tongfang and the Huipu database during the period of1997～2004were referred to on the internet and which were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:There were17of which were research papers on erectile dysfunction and prospermia and7of which were review articles,the total cases for treatment were910,the average effective rates were71%.CONCLUSION:It deserves attention for the medicine circle to give a further study and research on the effects of trazodone in the treatment of male sexual dysfunction,especially the prospermia.

Objective To select the optimum bases for Sihuang Gao and study the method for quality control.Method Ultra-fine powders of Radix Scutellariae,Cortex Phellodendri,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Rhizoma Coptidis were used to prepare Sihuang Gao with different formulations,the bacteriostatic action of which were compared and stability were inspected.The best prescription was identified by TLC,and the skin irritation was observed.Result Sihuang Gao made of water-soluble base had a strong antibacterial activity and stable quality,and it was proved no irritation,the contents of active component could be detected by TLC.Conclusion The quality was controllable,and the improvement prescription can be used in the clinic.

Objective To optimize the preparation process of Xiaochuan Tiegao. Methods The effective compound imporatorin of Dahurian Angelica Root was determined by HPLC. The best condition of preparation process for the ethanol-extraction method was investigated by L9(34) orthogonal design. Results The optimum technical condition:adding 2 times ethanol, cooking 1 hour and 2 times with 90% ethanol. Conclusion The method is reliable, accurate and easy to operate.

Objective To develop an HPLC method for the assay of sinapine thiocyanate in Semen Sinapis Albae of different processed products. Methods It was assayed by RP-HPLC. The column was Hypersil BDS Phenyl (5 ?m, 250 mm?4.6 mm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.08 mol/L KH2PO4 (15∶85). The UV detection wavelength was 240 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results Good linearity of sinapine thiocyanate was showed within the range of 0.8～4.0 ?g (r=0.999 7). The average recovery was 100.98% (RSD=3.51%). Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and good reproducible. It can be used for quality control of Semen Sinapis Albae of different processed products.

In this study, by using the method of literature research, 35 prescriptions related to asthma therapy has been screened out from Hui medicine through collecting the ancient and modern literature. A comparison of fragrant medicine between the name in Arab and Chinese herbal medicine is done. The countif function in Microsoft Excel 2007 is used to get the prescriptions of the drug on the frequency statistics, summarizing the common drugs of Hui medicine for asthma are Pinellia, almond, white sugar, walnut. According to the commonly used drugs, the pathogeny and treatment principle about Hui medicine for asthma is preliminarily inferred combining literature research and the related Hui medical theory. In this study, those prescriptions have been classified into 21 cases which are effective and can be used in medical therapy according to the relevant literatures with the development of the Hui people in their long process of formation of the unique diet culture, 14 useful and convenient Halal diet therapies are made up according to the indications, therapies, party name and composition. Halal diet and "medicine and food" herbs are preliminarily analyzed and summarized, which can be convenient for the people to reduce pains through the diet and improve health awareness.
Asthma ; drug therapy ; ethnology ; China ; Cough ; drug therapy ; ethnology ; Diet ; ethnology ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

PurposeThe restriction of strain ratio (SR) in the diagnosis of thyroid malignant tumor are caused mainly because of disadvantages including low sensitivity, in this research the authors used different calculation methods of strain ratio based on the size of tumors, to explore the clinical application value of them on the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.Materials and Methods Data of 336 patients with thyroid nodule (340 nodules) who underwent elasticity imaging and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration were retrospective analyzed, with the pathology combined follow up acted as golden standards, fixed surface area assay and true surface area assay of strain ratio were compared on the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules with various size.Results Among 340 thyroid nodules, there were 91 small nodules and 249 big nodules. Pathological results showed that 36 of 91 small nodules and 104 of 249 big nodules were malignant, while the others were benign. The true surface area assay was significantly better for the diagnosis of smaller thyroid nodules with longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter<8 mm with higher consistency with pathology (χ2=20.89,P<0.01), and fixed surface area assay is more suitable of thyroid nodules with longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter>8mm (χ2=57.08,P<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity and consistency for the diagnosis of malignant nodules of true surface area assay were 57.10%, 83.00% and 72.30% (Kappa=0.413), which were 73.60%, 85.00% and 72.30% (Kappa=0.590) in the fixed surface area assay, and 85.00%, 85.50% and 85.30% (Kappa=0.699) in the selective usage of two methods according to the tumor size, respectively.Conclusion The sensitivity is highest when using the two methods selectively according to the nodule size, with a better consistence rate with pathological results as well.

Objective To investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolism or carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in Type 2 diabetic(T2DM). Methods According to the liver B-ultrasonography, a total of 321 T2DM patients were divided into two groups, with or without NAFLD. Metabolic indexes such as BMI, BP, blood glucose, blood lipid, uric acid ( UA ), insulin, C-peptipe,insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) between the two groups were compared, and the relationships between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the above indexes were analyzed. Furthermore,the CIMT of the two groups were compared, and the relationships between NAFLD, ALT and CIMT were investigated by correlation and regression analysis. Results Compared with the group without NAFLD, the patients with NAFLD had higher level of BMI, triglyceride ( TG ), UA, fasting blood glucose ( FBG ), fasting insulin ( FIns ), fasting C peptide (FCP) ,HOMA-IR,and lower level of high density lipoprotein ( HDL-C ) significantly; BMI ( OR = 1.25, P ＜0. 001 ), TG ( OR = 1.74, P = 0. 008 ) and HOMA-IR ( OR = 2. 33, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors of NAFLD while H DL-C was independent protective factor; ALT was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0. 255, P ＜0. 001 ) ,TG(r =0. 156,P ＜0. 018) ,UA(r =0. 239,P ＜0. 001 ) ,FIns(r =0. 213,P =0. 001) ,FCP(r =0. 199,P ＜0. 003), HOMA-IR ( r = 0. 247, P ＜ 0. 001 ) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r = - 0. 199, P =0. 002) ,and BMI (β =0. 456,P =0. 048) ,UA (β =0. 021 ,P =0. 025) and HOMA-IR(β =3.634 ,P =0. 004)were independent associated facrors. The difference of CIMT between the two groups didn't reach statistical significance, while mutiple regression analysis revealed that ALT was independently associated with CIMT(β =0. 002,P = 0. 013). Conclusion T2DM patients with NAFLD show more serious disorder of metabolism and insulin resistance. ALT is an independent risk factor of CIMT in T2DM patients.