Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Portal Vein ; Venous Thrombosis

Objective To observe the effects of Tongluo recipe on extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) pathway in the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced rat models of type 1 diabetes mellitus, andto explore the renoprotective mechanism of Tongluo recipe. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (A, n = 10) and experimental group. Rats in the experimental group were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body mass), and were randomly subdivided into group B (diabetic control, n = 10), group C (diabetic rats treated with low dose of Tongluo recipe, 0. 5 g/[kg • d], n = 10), group D (diabetic rats treated with medium dose of Tongluo recipe, 1. 0 g/[kg • d], n = 10), group E (diabetic rats treated with high dose of Tongluo recipe,2. 0 g/[kg • d], n = 10) and group F (diabetic rats treated with losartan, 30 mg/[kg • d],n=10). At the end of the 12th week rats were sacrificed, and the serum glucose, triacylglycerol(TG), total cholesterol(Choi), serum creatinine(Scr), urea nitrogen(BUN) in blood, 24-hour urine protein(Upro24), microalbuminuria (MAU), and creatinine in urine(UCR) were examined. The kidney mass/body mass (KM/BM) and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) were calculated. The left kidneyswere collected, weighed and subjected to H-E staining and PAS staining to observe the pathological changes; serum and renal tissue angiotensin II (Ang II) levels were determined by ELISA; the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2) was detectedby immunohistochemical staining and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression was determined by Western blotting analysis. Results Compared with group B, group D had a slighter mesangial proliferation under light microscope. Besides, rats in group D had significantly decreased Ccr, BUN, MAU, and Upro24 in the serum, and decreased Ang II in the serum and renal tissue, and decreased KM/BM, VEGF and p-ERK1/2 levels in renal tissue compared with rats in group B(P<0. 05). The medium dose of Tongluo recipe and losartan showed similar effects in improving the renal function and inhibiting Ang II, VEGF, and p-ERK1/2 expression of diabetic rats. Conclusion The renoprotective effect of Tongluo recipe may be related to inhibition of ERK1/2 cascade pathway by decreasing the expression of Ang II and VEGF.

Objective To observe the effects of Tongluo reeipe on extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) pathway in the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced rat models of type 1 diabetes mellitus, and to explore the renoprotective mechanism of Tongluo reeipe. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (A, n=10) and experimental group. Rats in the experimental group were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body mass), and were randomly subdivided into group B (diabetic control, n=10), group C (diabetic rats treated with low dose of Tongluo recipe,0.5g/[kg · d], n=10), group D (diabetic rats treated with medium dose of Tongluo recipe, 1.0g/[kg · d], n=10), group E (diabetic rats treated with high dose of Tongluo recipe, 2.0g/[kg · d], n=10) and group F (diabetic rats treated with losartan, 30 mg/[kg · d],n=10). At the end of the 12th week rats were sacrificed, and the serum glucose, triacylglycerol(TG), total cholesterol(Chol), serum creatinine(Scr), urea nitrogen(BUN) in blood, 24-hour urine protein(Upro24), microalbuminuria (MAU), and creatinine in urine (UCR) were examined. The kidney mass/body mass (KM/BM) and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) were calculated. The left kídneys were collected, weighed and subjected to H-E staining and PAS staining to observe the pathological changes; serum and renal tissue angiotensin II (Ang II) levels were determined by ELISA; the expressíon of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) was detected by immunohistochemical staining and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression was determined by Western blotting analysis. Results Compared with group B, group D had a slighter mesangial proliferation under light microscope. Besides, rats in group D had significantly decreased Ccr, BUN, MAU, and Upro24 in the serum, and decreased Ang II in the serum and renal tissue, and decreased KM/BM, VEGF and p-ERK1/2 levels in renal tissue compared with rats in group B(P<0.05). The medium dose of Tongluo recipe and losartan showed similar effects in improving the renal function and inhibiting Ang II, VEGF, and p-ERK1/2 expression of diabetic rats. Conclusion The renoprotective effect of Tongluo recipe may be related to inhibition of ERK1/2 cascade pathway by decreasing the expression of Ang II and VEGF.

Objective: To observe the effects of Tongluo recipe on the renal expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), advanced glycation end products receptor (RAGE) and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) in streptozotocin-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes mellitus, and to explore the mechanism of its renoprotective effect. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-220 g, were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (A, n=10) and model group (n=50). Rat diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight), and the model rats were randomly subdivided into B group (diabetic control, n=10), C group (diabetic rats treated with low dose of Tongluo recipe, 0.5 g·kg-1·d-1, n=10), D group (diabetic rats treated with medium dose of Tongluo recipe, 1.0 g·kg -1·d-1, n=10), E group (diabetic rats treated with high dose of Tongluo recipe, 2.0 g·kg-1·d-1, n=10), and F group (diabetic rats treated with losartan, 30 g·kg -1·d-1, n=10). At the end of the 12th week the rats were sacrificed and were weighed; the urea nitrogen (BUN) in blood, serum creatinine (Scr), 24 h albumin excretion rate (UPRO24), microalbuminuria (MAU) and creatinine in urine (Ucr) were analyzed by bio-chemical methods. The left kidneys were weighed and the right kidneys were subjected to real-time PCR analysis for the expression of CTGF and RAGE mRNA. Western blotting analysis was used to examine the expression of CTGF, RAGE, p-ERK1/2, and total-ERK1/2 protein expression. Results: The creatinine clearance rate, urea nitrogen, 24 h albumin excretion rate, and microalbuminuria in group D and E were significantly lower than those of group B. And the renal functions of rats in group D and E were improved and the expression of RAGE and CTGF mRNA and protein and p-ERK1/2 protein expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tongluo recipe may exert its renoprotective effect through inhibiting RAGE-ERK1/2-CTGF signal pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of Qijiao shengbai capsule in the adjuvant treatment of leukope-nia,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from CJFD,VIP,Wanfang Database and Medline and EMBase,randomized controlled trials(RCT) about the efficacy of Qijiao shengbai capsule (test group) versus blank control(control group) in the adjuvant treatment of leucopenia were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after the quality assessment and data extraction. RESULTS:A total of 15 RCTs were included,involving 1 383 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed the total effective rate [OR=0.31,95%CI(0.23,0.43),P<0.001],obvious effective rate [OR=0.31,95%CI(0.24,0.41),P<0.001],leukocyte count [MD=-1.04,95%CI(-1.10,-0.98),P<0.001] and myelosuppres-sion reduction [OR=0.27,95%CI(0.14,0.52),P<0.001] in test group were significantly higher than control group,there were sig-nificant differences. Only 9 patients had adverse reactions of mild diarrhea,nausea and other symptoms,and it relieved after symp-tomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Qijiao shengbai capsule has achieve good efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of leukopenia. Due to the limits of quality and sample size,more strict designed,long-term follow-up of large scale RCTs are needed for the fur-ther verification of the conclusion.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of Yinzhihuang oral liquid in the adjuvant treat-ment of neonatal jaundice,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from CJFD,VIP Da-tabase,Wanfang Database,Medline and EMBase,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about the effectiveness of Yinzhihuang oral liquid(test group)based on the canventional treatment(control group)in the adjuvant treatment of neonatal jaundice were collect-ed,and Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extracting and quality evaluating by modified Jadad. RESULTS:Totally 12 RCTs were enrolled,involving 1585 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed total effective rate [OR=0.19,95%CI(0.12,0.30),P<0.001],serum total bilirubin levels [MD=-40.78,95%CI(-42.68,-38.89),P<0.001] and time of bilirubin decreased to normal [MD=-2.56,95%CI(-2.72,-2.40),P<0.001] in test group were significantly better than control group,the differences were statistically significant between 2 groups;3 reports of adverse reactions showed scme children had vomiting and mild diarrhea,they were improved after symptomatic treatment,and it did not affect the treatment. CONCLU-SIONS:The effectiveness of Yinzhihuang oral liquid is good in the adjuvant treatment of neonatal jaundice,with mild adverse reac-tions.

OBJECTIVE:Tosystematically evaluate the efficacy of Yixinshu capsule in the adjuvant treatmentof angina pecto-ris,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from CJFD,VIP Database,Wanfang Data-base,Medline and EMBase,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about the efficacyof Yixinshu capsule(test group)versus other drugs (control group) in the adjuvant treatment of angina pectoris were collected. Meta-analysis was performed bu using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by modified Jadad. RESULTS:Totally 11 RCTs were enrolled,involving 1 827 pa-tients. Results of Meta-analysis showed the total effective rate of angina pectoris improvement [OR=0.30,95%CI(0.23,0.40),P<0.001] and electrocardiogram improvement [OR=0.52,95%CI(0.41,0.66),P<0.001] in test group were significantly higher than control group,there was significant difference between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Yixinshu is effective for the adjuvant treatment of angina pectoris.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of the nickel ion and provide with basic data for the biological evaluation of those medical devices containing nickel. Seven cell lines were chosen. They were L929, h9c2(2-1), 293[HEK-293], hFOB1.19, THLE-3, H9 and IM-9 respectively. According to the principle of biological evaluation of medical devices, MTT method was chosen to test the cytotoxicity in different concentrations of nickel ion. For each cell line, the relative growth rate (RGR) was obtained and the cytotoxic grade was classified. Besides, IC50 values were calculated. As a result, it was found that the sensitivity was different among all cell lines. H9 was the most sensitive one, while the L929 was the most tolerant one. The concentration which is not above 1.25 mg/L was safe for all seven cell lines, because the cytotoxicity for all cells exposed in this concentration were not higher than grade 1. According to the criteria for medical devices, the concentrations not above 5 mg/L were safe for L929 cells. This result helps us to roughly assess the cytotoxicity and systematic toxicity caused by nickel contained in medical devices.
Cell Line ; Equipment and Supplies ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Ions ; toxicity ; Nickel ; toxicity

Objective To evaluate the b value of diffusion-weighted(DW)MRI in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods Three diffusion-weighted sequences were implemented with 500,1000 and 2000 s/mm~2 b values respectively on 95 breast lesions in 83 patients.All lesions were confirmed by pathology.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values and signal intensity (SI)were recorded and compared in different lesions(breast cancer,benign lesion,cyst and normal beast tissue)with the same b value and the same lesions with the different b values.Results(1)The mean ADC value and SI of breast cancer were 1.375?0.378 and 839.713?360.493 respectively with b= 500 s/mm~2,1.176?0.311 and 459.314?229.609 with b=1000 s/mm~2,0.824?0.198 and 243.825? 110.616 with b=2000 s/mm~2.The differences in the mean ADC value were significant between two type lesions(cancer and benign lesion,cancer and cyst,cancer and normal breast tissue)with b values of 500 s/mm~2 and 1000 s/mm~2.But the significant differenee was only seen between cancer and benign lesions when b value was 2000 s/mm~2.(2)The one-side upper limits of 95% confidence interval of mean ADCs were adopted as the point to separate the malignant from the benign lesions,the sensitivity was 70.92%, 70.73% and 69.77%,the specificity was 77.19%,75.70% and 54.76%,the accuracy was 77.12%, 74.32% and 62.35% respectively with b values of 500 s/mm~2,1000 s/mm~2 and 2000 s/mm~2.The areas under ROC eurves were Az_(500)=0.775?0.046(P0.05).Conclusion DWI MRI is useful for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions with b values of 500 s/mm~2 and 1000 s/mm~2.

Objective To investigate smoking with its reasons and nicotine dependence in schizophrenic inpatients. Methods Self -designed questionnaire,russell reason for smoking questionnaire and fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FNTD ) were used to investigate the reasons of current smoking status in 245 schizophrenic inpatients. Results There were 43 (17.55%)current smoking among 245 schizophrenic inpatients,including 41 (95.35%)males and 2(4.65%)females;and 21(48.84%)were severely dependent on nicotine who was all male.The average score of FNTD was 4.15 ±2.18.According to the scores of russell,the total scores of smoking reasons were 22.92 ±12.89and 27.67 ±17.36 in male and female patients respectively,with no significant difference(P>0.05).The highest scores of smoking questionnaire were in addiction,activities of hands or mouth and calmness.Conclusion The schizophrenic inpatients were severely dependent on nicotine.The main reasons are addiction,activities of hands or mouth and calmness.