Objective To discuss the effect of early comprehensive development mode on physical, intelligence and mental development of premature infants, and explore the feasibility of comprehensive development mode of preterm infants generally applied in child care clinic. Methods 90 cases of premature infants in intervention group from the beginning of the hospital before the intervention, continuous monitoring and comprehensive intervention including general system health, parenting guidance, family activities, growth monitoring, intelligence assessment, individualized instruction, and so on, for the timely correction of the anomalies. The 90 infants in the control group were only given conventional child health care after 1 month of corrected age. Results The nervous system abnormalities were detected 192 person-times in control group, while 129 person-times in intervention group at 3 months old, the detected rate of nervous system anomaly was higher in the control group than that in the intervention group (χ2=14.574, P=0.000). The body length of the intervention group was (74.31± 2.34) cm, the control group was (72.82 ± 2.13) cm. The body weight of the intervention group was (9.42 ± 0.93) kg, the control group was (8.11 ± 0.90) kg at 12 months old. The growth of weight and length of intervention group were higher than those of control group. The difference was statistically significant ( t=4.467, 9.602, P < 0.05). The development quotient was also assessed, the big activity sport, fine motor, adaptability, social behavior, development quotient of intervention group were (96.40±7.83) points, (95.45± 7.87) points, (98.33±10.87) points, (105.65±7.51) points, (101.45±7.36) points, and the control group were (92.53±6.57) points, (89.27±8.02) points, (94.26±9.88) points, (100.31±8.13) points, (95.65±6.93) points. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.628-5.443, P < 0.05). Conclusions Application of integrated early childhood development in premature infants can find early neurodevelopmental deviations of children and contribute to early intervention on premature infants. Using a combination of family and outpatient intervention may reduce the incidence of neurological abnormalities, improve the level of development of the intelligence assessment and promote premature infant intelligence, motor development and social adaptation ability.

Objective:To study the in vitro and in vivo transdermal enhancement of one kind of arginine oligomer-chitosan ( CS-R9). Methods: In vitro mouse skin as the barrier, Franz diffusion cells were used to study the transdermal property of tinidazole ( TNZ) solution in vitro enhanced by CS-R9 using TNZ solution as the negative control and TNZ solution with Azone as the positive control. The rats were randomly divided into three groups, TNZ solution group ( the negative group) , TNZ solution with Azone group (the positive group) and TNZ solution with CS-R9 group. At the predetermined time intervals, 0. 5 ml blood was withdrawn from the rats and TNZ concentration was detected by HPLC to evaluate the enhancement of CS-R9 on TNZ in vivo. Results:Compared with the negative group, CS-R9 had significant enhancement on TNZ trandermal penetration in vitro(P <0.05), and showed no significant difference with Azone (P>0. 05). The in vivo results showed CS-R9 exhibited similar transdermal enhancement on TNZ as Azone at the same concentration (P>0. 05), and CS-R9 had sustalned-release property. Conclusion: CS-R9 has promising transdermal en-hancement on TNZ, which is valuable to be studied further.

Objective To observe the expression of zinc finger protein A20(A20), NF-κB and related inflammatory factors before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates degeneration of rabbit intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells.Methods The normal and degenerative nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and cultured, then divided into normal group,degenerative group,LPS stimulation group and NF-κB inhibition group.HE staining observe the morphological changes of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus,immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of A20,NF-κB/p65 and COL-Ⅱ.Real-time PCR was employed to analyze the expression of A20,IL-1β,TNF-α,NF-κB and COL-Ⅱ,Western blot was used to observe the A20 protein,p65 and COL-Ⅱexpression in the four groups, and TNF-α, IL-1β in cell supernatant was determined by ELISA.Results The number of nucleuspulposus cells significantly decreased, aggregation occured in the degenerative group.COL-Ⅱ was obvious lower and A20, p65 significantly higher than that in normal group by immunohistochemical staining.Compared with the normal group,A20,TNF-α,IL-1β,p65 expression was significantly increased and COL-Ⅱ decreased in the mRNA and protein levels in degenerative group.Above indexes changed more significant in LPS stimulation group than in degenerative group.The expression of A20, TNF-α, IL-1β, p65 in the NF-κB inhibitor group was lower than that in the LPS group, and the expression of type Ⅱ collagen increased(P<0.05).Conclusions Intervertebral disc inflammatory response is closely related to the development of intervertebral disc degeneration, A20 may play an important role.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracosis ; blood ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; metabolism ; Cross Infection ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; blood ; Serum ; chemistry

Objective:To study the effect of molecular weight and degree of substitution (DS) of chitosan-poly-arginine (CS-R9) on transdermal penetration enhancement in vitro. Methods:Low molecular CS, medium molecular CS or high molecular CS was respectively used to synthesize CS-R9 with different molecular weight (LCS-R9-1, MCS-R9 and HCS-R9). Low molecular CS was used to synthesize CS-R9 with various degree of substitution by changing the mole ratio between R9 and CS (LCS-R9-1, LCS-R9-2 and LCS-R9-3). The in vitro transdermal penetration enhancement of the different CS-R9 on tinidazole ( TNZ) was studied using Franz diffusion cells. Results:According to the results of FTIR and 1 H-NMR, a series of target CS-R9 were synthesized including LCS-R9-1 with the DS of 2. 30, MCS-R9 with the DS of 2. 17, HCS-R9 with the DS of 2. 20, LCS-R9-2 with the DS of 8. 05 and LCS-R9-3 with the DS of 15. 87. Compared with the blank control group, Azone group, LCS group, R9 group and LCS+R9 group, LCS-R9-1 could enhance the in vitro transdermal penetration of TNZ significantly (P<0. 05). When the DS was unchanged, LCS-R9-1 and HCS-R9 showed similar enhancement in the first 12h, and the effects were both higher than that of MCS-R9 (P<0. 05). The enhancement of HCS-R9 was decreased during 12-24h, while compared with that of LCS-R9-1, the difference was not notable (P>0. 05). When the molecular weight of CS was unchanged, the effect was increased with the rise of DS in the first 21h, however, after that, the effect was decreased with the rise of DS. Conclusion:Molecular weight and DS both have significant effect on the in vitro transdermal penetration enhancement of CS-R9, and it is valuable to further study the in vivo transdermal penetration enhancement of CS-R9 and underlying mechanisms.

This study was aimed to discuss the ways of converting clinical data entered in the Case Report Form (CRF) to Study Data Tabulation Model (SDTM) database format in clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Currently, there were three approaches for implementing SDTM, which were the pure SDTM approach, submission-only approach and database-only approach. This article compared and analyzed advantages and disadvantages of three approaches and introduced experiences of the Clinical Evaluation Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences using database-only approach for SDTM implementation. The results showed that pure SDTM approach can maximally embrace SDTM standards. However, the current process and software system should be modified. Therefore, it was time-consuming and expensive. The submission-only approach was the most economic way in the application of SDTM standards. However, the data quality and traceability may not be guaranteed. The database-only approach built the study database based on the SDTM standard by writing transformed program before data entry while the data collection system was not SDTM-compatible. It was concluded that database-only approach for implementation SDTM was a suitable and practical way to TCM clinical research.

DPP-4 inhibitors are new oral hypoglycemic drugs and hot spots developed and launched in recent years, and they pro-vide new choices for the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. In China, DPP-4 inhibitors that are approved to use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes are all imported products currently. In the paper, the current intellectual property situation of DPP-4 inhibitors that are developed and approved at home and abroad is researched and analyzed. Reasonable use of the patent information of DPP-4 inhibitors that is about to expire or have failed can provide good guidance for the subsequent development of DPP-4 inhibitors in domestic with promising curative effect and good market prospects, and can generate new patents in order to enhance the market competitiveness.

Objective To observe the effect of autophagy inhibitor on the activation of alcohol induced hepatic stel-late cells, and the mechanisms thereof. Methods HSC-T6 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups, includ-ing blank control group, alcohol group, 5 mmol/L 3-MA+alcohol group (low alcohol group) and 10 mmol/L 3-MA+alcohol group (high alcohol group). RT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels ofα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and typeⅠcollagen. The levels of LC3Ⅱ,α-SMA and typeⅠcollagen were detected by Western blot assay. The cell viability of HSC-T6 was detected by MTT assay. Results The mRNA expressions ofα-SMA, typeⅠcollagen and the protein of expressionsα-SMA, typeⅠcollagen and LC3Ⅱwere significantly up-regulated in alcohol group compared with those of control group (P<0.05), while the expressions of those parameters were significantly down-regulated in 10 mmol/L 3-MA+alcohol group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein levels ofα-SMA and typeⅠcollagen were significantly decreased in two 3-MA-treated groups compared with those in alcohol group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the 5 mmol/L 3-MA+alcohol group,the protein expressions ofα-SMA, typeⅠcollagen and LC3Ⅱwere significantly decreased in10 mmol/L 3-MA+alcohol group (P < 0.05 ). Compared with the alcohol group,there was significantly lower proliferation activity in all two 3-MA-treated groups (P<0.05). Conclusion 3-MA can inhibit the protein expression of LC3Ⅱ,α-SMA and typeⅠcollagen induced by alcohol in HSC-T6 cells, and inhibit the proliferation of HSC cells.

AIM: To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of human umbilical vein (HUV)implantation and mitomycin C (MMC) in non-penetrating trabecular surgery (NPTS). METHODS:A total of 32 patients (46 eyes) with uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were divided into two groups: HUV+MMC group (n=25), SKGEL+MMC group (n=21). The procedure commenced with the creation of a limbus based conjunctival flap. After the dissection of a superficial limbus based rectangular scleral flap, MMC(0.4mg/mL) was used superior and inferior surface of the superficial scleral flap for three minutes. A second limbus based scleral flap was carefully dissected beneath the previous one towards the choroid. Schlemm's canal was deroofed during the extension of the deep scleral flap toits limbal edges. HUV or SKGEL fixed on the bed of sclera in experimental group. Postoperative examinations were performed at 1 week,2,4 weeks;2,6,12 months. IOP,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), functional blebs and success rate were examined. RESULTS: There were no statistically differences with postoperative IOP in HUV+MMC group and SKGEL+MMC group (P>0.05) during 1 week to 12 months. There was no difference with postoperative function blebs and the change of BCVA during 1 week to 12 months between HUV+MMC group and SKGEL+MMC group (P>0.05).At 12 months after surgery, the success rate was 84% in HUV+MMC group,86% in SKGEL+MMC group. CONCLUSION: The application of HUV in NPTS can prevent the adhesion of filtering channel and it can improve the success rate of NPTS. Compared with SKGEL, HUV has lower price. So it is a better implant.

Objective To investigate rheumatic disease manifestations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and explore possible causes.Methods Nine myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS)inpatients with rheumatic disease manifestations were reviewed retrospectively.Results Nine patients with the diagnosis of MDS had active rheumatic disease manifestations with various degree of hypergammaglobulinemia and positive autoantibodies.Two patients had rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and RA+anti-phospholipid syndrome(APS),four systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and SLE+polymyositis(PM),one patients had adult onset Still's disease, one with acute arthritis and cutaneous vassulitis,one had lupus-like manifestations including polyserositis,al- buminuria,hypocomplementemia and positive Commb's test.Conclusion The rheumatic disease manifesta- tions in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes are characterized by various active rheumatic disease manifes- tation.Immunological abnormalities and ineffective hematopoiesis are persistent.Immunologic abnormalities in MDS such as impaired function of T and B cells,hypergammaglobulinemia,positive autoantibodies,may be the causes of various rheumatic manifestations.We suggest that there is a significant association between myeludys- plastic syndrome and rheumatic diseases.