Bacterial Infections ; Humans ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity ; microbiology

BACKGROUNDAlthough the introduction of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements into clinical practice has revolutionized the care of patients with prostate cancer, there are well-recognized limitations of PSA, and there is a critical need to identify additional prostate cancer biomarkers to assist in early detection and prognosis. In this regard, high resolution proteomic technology has the unexceptionable superiority to find those high abundance biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to search new tumor markers by proteomic technology.

METHODSThe proteins in conditioned medium (CM) of BPH-1 and LNCaP cells were profiled by two-dimensional electrophoresis and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The corresponding mRNA levels of some identified proteins were analyzed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSTotally 11 differentially expressed proteins (6 up-regulated including creatine kinase, brain (CKB), triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1), isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) and 5 down-regulated including glutathione S-transferase pi (GST-pi)) in the CM were identified using MALDI-TOF-MS and database search. The expression pattern between mRNA and CM protein levels of CKB, IDH2, TPI1 and GST-pi in BPH-1 and LNCaP was similar.

CONCLUSIONWe proved a feasible and effective way to search new tumor markers by a proteomics-based strategy and identified 11 potentially useful proteins in CM of BPH-1 and LNCaP cells to distinguish prostate cancer from benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Proteome ; analysis

This study was aimed to investigate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be isolated from bone marrow filters which have always been discarded. The bone marrow (BM) particles from BM filters of 2 healthy donors were cultivated by primary explant culture. After expansion, the number of MSC was counted and their immunophenotype and differentiation potential were detected. The results indicated that many MSC were found in bone marrow particles from filters, and nearly 10(7) MSC were obtained at 3 passages of expansion. They not only possessed the characteristics of morphology and immunophenotype of MSC, but also could differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. In conclusion, a large amount of MSC can be obtained from BM filters if the BM particles were cultivated by primary explant culture.
Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Culture Techniques

BACKGROUNDOur previous studies have indicated that the beneficial effects of grafting neural stem cells (NSCs) overexpressing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in rats after stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms are highly debatable. In this study, we investigated whether neurogenesis, Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) signaling were involved in this process.

METHODSTransient ischemic stroke were induced by occluding middle cerebral artery for 2 hours and reperfusion. At 3 days after reperfusion, GDNF/NSCs, NSCs, and vehicle were administered. Immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate neurogenesis by nestin antibody; phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 was investigated by Western blotting analysis.

RESULTSTransplantation of GDNF/NSCs and NSCs significantly increased nestin-positive cells compared to control group (vehicle) from 1 to 7 weeks after reperfusion, and GDNF/NSCs showed stronger effect than NSCs at 2 and 3 weeks after reperfusion. Meanwhile, enhanced phosphorylation level of Erk1/2 was observed in the GDNF/NSCs and NSCs groups compared with control group, and phosphorylation level of Erk1/2 in GDNF/NSCs group was remarkably higher than that of NSCs group at any given time. In contrast, expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), known as inhibitor of Erk1/2 signaling, was significantly decreased in the GDNF/NSCs and NSCs groups compared with the control group. Moreover, much enhanced and prolonged phosphorylation level of Akt of GDNF/NSCs group was detected compared with control and NSCs group.

CONCLUSIONGrafting GDNF/NSCs enhances neurogenesis and activates Akt and Erk1/2 signaling, that may provide the potential for GDNF/NSCs in stroke treatment.

Animals ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; metabolism ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neurogenesis ; physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stroke ; metabolism ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the ability of a polycaprolactone/polylactic acid (PCL/PLA) membrane to inhibit epidural scar adhesion after laminectomy, and observe the responsive changes of the pain media in the spinal cord.

METHODSL(1), L(3) laminectomies were performed on 96 Wistar rats. The rats were divided into 3 groups: None-implant Control Group (NC), Autologous free fat graft group (AFFG) and PCL/PLA membrane group (PCL/PLAm). The rats were killed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Epidural scar formation and adhesion were observed grossly and histologically. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyses the expression of Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in the epidural scar. Immunohistochemistry stain and RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the expression of the substance P and the c-fos gene in the relevant spinal cord, and the results were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSGross evaluation and histological evaluation showed that in the NC lamina defect site had much scar tissue and had wide and tight adhesions to the dura; in the AFFG, with the fat degrading gradually, the adhesions were increased; whereas in the PCL/PLAm group, there were slightly adhesions to the dura. RT-PCR showed that the expression of the TGF-beta was much less in the PCL/PLAm group than in the NC group. The insertion of the PCL/PLA membrane and the fat patch reduced the expression of the substance P and the c-fos gene in the spinal cord.

CONCLUSIONThe insertion of the PCL/PLA membrane reduces scar formation and separates fibrosis tissue from the dura, the results indicate that PCL/PLA membrane is an effective way of reducing peridural scar formation and preventing the failed back surgery syndrome.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Cicatrix ; prevention & control ; Female ; Lactic Acid ; Laminectomy ; adverse effects ; Membranes, Artificial ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Spinal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Substance P ; biosynthesis ; Tissue Adhesions ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo study the potential risk factors of human infecting with Streptococcus suis.

METHODS1: M matched case-control study was conducted. 29 human cases of Streptococcus suis infection in the early phase were included in the case group, Patients' family members, neighbors and peoples who had worked together with patients to handle deceased or sick pigs in the last week were recruited as matched controls. There were 147 controls in total. Both cases and controls received questionnaire investigation including the ways to contact sick/dead pigs. Conditional logistic regression was employed to analyze matching data.

RESULTSAccording to the results of multivariate analysis, slaughtering (OR = 11.978, 95% CI: 3.355-42.756), carcasses cutting and processing (OR = 3.008, 95% CI: 1.022-8.849) sick/dead pigs were associated with cases related to human Streptococcus suis infection. The attributable risk proportion were 91.65% and 66.76% respectively. The other types of exposures to sick/ dead pigs, including feeding, selling, burying and eating, were not associated with the human Streptococcus suis infection in our study population.

CONCLUSIONSlaughtering, carcasses cutting and processing sick/dead pigs were important risky behavior for humans to be infected by Streptococcus suis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Streptococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; microbiology ; Streptococcus suis ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo describe the clinical and epidemiological features of dead cases with human Streptococcus suis infections, and to find the target population for preventing death and the related indicators.

METHODSEpidemiological investigation on human Streptococcus suis infections was implemented used unified questionnaires. Analysis on dead cases and survival cases (as contrast) was done.

RESULTSThe population with highest fatality rate was in 40-49 age group. 97.37% of dead cases had toxic shock syndrome. The mean interval from onset to admission was 0.76 days, and the mean course was 2.11 days. The progression among dead cases was faster than that among survival cases. Chief clinical manifestations of dead cases that are more frequent than survival cases are purpura (73.68%), diarrhea (50.0%), dyspnea (21.05%), conjunctival congestion (34.21%), etc. Renal impairment and liver involvement in dead cases were more significant than that in survival cases. No significant difference between mean incubation period, exposure rates of main risk factors in dead cases and in survival cases was found.

CONCLUSIONPreventing toxic shock syndrome might reduce the fatality rate. The target population for preventing death is aged > or = 40. Liver function and renal function testing might be indicators for monitoring the progression of human Streptococcus suis infections.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Streptococcal Infections ; blood ; microbiology ; mortality ; pathology ; Streptococcus suis ; physiology ; Young Adult

【Objective】 Thrombelastogram(TEG) was used to detect the blood clotting function of patients with esophageal cancer in each stage of perioperative period, so as to understand the change pattern of blood clotting function in patients with esophageal cancer during perioperative period, and to guide the postoperative anticoagulation or hemostasis treatment. 【Methods】 Sixty patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment between May 2017 and May 2019 in Jiangmen Central Hospital were selected as the experimental group, and 60 cases of healthy physical examination were selected as the normal control group. By contrasting with the normal control group, results of blood sample testing for the experimental group 1 day before, 1 day after operation, and the 7th day postoperative thrombosis elastic figure were used to analyze the change of the esophageal perioperative blood coagulation function. 【Results】 Compared with the control group before surgery, the TEG parameters R, K and LY30 decreased, and Angle, MA and CI increased, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group after surgery, the R and K values of TEG parameters in the experimental group decreased significantly, while Angle, MA and CI values increased significantly, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.01), and LY30 values decreased, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05). Compared with the experimental group before and after surgery, the TEG parameters R and K decreased, and the values of LY30, Angle, MA and CI increased, with no statistically significant difference(P > 0.05). Seven days after the operation and 1 day after the operation, the values of R and K of TEG decreased, and the values of MA and CI increased, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05) . 【Conclusion】 All patients with esophageal cancer presented hypercoagulability before and after operation.Surgery and anesthesia did not significantly change the coagulation status of esophageal cancer. In the postoperative recovery process, the hypercoagulable state will be more obvious.

We performed molecular identification of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum) and conducted drug susceptibility testing to analyze the in vitro susceptibility of clinical M. fortuitum isolates and potential molecular mechanism conferring resistance to fluoroquinolone and macrolide drugs. The results showed that moxifloxacin had the highest in vitro activity against M. fortuitum, and most M. fortuitum isolates were resistant to clarithromycin and linezolid in China. The loss of genetic mutation in clarithromycin- and amikacin-resistant isolates indicates that some other intrinsic mechanism conferring clarithromycin and amikacin resistance plays an essential role in M. fortuitum infection.
Antitubercular Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium fortuitum ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the infection status and changing trend of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in hospitalized patients in medical institutions,and provide reference for formulating HCV infection prevention and control strategies.Methods HCV infection surveillance results from cross-sectional survey data reported to China Healthcare-associated Infection(HAI)Surveillance System in 2020 were summarized and analyzed,HCV positive was serum anti-HCV positive or HCV RNA positive,survey result was compared with the survey results from 2003.Results In 2020,1 071 368 inpatients in 1 573 hospitals were surveyed,738 535 of whom underwent HCV test,4 014 patients were infected with HCV,with a detection rate of 68.93％and a HCV positive rate of 0.54％.The positive rate of HCV in male and female patients were 0.60％and 0.48％,respectively,with a statistically sig-nificant difference(x2=47.18,P＜0.001).The HCV positive rate in the 50-＜60 age group was the highest(0.76％),followed by the 40-＜50 age group(0.71％).Difference among all age groups was statistically signifi-cant(x2=696.74,P＜0.001).In 2003,91 113 inpatients were surveyed.35 145 of whom underwent HCV test,resulting in a detection rate of 38.57％;775 patients were infected with HCV,with a positive rate of 2.21％.In 2020,HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales were 0.46％-0.63％,with the highest in hospital with bed numbers ranging 600-899.Patients'HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales was statistically signifi-cant(X2=35.34,P＜0.001).In 2020,12 provinces/municipalities had over 10 000 patients underwent HCV-rela-ted test,and HCV positive rates ranged 0.19％-0.81％,with the highest rate from Hainan Province.HCV posi-tive rates in different departments were 0.06％-0.82％,with the lowest positive rate in the department of pedia-trics and the highest in the department of internal medicine.In 2003 and 2020,HCV positive rates in the depart-ment of infectious diseases were the highest,being 7.95％and 3.48％,respectively.Followed by departments of orthopedics(7.72％),gastroenterology(3.77％),nephrology(3.57％)and general intensive care unit(ICU,3.10％)in 2003,as well as departments of gastroenterology(1.35％),nephrology(1.18％),endocrinology(0.91％),and general intensive care unit(ICU,0.79％)in 2020.Conclusion Compared with 2003,HCV positive rate decreased significantly in 2020.HCV infected patients were mainly from the department of infectious diseases,followed by departments of gastroenterology,nephrology and general ICU.HCV infection positive rate varies with gender,age,and region.