The relation between the expression and activity of MMP-9 in C-reactive protein (CRP)-induced human THP-1 mononuclear cells and the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) was studied to investigate the possible role of CRP in plaque destabilization. Human THP-1 cells were incubated in the presence of CRP at 0 (control group), 25, 50 and 100 mug/mL (CRP groups) for 24 h. In PDTC (a specific NF-kappaB inhibitor) group, the cells were pre-treated with PDTC at 10 mumol/L and then with 100 mug/mL CRP. The conditioned media (CM) and human THP-1 cells in different groups were harvested. MMP-9 expression in CM and human THP-1 cells was measured by ELISA and Western blotting. MMP-9 activity was assessed by fluorogenic substrates. The expression of NF-kappaB inhibitor alpha (IkappaB-alpha) and NF-kappaB P(65) was detected by Western blotting and ELISA respectively. The results showed that CRP increased the expression and activity of MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner in the human THP-1 cells. Western blotting revealed that IkappaB-alpha expression was decreased in the cells with the concentrations of CRP and ELISA demonstrated that NF-kappaB P65 expression in the CRP-induced cells was increased. After pre-treatment of the cells with PDTC at 10 mumol/L, the decrease in IkappaB-alpha expression and the increase in NF-kappaB P(65) expression in the CRP-induced cells were inhibited, and the expression and activity of MMP-9 were lowered too. It is concluded that increased expression and activity of MMP-9 in CRP-induced human THP-1 cells may be associated with activation of NF-kappaB. Down-regulation of the expression and activity of MMP-9 may be a new treatment alternative for plaque stabilization by inhibiting the NF-kappaB activation.

Background Many methods are widely studied to improve the therapeutic effect of trabeculectomy for glaucoma,and the clinical effectiveness of the amniotic membrane application during trabeculectomy is one of the research hotspots.Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety between trabeculectomy with (TE-AMT) and without amniotic membrane transplantation (TE-noAMT) for treating glaucoma.Methods Articles published from 1965 to December 2010 were searched from The Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE,CNKI,Chinese Biomedicine Database,internet by computer,and manual search then was performed according to the predetermined strategy.Randomized controlled trials (RCT) on TE-AMT and TE-noAMT were included.The quality of included articles were scored based on Jadad table,and the relative parameters and information were extracted,including author,design of the trials,country,number of eyes and patients,gender,follow-up duration,age,classification of glaucoma,baseline IOP and loss rate.The main analysis indicators were the percentage of IOP reduction,completely operative successful rate,qualified success rate and adverse events.The pooled estimates were carried out with RevMan version 5.0 software.Results Nineteen RCTs documents were reviewed by meta-analysis with the Jaded scores ≥3 in 2 papers and ＜3 in 17 papers.Total 977 eyes of 818 patients were included.The weighted mean differences (WMD) of the percentage of IOP from baseline were (WMD =8.47％,95％ CI:5.20-11.75) at 6 months and (WMD=9.37％,95％ CI:4.97-13.77) at 12 months postoperatively.Relative risk (RR) of complete success rate and qualified success rate at postoperative 6 months were (1.40,95％ CI:1.19-1.65) and (0.47,95％ CI:0.22-1.00),respectively.RR values of adverse event such as shallow anterior chamber,hyphema,hypotony and choroidal detachment,failed filtering blebs at 6,12 months were 0.51 (95 ％ CI:0.30-0.85),0.43 (95％ CI:0.20-0.92),0.51(95％CI:0.26-1.00) and 0.57(95％CI:0.14-2.31),0.31(95％CI:0.20-0.47),0.31 (95％ CI:0.17-0.55),respectively.Conclusions TE-AMT appears to have better efficacy in lowering IOP,increasing complete success rate and reducing adverse event I in comparison with TE-noAMT.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of large sized continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis ( CCC ) involving zonular area in manual small incision cataract surgery ( MSICS) .
METHODS:Totally 1 443 cataract patients ( 1 965 eyes ) underwent MSICS, in which large CCC up to 7-8mm were performed . The related conditions such as success rate of performing CCC, capsule rupture, corneal edema and visual acuity after surgery were recorded and statistically analyzed.
RESULTS:In total of 1 965 eyes, 1 942 eyes ( 98. 83%) had successful CCC, 15 eyes (0. 76%) had a radial tear which could not be saved when performing CCC, 8 eyes (0. 41%) had anterior capsule opened with a cystotome or a scissor due to capsule membrane calcification. No posterior capsule rupture occurred, and intraocular lens was transplanted in all cases. Transient corneal edema was noted in 36 eyes (1. 83%). One day after surgery, 1650 eyes (83. 97%) had visual acuity ≥0. 5, 1867 eyes (95. 01%) ≥0. 3. No unstable intraocular lens was noted in all cases.
CONCLUSION:Large CCC technique for MSICS is safe and reliable, not decreasing stability capsular bag and intraocular lens. It is of high originality despite zonular area is involved so that it is worthy of application in basic medical institutions.

Though all the marketed drugs of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors are structurally different, their inherent correlation is worthy of further investigation. Herein we rapidly discovered a novel DPP-IV inhibitor 8g (IC50 = 4.9 nmol.L-1) which exhibits as good activity and selectivity as the market drugs through scaffold hopping and drug splicing strategies based on alogliptin and linagliptin. This study demonstrated that the employment of classic medicinal chemistry strategy to the marketed drugs with specific target is an efficient approach to discover novel bioactive molecules.
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Linagliptin ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Piperidines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Uracil ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

There exist some problems such as faultiness in system,illogicality in constructing of team,the simple ways and means in teaching inspection.Therefore,the universities in our country must take such measures as system healthiness,team construction,and mechanism function improvement.

Objective To report a case of progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPD) with two kinds of WISP3 gene mutation. Methods A case of PPD was reported. Its clinical profile and the process of diagnosis were analyzed, and the related literature were reviewed. Results A 15-years old boy, who developed progressive joint pain and enlargement with spine involvement, was diagnosed as PPD. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were in normal range, rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibody were all negative. HLA-B27 was also negative. Gene study discovered two kinds of mutations in Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein 3 (WISP3) gene: c.589+2T＞C and c.624dupA. Radiographic studies revealed severe osteoporosis without erosion, platyspondylia, enlargement of metaphysis and scoliosis deformity. The joint space of sacroiliac joint and articulation of pubis were significantly widened. Conclusion PPD is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cartilage homeostasis. It is associated with WISP3 gene mutations. Gene detection, laboratory examination and typical radiographic features are helpful for the diagnosis. This is the first report of c.589+2T＞C and c.624dupA mutations in patients with PPD in our country.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of early enteral nutrition and delayed enteral nutrition on severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Sixty-four patients of severe acute pancreatitis were enrolled into two groups: early enteral nutrition group was used as the treatment group and delayed enteral nutrition was used as the control group. Two weeks after the treatment, Variables of TP, ALB, CRP, APACHEⅡscore, hospital stay and recovery time of blood and urine amylase were compared between the two groups. Results The TP and ALB of the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The CRP and APACHEⅡscore of the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the recovery time of blood amylase, urine amylase and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion Using early enteral nutrition treatment in patients with severe acute pancreatitis is efficient, worthy of clinical use.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the anti-tumor effect of Xihuang pill on tumor-bearing rats and its effect on the immune clearance function of tumor-bearing organisms.

METHODWalker256 tumor cells were adopted to establish the tumor-bearing rat model. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control group, the model control group, the lentinan group and Xihuang pill low dose, middle dose and high dose groups, with 10 rats in each group, and continuously treated and given drugs for 14 d after modeling. Blood and tumors were collected from abdominal aorta to calculate the tumor inhibition rate. The content of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells and adhesion molecule B7-1 (CD80) in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The expressions of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in were determined by ELISA.

RESULTThe tumor inhibition rate of the Xihuang pill high dose group was 33. 1 percent. Compared with the model group, the Xihuang pill large dose group showed significantly low IL-2, IFN-gamma, CD3+, CD4+, B7-1 in peripheral blood, with statistical significance in their differences (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONXihuang pill could show its anti-tumor effect by enhancing the immune clearance function and increasing IL-2, IFN-gamma, CD3+ T, CD4+ T, B7-1 in peripheral blood.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; B7-1 Antigen ; genetics ; immunology ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immune System ; drug effects ; Immunologic Factors ; administration & dosage ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-2 ; genetics ; immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo compare the indications and therapeutic effects of several invasive interventions in treating postoperative sputum retention.

METHODSBronchoscopy, cricothyroidotomy, intubation or tracheotomy was performed in 112 patients with postoperative sputum retention from January 2002 to December 2006. There were 95 male and 17 female patients. The age ranged from 14- to 81-years-old with a mean of (65.2 +/- 11.1) years old. Their clinical data were collected to prove the improvement of PaO2, SpO2, and pulmonary atelectasis. Sputum clearance results of these invasive methods were compared as well.

RESULTSBronchoscopies were effective in 24 out of 60 cases (40.0%), while the rest 36 cases called for multiple bronchoscopies or other maneuvers. Tracheal intubations were effective in 31.2% (15/48) patients, among whom 11 patients required further cricothyroidotomies, and 22 patients required tracheotomies. Intubations and bronchoscopies resulted shorter intervention durations and efficacy durations, comparing with the other two methods.

CONCLUSIONSPersonalized risk analysis helps decision making in invasive interventions for postoperative sputum clearance. Tracheal intubations and bronchoscopic clearance are helpful in short-term symptomatic relief and recommended the first choice in cases of postoperative sputum retentions.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Care ; Retrospective Studies ; Sputum ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures ; Tracheotomy ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the clinical factors for pathologic complete response ( pCR) after preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ( neo?CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer. Methods From 2005 to 2012, 297 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and complete clinical data were enrolled as subjects. Those patients were diagnosed with biopsy and treated with neo?CRT ( radiotherapy by 3?dimonsional conformal radiotherapy or volumetric?modulated arc therapy) followed by radical surgery. The logistic regression model was used for the multivariate analyses of the correlation of pCR with age, gender, distance between tumor and the anal verge, serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA ) before treatment, hemoglobin level before treatment, cT staging, and cN staging. Results In all patients, 78 ( 26?7%) patients had pCR after treatment. The numbers of patients with pCR were 42( 34?4%) in patients with stage T1?T3 disease and 37(21?1%) in patients with stage T4 disease. In the patients with serum CEA levels no higher than 5?33 ng/ml, 55(36?4%) had pCR after treatment, while in the patients with serum CEA levels higher than 5?33 ng/ml, only 24( 16?4%) had pCR. The univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, distance between tumor and the anal verge, anemia before treatment, or cN staging were not related to pCR. The multivariate analysis showed that stage cT1?T3 and a serum CEA level no higher than 5?33 ng/ml before treatment were influencing factors for pCR after neo?CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer ( P=0?031,P=0?000) . Conclusions The clinical staging and the serum CEA level before treatment are influencing factors for pCR after neo?CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer. The serum CEA level before treatment can be considered as a predictor of pCR after neo?CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer.