Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications ; Retinol-Binding Proteins ; urine

Bone tissure engineering plays an important role in tissure engineering. It typically uses an osteoblasts, artificial extracellular matrix (scaffold), and osteoinductive factors which promote cell attachment, differentiation, and mineralized bone formation. So it contents three problems at least: osteoblasts culture in vivo and in vitro, scaffold studies and regulation factors. Bone defect caused by trauma, tumor and inflammation is a frequent and formidable problem in clinical orthopedics. It appears that artificial bone produced by bone tissure engineering can save the problem well. With the development of tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering is developing rapidly. However, seldom experiments are on human body, and fewer productions of bone tissure engineering are used in clinic.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; physiology ; Osteogenesis ; Tissue Engineering ; trends ; Tissue Scaffolds

Objective To delimit the natural infectious focus, including the distribution of wildlife,species, ecology of intermediate hosts and final host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, as well as the routes of transmission and epidemiological characteristics and wildlife of human Angiostrongylus cantonensis, based on human diverging cases identified in Shenzhen, southern area of China. Methods Data including rate of infection and density of Angiostrongylus cantonensis among different hosts in 12 different areas in Shenzhen was collected, using microscope to inspect homogenate liquids of snails. Wild mice were captured with mouse cage to examine the adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Using larva isolated from wild-snails-infected rats to observe the life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Results Wild life of Angiostrongylus cantonensis existed in the southwest part of Shenzhen with its majority intermediate hosts as Achatina fulica. The overall rate of infection was 31% in wildlife and final host was found to be Rattus andersoni, Achatina fulica which were extensively distributed in the shrub region of Shenzhen because of suitable climate,humidity and vegetation for generating the life cycle of Achatina fulica. Human infected Angiostrongylus cantonensis was mainly due to eating raw snails or vegetables contaminated by larva of Angiostrongylus cantonensis.The peak of infection was seen from April to November in Shenzhen area.Conclusion Wildlife of Angiostrongylus cantonensis existed in the southwest part of Shenzhen with major wildlife reservoir including fresh water snail and wild mouse. The existence of natural focus Angiostrongylus cantonensis was now recognized as an important source of human angiostrongliasis in Shenzhen area.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the condensability of mandibular length.

METHODSIn six goats were used in the study. Corticotomy at right mandibular angles was performed via extral-oral accession. Special devices were applied to shorten the mandible by 0.5 mm per three days respectively.

RESULTS1. Mandibular angles of the six goats were shorten by 0.8 cm to 1.3 cm respectively in 48 days to 78 days; 2. In spite of the lower ascending ramus moving forward and angles being blunt, the occlusion scarcely varied because of contralateral bite-lock; 3. X-ray demonstrated that, at first, bone density in contracted areas declined, and then increased gradually to almost normal density; 4. Under microscope there were three tissues layers from central to lateral within the bone gap: fiber layer, cartilage layer and bone layer, and fiber layer gradually transform into cartilage layer with the fixed time. At the end of fixation they all transform into bone tissue.

CONCLUSIONContraction osteogenesis is actually a process of compression, absorption and rebuilding. It is feasible that using contraction osteogenesis to shorten the mandible via cortcotomy.

Animals ; External Fixators ; Female ; Goats ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Mandibular Advancement ; methods ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Osteotomy ; Periosteum ; surgery ; Pressure

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of the study was to examine the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) on the bone-marrow-derived human adult mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).

METHODSThe hMSCs were isolated and cultured with GM-CSF and IL-4 for a period of one month. A single colony of transformed cells was then isolated and their phenotype was characterized by morphology, surface marker expression, and in vivo tumorigenesis.

RESULTSAfter one month culture, the transformed mesenchymal cells exhibited the morphology and phenotype similar to those of tumor cells, and also caused multiple fast growing lung deposits when it was injected into immunodeficient mice.

CONCLUSIONCytokines-driven malignant transformation of hMSCs may be a useful model for studying signaling pathways initiating malignant transformation of hMSC.

Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-4 ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects

In order to study the influence of trichosanthin (TCS) on apoptosis and growth inhibition of human NB4 cells in vitro, the expression of annexin V and the change of DeltaPsim of NB4 cells induced by TCS was analyzed by FACS, and MTT assay was adopted to measure the growth inhibition ratio of NB4 cells treated with TCS. Apoptosis was assayed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed the higher concentration of TCS and the longer the acting time, the stronger growth inhibition of NB4 cells. The expression of annexin V was positive, and the positive ratio was greatly enhanced with prolongation of acting time. DeltaPsim reduced gradually while the apoptosis cells increasing. DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed a gradient, which confirmed that TCS could induce NB4 cells apoptosis. In conclusion, taken together, data show that TCS can inhibit NB4 growth in vitro, and induce apoptosis. Experiment provides an important evidence for application of TCS in clinical treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; DNA Fragmentation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Trichosanthin ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the current situation in Chinese rheumatologic physicians' clinical diagnosis and evaluation of Takayasu's arteritis (TA).Methods Nineteen rheumatology experts and three vascular surgery specialists in China were invited to make the nationwide investigation for the first time about the diagnosis and disease activity evaluation of TA in China,through the questionnaire survey on the internet.Weighted average was used to calculate the average scores of corresponding problems.Results Chinese experts mainly adopted 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for clinical diagnosis of TA.In details,symptoms of age,limb claudication and amaurosis,signs including pulselessness or pulse weakening,vascular bruits,increasing bilateral pulse pressure and hypertension and acute phase reactants (APR) were critical to the clinical diagnosis of TA.Besides,noninvasive imaging examinations,such as computed tomography angiography (CTA),magnetic resonance angiography (MRA),vascular ultrasonography,and positron emission tomography (PET) were also of great importance.In the aspect of disease activity assessment,Chinese experts mainly used Kerr scoring tool.APR and noninvasive radiological examinations were considered with vital value.Some TA patients with carotid artery involvement were recommended using vascular ultrasonography,while others with pulmonary artery and thoracic/abdominal aorta trunk involvement were preferred CTA other than MRA.Conclusions APR and noninvasive imaging examinations were thought with great help to make clinical diagnosis and evaluation of TA for Chinese physicians.

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the clinical and pathological informations of metastatic prostate cancer patients to find the predictive factors of the survival.

METHODSTo filter 364 cases of metastatic prostate cancer in the 940 cases of prostate cancer that were treated in Cancer Hospital Fudan University in Shanghai from March 1998 to June 2009, the cases had hormonal therapy and full clinical and pathological records. All the 364 cases were followed up and the clinical and pathological informations were analyzed, to find the predictive factors that related to the prognosis. Statistic software SPSS 15.0 was used for analysis. Cumulative survival was analyzed by the method of Kaplan-Meier. Cox regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Log-rank method was used for the significance test.

RESULTSThe last follow-up date was 30th June 2009 and the median follow-up time was 24 months. At the final follow-up, 240 cases were alive, 109 cases were dead and 15 cases were lost to follow up. The median survival time of metastatic prostate cancer was 64 months, and the one-year, two-year, three-year, four-year, five-year survival rate was 92%, 78%, 66%, 60%, 54%. The univariate analysis indicated that Gleason score (P = 0.033), clinical stage (P < 0.001), the effectiveness of hormonal therapy (P < 0.001), the prostate specific antigen (PSA) nadir during hormonal therapy (P < 0.001) and the time from the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir (P = 0.002) were predictive factors for the survival time of metastatic prostate cancer. The multivariate analysis indicated that the PSA nadir during hormonal therapy (P < 0.001) and the time from the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir (P < 0.001) were independent factors that predict the survival time of metastatic prostate cancer.

CONCLUSIONThe PSA nadir during hormonal therapy and the time from the start of hormonal therapy to the PSA nadir are independent factors that predict the survival time of metastatic prostate cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of entecavir maleate (ETV) versus ETV in Chinese patients with hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB).

METHODSThe patient population of this previously published randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled, multicenter study was expanded by patients in the 0.5 mg/day ETV maleate group (total n = 110) and patients in the 0.5 mg/day ETV group (total n = 108). At treatment weeks 12, 24 and 48, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels were measured by the Roche Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas Taqman PCR assay. Adverse events (AE) were recorded.

RESULTSAs in the original analysis, the two treatment groups showed similar characteristics at baseline. In addition, the results for the all therapeutic effects showed identical trends to the results obtained in the original analysis, including the statistically similar effects of ETV and ETV maleate treatment-induced decreases in mean HBV DNA level at weeks 12, 24, and 48 (ETV: by 4.28, 5.00, and 5.53 log10 IU/ml vs. ETV maleate: by 4.46, 4.99, and 5.51 log10 IU/ml, respectively; all vs. baseline P more than 0.05), achievement of undetectable levels of serum HBV DNA ( less than 20 IU/ml) at week 48 (ETV: 38.18% vs. ETV maleate: 35.19%; P more than 0.05), HBeAg loss rates at week 48 (ETV: 10.91% vs. ETV maleate: 12.96%; P more than 0.05), HBeAg seroconversion rates at week 48 (ETV: 7.77% vs. ETV maleate: 10.38%; P more than 0.05), normalization of alanine aminotransferase at week 48 (ETV: 75.47% vs. ETV maleate: 82.86%; P more than 0.05), and overall incidence of AE (ETV: 18.02% vs. ETV maleate: 17.43%; P more than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPerforming analysis of the therapeutic efficacies of entecavir maleate versus entecavir with a larger study population confirmed our original findings of similar efficacy and safety profiles for these two drugs in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Guanine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDBecause no data regarding the comparison of crush stenting with paclitaxel (PES) or sirolimus eluting stents (SES) for coronary bifurcate lesions have been reported, we compared the clinical outcomes of these two types of stents.

METHODSTwo hundred and thirty patients with 242 bifurcate lesions were enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized trial. Primary endpoints included myocardial infarction, cardiac death and target vessel revascularization at 8 months.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up clinically and 82% angiographically at 8 months. Final kissing balloon inflation was performed in 72% in the PES and 75% in the SES groups (P>0.05). Compared to the SES group, PES group had a higher late loss and incidence of restenosis (P=0.04) in the prebifurcation vessel segment. The postbifurcation vessel segment in the PES group had a greater late loss ((0.7+/-0.6) mm vs (0.3+/-0.4) mm, P<0.001) and higher restenosis in the side branch (25.5% vs 15.6%, P=0.04) when compared to the SES group. There was significant difference of insegment restenosis in the entire main vessel between PES and SES groups (P=0.004). Target lesion revascularization was more frequently seen in the PES group as compared to the SES group (P=0.01). There was significant difference in the accumulative MACE between these two groups (P=0.01). The survival rate free from target lesion revascularization was significantly higher in the SES group when compared to the PES group (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONSES is superior to PES in reducing restenosis and target lesion revascularization by 8-month follow-up after crush stenting for bifurcate lesions.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; methods ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; therapy ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Prospective Studies ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage