OBJECTIVETo compare the conventional pulmonary function test results of children with asthma or cough variant asthma (CVA).

METHODSA total of 140 children, who were diagnosed with asthma or CVA from May 2010 to May 2011, were divided into acute asthma attack (n=50), asthma remission (n=50) and CVA groups (n=40); 30 healthy children were included as a control group. The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow after 25% of vital capacity has been expelled (FEF25), forced expiratory flow after 50% of vital capacity has been expelled (FEF50), forced expiratory flow after 75% of vital capacity has been expelled (FEF75) and maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF75/25) were measured.

RESULTSThe mean percent predicted values of all the above indices were lower than 80% in the acute asthma attack group, with FEF50, FEF75 and MMEF75/25 declining markedly; the mean percent predicted values of FEF75 and MMEF75/25 were lower than 80% in the CVA group. All the pulmonary function indices in the acute asthma attack group were lower than those in the control group. The mean percent predicted values of FVC, FEV1, FEF25 and MMEF75/25 in the asthma remission and CVA groups were lower than in the control group. All the pulmonary function indices in the acute asthma attack group were lower than in the asthma remission and CVA groups, but there were no significant differences between the asthma remission and CVA groups.

CONCLUSIONSThere is small and large airway dysfunction, particularly small airway dysfunction, in children with acute asthma attack. Children with CVA present mainly with mild small airway dysfunction, as do those with asthma in remission.

Asthma ; physiopathology ; Child ; Cough ; physiopathology ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Vital Capacity

OBJECTIVE Using bioinformatics methods, to establish Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XX-MD)"compound-vasoconstriction G Protein-Coupled Receptors(GPCR)targets"network,and analyze the vasoconstriction regulatory effective components and the potential targets of XXMD. METHODS Ac-cording to the XXMD herb sources,we retrieved the chemical structures from the national scientific da-ta sharing platform for population and health pharmaceutical information center,TCMSP database and the latest research literature.The chemical molecular library was established after class prediction and screening for medicinal and metabolic properties.Five kinds of vasoconstriction GPCR crystal structure including 5-HT receptors(5-HT1AR,5-HT1BR),AT1R,β2-AR,hUTR and ETB were retrieved from Bank Pro-tein Data Bank database or homology modeling using Discovery Studio 4.1 built-in modeling tools.After virtual screening by Libdock molecular docking,the highest rated 50 compounds of each target were col-lected and analyzed. The collected data were further used to construct and analyze the network. RE-SULTS 859 single compound structures information in XXMD were generalized following the screen-ing of obtained 2043 compounds.The complicated compound-vasoconstriction GPCR targets network of XXMD was then constructed and analyzed by molecular docking with the above five kinds of GPCR target receptors. Most of the chemical composition effects were associated with different vasoconstric-tion GPCR targets,while a few effective components can be applied to multiple GPCR targets at the same time,therefore forming synergies.CONCLUSION Vasorelaxant effects of XXMD may not only result from the collaborative interaction between a variety of active ingredients in Chinese medicine and multi-ple targets,but also from the interaction between some effective component and multiple targets.

BACKGROUNDHuman piebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by congenital white forelock and depigmented patches of skin, typically on the forehead, anterior trunk and extremities. Mutations in the KIT gene have been proposed to be responsible for the underlying changes in this disorder. The aim of this study was to identify gene mutation in a Chinese family with piebaldism.

METHODSA Chinese family with piebaldism presenting with white forelock and large depigmented skin macules on the abdomen, arms and legs was collected. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of the family members. The encoding exons with flanking intron regions of the KIT gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing. Besides, DNA extracted from 100 ethnically matched population individuals was as controls.

RESULTSA heterozygous missense mutation c.2590T > C was identified in the patients of the family. This mutation converted a serine residue to proline (p.Ser864Pro). The mutation was not found in their unaffected family members or normal controls.

CONCLUSIONA novel missense mutation c.2590 T > C was found and it might play a significant role in the piebaldism phenotype in the family.

Child ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation, Missense ; Piebaldism ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; physiology

Objective To learn the epidemiological characteristics of children injuries with different age groups through data from Jiangsu Injury Surveillance System.Methods We collected children cases (aged <18 years) in surveillance hospitals from 2006—2014. Descriptive analysis was conducted with the demographic characteristics, causes, locations and body parts. Results During 2006 to 2014, 61367 cases of children injuries were collected which accounting for 12.06% of all injury cases. Male cases were 1.9 times higher compared to females. The top three leading causes of children injuries were fall (39.61%) , traffic injuries (16.92%) and animal injuries (15.33%) . Main locations causing children injuries were at home (39.57%) , road/street (21.08%) and school/public place (19.81%) .Mainly activities of children injuries were leisure activities (64.91%) and driving or taking transportation (13.92%) .The top three injuries occurred in the head (31.98%) , the upper limb (31.60%) and the lower limb (24.63%) . Conclusion Children injury is a major social and public health problem and can be prevented. Education should be carried out for children in different age groups and genders.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of bilayer artificial dermis graft plus single layer dermal template and bilayer artificial dermis graft only in repairing lower extremity wounds with large area of exposed bone.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 34 patients with 37 wounds of the lower extremity involving large area of exposed bone admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from November 2009 to November 2020. There were 27 males and 7 females, aged 9-67 years [35.5(29, 45)years]. The exposed bone in the lower leg, ankle and foot was greater than 10 cm 2 in size (the shortest distance from edge to edge of bony exposure was more than 2 cm). At the first stage, the wounds were grafted with bilayer type artificial dermis only for 21 wounds of 20 patients in Group A, and grafted with bilayer type artificial dermis plus single layer dermal template for 16 wounds of 14 patients in Group B. At the second stage, the auto-skin graft was performed in the two groups. The wound healing rate was observed in all patients, and was compared between the two groups at 2 weeks and 2 months after the second stage operation. At the same time, the interval between first stage and second stage surgery was measured. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the scar in the skin grafting area in the two groups at 5-6 months after the second stage operation. Results:All patients were followed up for 1 to 24 months [5(2, 7.5)months]. The total excellent and good wound healing rate in all patients was 81%(30/37) at 2 weeks and 97%(36/37) at 2 months. There was no significant difference between the Group A and Group B in the excellent and good wound healing rate at 2 weeks [(76%(16/21) vs. 88%(14/16)] and at 2 months [95%(20/21) vs. 100%(16/16)] ( P>0.05). In Group A, the bilayer artificial dermis was grafted into 4 wounds again to complete exposed bone coverage. However, all wounds in Group B were covered initially without re-grafting. The interval between the two-stage operation was 20(16, 21)days in Group A after the 4 patients who underwent secondary artificial dermal transplantation were excluded, showing no significant difference from 21(21, 23)days in Group B ( P>0.05). At 5-6 months after the second stage operation, the VSS score in Group B [(8.0±1.2)points] was significant less than that in Group A [(9.2±1.1)days] ( P<0.05). In the sub-index of VSS, the score of color and softness of scar in Group B [(2.0±0.6)points, (1.6±0.5)points] were significantly improved compared to those in Group A [(2.5±0.5)points, (2.2±0.7)points] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The artificial dermis grafting is effective in treatment of lower extremity wounds with large area of exposed bone. However, the bilayer artificial dermis graft plus single layer dermal template can avoid artificial dermal re-graft in repair of large area of exposed bone, and the interval between two-stage operation is not significantly prolonged. Moerover, the color and texture of scar after skin grafting and wound repair efficiency and quality are improved.

OBJECTIVE To find a promising candidate for anti- Alzheimer disease (AD) with multiple targets in multiple pathways. METHODS A series of classifiers were constructed for predicting the active compounds against 51 key targets toward Alzheimer disease (AD) using the multitarget-quantitative structure- activity relationships (mt- QSAR) method. While drug screening assays were established to evaluate the predicted active molecules. In addition, various cellular models and animal models related with AD were set up to further study the effects of the active compounds. RESULTS A system for the discovery of Multitarget-Directed Ligands against AD was set up and applied, the predicted active compounds were validated by the drug screening assays, and several active compounds with multiple targets were discovered. Among them, DL0410 exerted high activity on H3R, α7nAChR, AChE and ERα, also displayed the most significant effect in improving the ability of memory and learning in several AD animal models. The study on its action mechanisms showed that it's effect may partially through increasing neurotransmitter, inhibiting oxidative emergency, inhibiting the expression of APP, and promoting long- term potentiation. Besides, DL0410 is of more safety than the first- line clinical medicines. CONCLUSION DL0410 is a promising candidate for further development for AD treatment.

Objective To analyze the clustering of major cardiovascular risk factors among population with different level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) in Jiangsu provincial communities. Methods A population-based screening project was conducted during 2015-2017, with 83 522 residents aged 35-75 years from 6 areas included in the study. Prevalence and the clustering of four cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and smoking) were analyzed. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between FBG and cardiovascular risk factor clustering. Results The prevalence of diabetes was 18.9% among adults aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu province, and 41.4% of them were aware of their disease. Among undiagnosed population, the odd ratios (OR) of cardiovascular risk factors clustering in impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and hyperglycemia group was 1.29 (OR=1.29，95% CI:1.24-1.36，P<0.001) and 1.99 (OR=1.99，95% CI:1.89-2.08，P<0.001), compared with normal FBG group. The control rate of FBG was 15.5% among diagnosed cases. There was no difference in the risk clustering between diabetes patient with and without control of FBG. Conclusions Hyperglycemia and IFG increase the risk of cardiovascular risk factor clustering. Comprehensive interventions should be served as an important role to keep blood glucose at a normal level in high-risk population.

The complete gene encoding the structural protein of FMDV(VP1) was subcloned into expression vector pPROex-HT, resulting in the fusion expression plasmid pPROexHT-VP1. After transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) and induced by IPTG, the fusion protein was expressed in high level. Western blot was performed to confirm that the expressed fusion protein could specifically react with antiserum against FMDV. Based on the fusion protein further purified, a novel indirect ELISA (VP1-ELISA) was developed to detect FMDV antibody in pigs. Comparison between VPl-ELISA and the government standard kit (liquid phase block ELISA) showed the two methods had 96.25 percent agreement by detecting 80 serum samples, indicating that the indirect VP1-ELISA was specific and sensitive.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Capsid Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; diagnosis ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Swine

Objective:To analyze the injury characteristics and the burden of disease for developing an injury prevention strategy. Methods:Data derived from the ‘National Injury Monitoring Report Card’ and the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2017（GBD 2017） was analyzed for the relevant indicators including proportion， disability adjusted of life years（DALY）， DALY rate，et al. Results:The information of 91 507 cases was analyzed. Male cases were more than the females with sex ratio of 1.5∶1. The highest injury rate （38.1%） was in the group of 25-44 years old. The major career structure was production and transportation （25.5%）. The education level of most injured people was middle school. The top two causes of injuries were falls and traffic-related. In 2017， a total of 44 725 people died of injury and the crude death rate of injury was 54.77/10⁵， 64.51/10⁵ in male and 44.85/10⁵ in female. In 2017， the DALY and DALY rate caused by injuries was 217.8 thousand person-years and 2 667.27/10⁵. The top two injuries of DALYs were road traffic accidents and falls， followed by suicide， drowning and mechanical injury. Conclusion:Targeted prevention and control measures for road traffic injury and falls injury should be in place to reduce the burden of injury.