Protein Kinase C ; Radiation, Nonionizing

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Peptic Ulcer

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of immunoglobulin Y antibodies(IgY) against tumour necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) and Interleukin-1beta(IL-1β) in treating allergic bronchial asthma through nebulization inhalation.Methods:The allergic bronchial asthma model was established with Hartley guinea pig by ovalbumin nebulizating inhalation.The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group(group A)，allergic bronchial asthma group(group B),0.1% anti-TNF-α and IL-1β IgY treating group(group C),1.0% anti-TNF-α and IL-1β IgY treating group (group D).The animals were killed after treatment being accomplished for 2 h,4 h,8 h,24 h and the lungs were made pathological,which were then stained by hematoxylin-eosin(H.E.).The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected and the deposited cells were stained by Wright's.Results:①The histological appearance of lung: In group B the histological structure of alveolar ducts and alveolar walls was damaged,the alveolar space was full of transudate and lots of alveolar epithelial cells and leucocytes.The pulmonary interstitial edema,inflammatory cells infiltration,distorted or dilated capillaries and reducing capillary numbers of effective blood stream were observed in alveolar walls.In group C and group D the damage degree of alveolar ducts and alveolar wall was slighter than that in group B and there were few inflammatory cells in alveolar space.In bronchial lumen and pulmonary alveoli the sticky mucus plug was obviously less in group C and group D than in group B.Moreover,inflammatory cell infiltration was seldom observed aroud bronchia,and restoration of bronchial tunica mucosa epithelium was obviously observed in group C and group D.②The cytology appearance of BALF: In group C and group D the numbers of eosinophils,neutrophils,lymphocytes were significantly fewer （2 h,4 h,8 h,P＜0.05）,however,the number of macrophage was significantly more（2 h,4 h,8 h,P＜0.05）than in group B.Conclusion:The anti-TNF-α and IL-1β IgY can obviously alleviate pathological extent of inflammatory reaction in allergic bronchial asthma of guinea pigs by nebulization inhalation therapy.The therapeutic effect of anti-TNF-α and IL-1β IgY between 0.1% and 1.0% concentration is not obvious difference for pathology changes.

Objective To investigate the methods of diagnosis and treatment for delayed infection after hip arthroplasty. Methods From March 1998 to April 2004, 11 patients with delayed infection after hip arthroplasty were analyzed retrospectively. There were 4 males and 7 females with average of 66 years, ranging from 49 to 81 years. The interval between infection and primary hip arthroplasty varied from 9 to 96 months(mean 25.5 months). Pain is the most common symptom in all patients with an infected hip arthroplasty. Abnormal ESR was observed in 9 cases. The increase of CRP was found in 8 patients, and fistula occurred in 5 patients. Radiography findings, such as loosening, osteolysis, and endosteal scalloping, are present on 10 patients. One-stage exchange arthroplasty was performed in 8 patients, among whom 7 prostheses with antibiotic-impregnated cement and one with plain cement for fixation were chosen. Two-stage exchange arthroplasty was performed in 3 patients. After thorough irrigation and debridement of the infected joint and the removal of the femoral and acetabular components, a temporary spacer with irrigation device and antibiotic-loaded beads or a bulb were inserted between the first and second stage. The interval was a minimum of 4 weeks. During the delayed reconstruction, the final prostheses were fixed with antibiotic-loaded cement after the infection was eliminated. Results All 11 patients were followed up for a period of 8 to 72 months. Fracture of femoral shaft happened during the debridement in one patient. None of recurrent infection was found during the average 29.3 months follow-up. Conclusion No test is 100 percent specific; therefore, the diagnosis of infection relies on the patients' history, and the physical examination findings, and the lab test combined with results of imaging study, etiology as well as pathology. The key to success is that the treatment must be tailored to the patients' status.

A case of Schwannoma in the submandibular gland was reported which had been misdiagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma before operation. The tumor was originated from lingual nerve which in turn invaded the Schwann membrane near the submandibular ganglion.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis ; Submandibular Gland ; pathology ; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Objective To study the cause of different prognosis in typical medullary carcinoma and atypical medullary carcinoma. Methods The immunohistochemical staining method was used to evaluate the positivity of E cadherin,? catenin, in 30 cases of atypical medullary carcinoma and 18 cases of typical medullary carcinoma and 10 cases of normal breast. Results The positive rate and staining intensity of E cadherin and ? catenin oncoprotein were significantly higher in typical medullary carcinoma than in atypical medullary carcinoma( P

Castor(Ricinus communis L.),a high energy-stored and industrial raw-material plant species,is of great value in its application.Progresses in castor biotechnology were summarized in terms of tissue culture and genetic transformation.The results of studies on tissue culture indicated that application of TDZ(thiadiazuron) gave the maximum rate of shoot proliferation in various exogenous hormones when embryo axis was used as explant.On this ground,the in vitro regeneration system was established.The studies on castor genetic transformation showed that the Agrobaterium-mediated method was the most suitable one in different castor transformation methods.The hygromycin is suitable to selection of castor transfomants while castor embryo axis is insensitive to kanamycin.The possibilities of breeding of new castor varieties and improvement of castor production via biotechnology were also discussed.

Objective To study the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture in the treatment of depressive neurosis.Methods The 60 selected patients of depressive neurosis were randomized into treatment group(acupuncture regulating the liver group)and con- trol group(near-by sham-point acupuncture group),with 30 in each.The scores of Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Self-rating De- pression Scale(SDS),and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),and the total effective rate after treatment were observed.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group and the control group was 92.6% and 56.0% respectively,and the difference was sig- nificant(P

The research and development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a rapidly developing field. From the first generation of murine mAbs to the fourth generation of fully human mAbs, the efficacy and safety of mAbs in the treatment of various diseases have been continuously improved. In order to regulate the development and evaluation of mAbs, drug regulatory agencies and pharmacopeias of America and China have tried to issue feasible test procedures and acceptance criteria for quality evaluation of mAbs and biosimilars. Mass spectrometry (MS) technique with high sensitivity, resolution, selectivity, and specificity has become an important tool to evaluate the quality characteristics of monoclonal antibody-related products or specify mAb quality. The research of MS-based monoclonal antibody study involves structure characterization, impurity analysis, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), etc. This review focuses on the current quality control requirements of mAb related products and the development of MS technique for mAb quality characterization and specification. It is expected to provide information and references for evaluating the quality of monoclonal antibodies under research and development.

In recent years, the biopharmaceutical industry has grown rapidly, and the market size of monoclonal antibody drugs has increased significantly. Accurate structural characterization and quality control are the supporting technologies for the development of monoclonal antibody drugs. As a significant post-translational modification of antibody drugs, glycosylation has an important influence on its efficacy, stability, and immunogenicity. The existing literature usually uses liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to perform major glycosylation modifications of monoclonal antibody drugs. Characterization, there are few studies on low-abundance glycosylation, but the characterization and control of low-abundance glycosylation cannot be ignored. In this study, we have established a qualitative and quantitative analysis technology for N-glycans based on RapiFluor-MS reagent-labeled monoclonal antibody drugs. This method has a short sample processing time and high sensitivity. It can not only characterize the main glycoforms of three monoclonal antibody drugs (adalimumab, bevacizumab, and trastuzumab) but also can quantify low-abundance N-glycans. The results of the study showed that the main glycoforms specified in the Pharmacopoeia could be detected in different batches of monoclonal antibody drugs, but the content of N-glycans in different batches of samples is not identical. After that, we analyzed the N-glycans connection sites and glycoforms at the intact glycopeptide level, further enriching the N-glycans structure information of the monoclonal antibody. The qualitative and quantitative analysis technology of N-glycans based on RapiFluor-MS reagent-labeled monoclonal antibody drugs can realize the in-depth characterization and control of glycosylation modification of monoclonal antibody drugs.