OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy between eccentric fixation and internal fixation for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of femur,to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of the treatment method of the intertrochanteric fractures of femur.

METHODSFrom February 2007 to January 2010,82 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were treated by internal fixation including 39 cases of eccentric fixation involving 23 males and 6 females, aged from 41 to 81 years old with an average of (62.68±10.69), using the DHS or proximal femoral locking plate; 43 cases of intramedullary fixation involving 15 males, 28 females,aged from 43 to 78 years old with an average of (62.60±8.37),using PFN or PFNA fixed. The surgical incision length, operative time, blood loss and postoperative Harris score between two groups were compared.

RESULTSThe wound of two groups were primary healing without operative complications. All cases received follow-up for an average time of 18.3 months (12 to 28 months). The incision length, operative time and blood loss had a statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Harris scores of hip joint function at 1 month after operation had statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05), and Harris scores at 12 months after operation had no statistical significance difference between two groups. The rate of excellent and good was 89.7% in eccentric fixation group and 90.7% in intramedullary fixation group,the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.0613, P>0.05). In eccentric fixation group, there was 1 case of fracture nonunion with DHS loose and ensuing hip varus deformity. In intramedullary nail fixation group, there was no anti-rotation out,distal intramedullary nail of femoral refracture occurred in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONTwo treatment methods for the treatment of femoral fractures had a good therapeutic effect,but the intramedullary fixation had shorter operative time and less blood loss than the eccentric fixation,it prior to apply to osteoporosis and unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time

A new benzene derivative microintegerrin C (1) and a new norsesquiterpenoid microintegerrin D (2), along with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated and identified from stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were mainly identified based on the spectral data analysis such as 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-EI-MS. All known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rutaceae ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; isolation & purification

Objective To explore whether human umbilical venous endothelial cells could be used as feeder layer to support the growth of embryonic stem cells (ESC) and keep ESC undifferentiated.Methods The venous vessels of umbilical cord obtained from healthy puerperal were perfused with collagenase.The isolated endothelial cells went through primary culture and passages for expansion.Factor Ⅷ antigens determination was implemented.Endothelial cells with good growth and 3 or above passages were treated with mitomycin-C(10 mg/L) and prepared as feeder layer,on which E14.1 ESC was transplanted for subculturing to observe the morphological characterization and determine ESC alkaline psphatase (AKP) activity and the expression of stem cell marker Oct-4.Severe combined immune deficiency(SCID) mouse in vivo terotoma formation experiment was performed to identify its pluripotent properties.Results Human umbilical vein-derived endothelial cells grew well in culturing in vitro and regenerate in large numbers.The endothelial cells maintained normal cellular morphological and biological characterization after 10 passages.The cells stopped proliferating after being treated with mitomycin-C,but its activity and morphological properties were well-maintained with 24 hours,which was a fundamental property of serving as feeder layer.E14.1 ESC remained undifferentiated in human umbilical venous endothelial cells after 3-8 passages,the cells grew in colony and showed high expression of AKP and stem cell Oct-4.In vivo pluripotency experiment showed that 6 weeks after being transplanted to SCID mice E14.1 ESC of 6 and 10 passages in endothelial cells both could form teratoma containing 3 layers of tissue cells.Conclusions Human umbilical venous endothelial cell serve as a convenient feeder layer cell with rich sources.It can effectively support ESC growth and heterogenous and prevent the heterogeneous protein pollution and pathogenic microorganisms caused by animal cell feeder layers,thus solve the problem of biological safety of ESC clinical application.

(3S)-Linalool synthase (LIS) is a key enzyme involved in the monoterpene biosynthetic pathway. Based on our previous transcriptome study, the expression level of LIS gene was exceedingly related to glycyrrhizic acid (GA) biosynthesis. Therefore, we used hairy root culturing to further investigate the effect of LIS on the GA biosynthesis. A LIS gene (GenBank accession number: MZ169552) was cloned from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The plant binary overexpression vector pCA-LIS was constructed by gene fusion. G. uralensis hairy roots overexpressing LIS were induced by the Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834. The expression levels of LIS were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and the contents of GA in hairy root lines were determined by UPLC. It was found that in the hairy root lines overexpressing LIS, the expression levels of LIS were significantly higher than that in the wild type, while the contents of GA were remarkably lower than those in the wild type and negative control. These findings indicate that the expression level of LIS is negatively correlated with the accumulation of GA. In this study, LIS was cloned from G. uralensis for the first time and the negative regulatory effect of LIS on GA biosynthesis was confirmed by reverse genetics. This work provides support for further improvement of the molecular regulatory network of GA biosynthesis in G. uralensis.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

Abstract: - （ ） ， Work related musculoskeletal disorders WMSDs are common occupational diseases in construction workers which have a high prevalence rate and involve a large number of construction workers. WMSDs affect daily work and quality of life of ， patients leading to absenteeism and burden. The main body parts of construction workers suffering from WMSDs are lower back/ ， ， ， ， ， waist neck shoulder knee elbow and hand/wrist and most of the patients are complicated in multiple sites. The prevalence ， of WMSDs varies by site with the lower back/waist being the most common sites. The influencing factors of WMSDs in （ ， ， ， ， ， construction workers mainly include individual factors age years of work gender smoking status sleep habits physical ， ）， （ ， ， ， fitness and physical exercise etc. occupational factors work load job type working posture work organization and ， ） management working environment and social psychological factors. The incidence of WMSDs is the result of multiple factors. ， ， Therefore tertiary prevention is the key to the prevention and control of WMSDs especially the etiological prevention. Chinese ， construction industry is in the period of rapid development and the demand of construction workers is large. It is urgent to carry out epidemiological and intervention studies on WMSDs for construction workers to guide the formulation of relevant guidelines and measures for prevention and control of WMSDs.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the potential protective effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on post-thaw human sperm.

METHODSSemen samples were collected from 60 normal fertile men, each divided into six parts of equal volume to be incubated at 37 °C in normal saline (G0, control) or in the extender with 2 nmol/L (G1), 20 nmol/L (G2), 200 nmol/L (G3), 2 µmol/L (G4), and 20 µmol/L of MitoQ (G5). After one hour of incubation, the samples were subjected to computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) for sperm motility, flow cytometry for reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid assay for the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and MitoTracker fluorescent staining and flow cytometry for the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Then, the semen were cryopreserved with none (B0), 200 nmol/L (B1), and 2 µmol/L of MitoQ (B2), followed by detection of the changes in the ROS, MDA, and MMP of the post-thaw sperm.

RESULTSThe percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility were significantly higher in G3 ([30.8 ± 10.2]% and [70.6 ± 9.0]%) and G4 ([32.7 ± 13.5]% and [70.3 ± 11.9]%) than in G0 ([17.6 ± 5.0]% and [54.9 ± 11.5]%) (P < 0.05). The level of ROS dropped markedly with the increased concentration of MitoQ, 86.5 ± 31.6 in G3, 93.6 ± 42.0 in G4, and 45.1 ± 15.0 in G5, as compared with 160.8 ± 39.7 in G0 (P < 0.05). The content of MDA was remarkably lower in G3 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) and G4 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) than in G0 ([1.9 ± 1.1] µmol/mg) (P < 0.05), but not in G5 ([1.7 ± 0.7] µmol/mg), which was even higher than in G3 and G4 (P < 0.05). The MMP showed a significant reduction in G5 (1156 ± 216) in comparison with G0 (1701 ± 251) (P < 0.05) but exhibited no remarkable difference between G0 and G1 (1810 ± 298), G2 (1995 ± 437), G3 (1950 ± 334), or G4 (1582 ± 314). The percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility after freezing-thawing were significantly decreased as compared with those of the fresh semen (P < 0.01), but both were remarkably higher in B1 ([3.2 ± 2.3]% and [ 43.0 ± 9.5]%) than in B0 ([0.8 ± 0.6]% and [26.5 ± 11.4]%) (P < 0.05). The ROS level was significantly lower in B1 and B2 than in B0 (34.6 ± 12. 3 and 37.0 ± 10.5 vs 56.9 ± 14.3, P < 0.05), and so was the MDA content ([1.4 ± 0.5] and [1.4 ± 0.6] µmol/mg vs [2.6 ± 1.0] µmol/mg, P < 0.05), but the MMP was markedly higher in B1 and B2 than in B0 (1010.0 ± 130.5 and 880.6 ± 128.6 vs 721.1 ± 24.8, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAddition of MitoQ to the freezing extender at 200 nmol/L may effectively improve the quality of human sperm and MitoQ is a good protective addictive for human sperm cryopreservation.

Antioxidants ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Ubiquinone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

The leading cause of drug withdrawal from market and clinical trials failure is drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Varying clinical, histological and laboratory features of DILI, as well as undefined underlying mechanisms, hinder patients to be diagnosed in the early-stage of the disease and receive effective treatments. Conventional indicators, like serum transaminases and bilirubin, have inevitable limitations referring to sensitive prediction and specific detection of DILI. In order to reduce the occurrence of DILI, researchers have attempted to discover potential biomarkers with higher specificity and sensitivity from blood and urine in recent years. This article aims to review recent advances in biomarkers of DILI.
Biomarkers ; blood ; urine ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity