OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between pedestrian traffic accidents and the type of vehicles and summarize the characteristics. METHODS: Ninety cases of pedestrian traffic accidents were reviewed, and the relationship between the types of vehicles and the injuries (site, feature and severity) were analyzed. RESULTS: Different impact injuries were caused by different types of vehicles. The primary sites of the impact injuries depended on the body posture and the height of protruding parts of the front when the accident happened. The injury characteristics were related to the size, direction of acting force and contact surface. CONCLUSION The analysis of position, feature, and severity of pedestrian injury can determine the type of injury vehicle.
Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data* ; Female ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Posture ; Sickness Impact Profile ; Walking ; Wounds and Injuries/mortality*

Objective This study has explored the role of antibody against annexin A2 in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Using purified recombinant annexin A2, IgG anti-annexin A2 antibody was measured by ELISA in 101 APS patients, 41 SLE patients with thrombosis, 124 SLE patients without thrombosis and 120 healthy controls. Results The positive rate of IgG anti-annexin A2 antibody in APS patients and SLE patients with thrombosis was 21.8%, 26.8%, respectively, they were all significantly higher than in SLE patients without thrombosis (6.5%). IgG anti-annexin A2 antibody was associated with thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity (P<0.01). Conclusion Anti-annexin A2 antibody is associated with thrombosis and/or pregnancy mnrbidity. It suggests that anti-annexin A2 antibody may be helpful in identifying in some potential AIRS.

Objective To evaluate graft regeneration and influencing factors after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using MSCT.Method Sixty-three living recipients were included in this study.We measured graft volume periodically by using MSCT and IQQA-Liver workstation.The liver regenerative ratio (LRR) of different stages of recipients after LDLT was calculated and compared,and stepwise regression analysis was done to set up the regression equation.Result Within 0.5 month after LDLT,graft volume was increased rapidly,and LRR reached maximum [(106.11 + 30.90)％],then decreased slowly.There was significant difference in LRR among 0.5,1 month and 3,6 months after LDLT (P＜0.05).The following factors,including whether the graft containing middle hepatic vein or not,age and sex of recipients,had no significant influence on LRR after LDLT (P＞0.05).The status of liver function of recipients preoperatively had significant influence on LRR 0.5 month after LDLT (P＜0.05).There was significantly negative correlation between the graft volume and LRRs of recipients at different stages after LDLT (P ＜ 0.05).Regression equation could be derived.Conclusion Most evident graft regeneration occurs in early stage after adult LDLT.There are many and different factors influencing graft regeneration at the different stages after LDLT.Graft volumetric measurement by using MSCT is a valid modality to evaluate graft regeneration after LDLT.

Objective To evaluate the impact of donor age on graft short-term outcome after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Method Thirty living recipients were divided into 2 groups according to donor age:older donor group (O group,donor age ＞50,n =5) and younger donor group (Y group,donor age ＜30,n =25).Alanine transarninase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TB),prothrombin time (PT) on the postoperative day 1 to 5 and graft liver regenerative ratio (LRR) on the postoperative month 0.5,1,3,and 6 between 2 groups were determined and compared.Result TB on postoperative day 1,2,3,4 and 5 was significantly higher in O group than in Y group there were significant differences between two groups (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference of other liver function parameters 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in LRRs on the postoperative month 0.5,1,3 and 6 months postoperatively between 2 groups after LDLT (P＞0.05).Conclusion Although allografts from older donors in LDLT have prolonged jaundice than those of their younger counterparts,after strictly preoperative evaluation,donor age has little effect on short-term outcomes of graft after LDLT.

Objective To evaluate the impact of donor age on early remnant liver function and regeneration after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) donation.Methods 43 living donors were divided into 2 groups:donor age ＞ 50,n =8,and donor age ＜ 30,n =35.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),total bilirubin (TB) and liver regenerative ratio (LRR) of donors between the 2 groups were compared.Results There were no significantly different in ALT,AST and TB on days 1,2,3,5 after LDLT between the 2 groups (respectively t =0.147,1.030,-0.903,0.013,0.043,1.362,0.817,0.003,1.121,0.241,1.061 and 0.943,all P＞0.05).There was significant difference between LRR on day 7 (t =-0.965,P =0.042),but the difference was not statistically significant in LRR when evaluated on day 15 after LDLT (t =0.585,P =0.385).Conclusions Remnant liver regeneration on the first week is reversely affected by donor's age after hepatectomy,while the influence of age decreases significantly after 2 weeks.

Objective To evaluate donor remnant liver regeneration and influencing factors at different stages after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT).Methods 68 living donors were included in this study,We did CT volumetric measurement of the liver by using IQQA-Liver workstation.Liver regenerative ratio (LRR) at different stages of donors after LDLT were calculated and compared,correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis were calculated.Results The difference between LRRs at different stages after LDLT were significant (F =3.323,P =0.009),there were significant difference between LRR of 7-day and 1-month,3-month (respectively t =-2.065,-2.214,all P ＜ 0.05).The inclusion of middle hepatic vein and donor gender had no influence on LRR (respectively t =0.600,-0.622,1.464,0.926,-1.228,0.624,-0.688,0.131,all P ＞ 0.05).There were negative correlation between the remnant liver volume and LRRs (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MSCT is a valid modality to evaluate remnant liver regeneration after LDLT.Most evident remnant liver regeneration occurs in early stage after adult LDLT.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibiting effect of Pingyangmycin on cultured vein endothelial cells in vitro and illustrate the mechanism of Pingyangmycin on treatment cavernous hemangioma of head and neck. METHODS By MTT assay,the inhibiting rates of cultured Ecv-304 cells which were managed with Pingyangmycin for 24h and 48h were compared respectively. The changes in the cell cycle,apoptosis,and Caspase 3 protein expression of the cells managed with Pingyangcin for 24h were examined by flow cytometry(FCM). RESULTS The results showed that the inhibiting rate of Ecv-304 was dependent on the concentration of Pingyangmycin. However,in the same concentration,the inhibiting effect for 24h was stronger than that for 48h. The percentage of G1 phase cells increased while the S phase decreased,but the percentage of G2 phase cells remained unchanged after managed with Pingyangcin for 24h. An apoptosis peak appeared before G1 phase. The apoptosis rate was also concentration-dependant. The expression of caspase 3 increased in every group of different concentration. CONCLUSION Pingyangmycin can possibly arrest the growth of Ecv-304 in the G1 phase through the mechanism of inducing apoptosis. Caspase 3 may play an important role in the induced apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate MSCT appearance and impaction of Ⅴ, Ⅷ segments' hepatic venous congestion ( HVC ) on hepatic functional recovery in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Methods In this study, 83 patients undergoing LDLT in our hospital were included, all subjects received plain and contrast MSCT examinations at early stage (within 1 month) and later stage (3 months later) after LDLT. MSCT appearance of HVC was recorded, at the same time, gutamic pyruvic transaminase ( ALT),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TB) and prothrombin time (PT) of 1 to 7 days after LDLT between congestion group and non-congestion group were recorded and compared.Results Segments Ⅴ and Ⅷ congestion was identified by after LDLT CT scanning in 20 patients (24. 10% ). Congestion volume and congestion ratio was (218. 25 ± 130. 29) cm3 and 16. 68% ±8. 81%,respectively. HVC often appear as hypoattenuation on plain CT scan and arterial phase, mixed or hyperattenuation on portal vein phase. There was no significant difference of ALT, AST, TB and PT after LDLT between congestion group and non-congestion group (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusions MSCT is a valuable method to evaluate Ⅴ, Ⅷ segments' HVC after LDLT, most HVC has no impaction on hepatic functional recovery in LDLT patients.

Objective To improve the precision of the traditional segmentation of echocardiogram, by suppressing the influence from inherent speckle noises in medical ultrasonic images. Method An automatic segmentation method based on reconstructed morphology was proposed in this paper. First, the opening and closing operations by reconstruction were imposed to the ultrasonic image. Second, the top-hat operation was used to extract the bright and/or dark features and to find out the boundaries corresponding to these features, whereby implemented the automatic segmentation. Result The segmented echocardiogram had less artificial boundaries resulted from speckle noise, and could accurately be extracted the artery and ventricle. Conclusion The presented method can detect both dark and bright objects accurately, and the boundary has a fine continuity. In addition, the algorithm is also applicable to the extraction of sole bright/dark features, accordingly to reduce the complexity and time needed and to improve the accuracy.

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the metabolic changes in posterior cingulated cortex and left basal ganglia in patients with liver cirrhosis before and after liver Transplantation (LT).Methods A total of 22 controls and 37 cirrhotic patients listed for LT were enrolled in the study. Brain MRS (PRESS sequence) and neuropsychological (NP) tests were performed in all subjects. Eighteen patients were followed up at 1 month and 3 month after LT. The NP parameters including number connection test-A ( NCT-A), digital symbol test (DST) and symbol digital test (SDT) were measured. MRS metabolic contents were measured automatically at posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and left basal ganglia (LBG).Independent t-test was used to compare the parameters of NP test and MRS metabolites between the 2 groups. The changes of the parameters before and after LT were compared using analysis of variance.Pearson correlation test was also used to analysis the relationship between NP test parameters and MRS metabolites. Results ( 1 ) Before LT, significant difference of metabolites was found in the PCC between the two groups [ NAA/Cr(1.96 ±0.21, 1.73 ±0. 12), Cho/Cr(0. 65 ±0. 12,0. 83 ±0.09), mI/Cr (0.41 ±0.14,0.72±0.11), Glx/Cr(2. 37 ±0. 38,1. 92 ±0. 32) (t= -5.42,5.96,8.62,-4.72,P＜0.01)].And statistical significance also were found in LBG between the 2 groups [ Cho/Cr (0. 63 ± 0. 16,0. 77 ±0. 10), mI/Cr(0.38 ±0. 17,0.53 ±0.21), GIx/Cr(1.70 ±0.36,1.29 ±0.30), (t =3.64,3.07,-4.58 ,P ＜ 0. 01 )]. (2)Compared with controls, the patients before LT had longer NCT-A reaction time [ (58. 17 ±19. 12) s,(37.68 ±8.02) s,t =4. 14,P＜0.01], lower scores of DST (36.67 ±9.91,55.36 ±9.27,t = 4.60,P＜0.01) and SDT (31.67 ±9.49,50.73 ±8.34,t = 4.652,P＜0.01) before LT. All the scores of NP tests changed significantly at 1 and 3 month after LT compared with those before LT[ NCT-A (53.06±12.71) s,(35.72 ±5.20) s,F =33.554,P ＜0.01 ], DST(41.89 ±8. 17,54.39 ±5.69,F =85.772,P＜0.01),SDT(37.44±7.68,49.39±5.65,F=83.061,P＜0.01)]. (3) In the 18 patients who were followed, Cho/Cr [ PCC (0. 90 ± 0. 14,0. 92 ± 0. 08, F = 38. 178, P ＜ 0. 01 ); LBG (0. 81 ± 0. 08,0. 80 ±0.09,F =9.447,P ＜0.01)] and Glx/Cr [ PCC(1.86 ±0.32,1.75 ±0.25,F = 19.420, P ＜0. 01 ); LBG( 1.30 ±0. 20,1.23 ±0. 25 ,F = 17. 952,P ＜0. 01 ) ] recovered at 1 month after LT, while the mI/Cr [PCC (0.39±0.15,0.71 ±0. 10,F =75. 186,P＜0.01) ;LBG (0.47 ±0.25,0.61 ±0.27,F =8. 027, P ＜ 0. 01 ) ] recovered at 3 month after LT. (4)mI/Cr of cingulate cortex correlated significantly with NCT-A, DST and SDT (r= -0.743, 0.597, 0.615, P＜0.01 ) before LT. Conclusion Cerebral metabolic changes in patients with liver cirrhosis is reversible and MRS of the posterior cingulate cortex is a helpful method in following up the changes after LT. mI/Cr is a useful indicator to predict the brain changes of cirrhotic patients before and after LT.