Objective To make clear the expression,role and receptor polymorphism of ?/? T cells in peripheral blood in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Total ?/? T cells,V?1 and V?9/V?2 subsets in peripheral blood of 12 normal controls,12 active and 12 stable SLE patients was examined by using cytometry assay.Then,peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with ?/? specific antigen.TCR ?/? receptor expression and V?2 chain CDR3 (complementary determination region) length display analysis were investigated further in these patients using SSCP method.Results The number of ?/? T cells were remarkably decreased in active SLE patients,and the ?/? T cells did not show proliferation after antigen stimulation in SLE.V?2 was expressed in all of the SLE patients.CDR3 of V?2 genes was polyclonally displayed.Conclusion This result adds more weight to the protective role of ?/? T cells in SLE.It is postulated that ?/? T cells might have deficient function and act as suppressor T cells.But it appears that there are no specific antigens that stimulate ?/? T cells to proliferate leading to the occurrence of SLE.

Objective　To make clear the expression,role and receptor polymorphism of γ/δ T cells in peripheral blood in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods　Total γ/δ T cells,Vγ1 and Vγ9/Vδ2 subsets in peripheral blood of 12 normal controls,12 active and 12 stable SLE patients was examined by using cytometry assay.Then,peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with γ/δ specific antigen.TCR γ/δ receptor expression and Vδ2 chain CDR3 (complementary determination region) length display analysis were investigated further in these patients using SSCP method.Results　The number of γ/δ T cells were remarkably decreased in active SLE patients,and the γ/δ T cells did not show proliferation after antigen stimulation in SLE.Vδ2 was expressed in all of the SLE patients.CDR3 of Vδ2 genes was polyclonally displayed.Conclusion　This result adds more weight to the protective role of γ/δ T cells in SLE.It is postulated that γ/δ T cells might have deficient function and act as suppressor T cells.But it appears that there are no specific antigens that stimulate γ/δ T cells to proliferate leading to the occurrence of SLE.

Diterpenes, Abietane ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; drug therapy ; Humans

Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; K562 Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To observe the effects of hirudo capsules on degree of platelet activation and blood rheology in patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Methods 122 patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis were randomly divided into two groups by the random number table:observation group(61 cases)and control group (61 cases). The two groups received conventional treatment such as antihypertensive and hypoglycemic drugs,and 100 mg of aspirin once a day. In the observation group,additionally hirudo capsules 0.75 g,3 times a day were given. The therapeutic course in both groups was 2 months. Prior to the start of treatment and on the next day after the end of treatment,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)clinical syndrome integral,platelet membrane glycoproteins caspase 1 (PAC-1),platelet adhesion molecule P selection(CD62P)positive rate,and blood rheology indexes were detected,in addition to the adverse reactions . Results Before treatment,there were no statistical significant differences between the two groups in terms of TCM clinical syndrome integral such as headache,dizziness,head fullness,multiple somnolence amnesia,lip dark purple,sublingual veins purple in color,PAC-1,CD62P positive rate,hemorheology indexes(all P>0.05). After treatment,TCM clinical syndrome integral PAC-1,CD62P,low shear viscosity,high shear viscosity,plasma viscosity and the hematocrit of two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, the improvement in observation group being more remarkable〔headache:0.75±0.69 vs. 1.23±0.92,dizziness:0.96±0.78 vs. 1.54±1.24,head fullness:0.65±0.59 vs. 1.48±1.17,multiple somnolence amnesia:0.77±0.72 vs. 1.69±1.14,lip dark purple:0.83±0.81 vs. 1.32±0.79,sublingual veins purple:0.84±0.67 vs. 1.20±0.74, PAC-1:(10.31±4.57)%vs.(15.13±6.27)%,CD62P:(11.39±5.24)%vs.(16.40±7.91)%,low shear viscosity (mPa?s):7.52±3.37 vs. 8.97±3.50,high shear viscosity(mPa?s):4.35±1.12 vs. 5.58±1.19,plasma viscosity (mPa?s):1.54±0.35 vs. 1.88±0.42,hematocrit(HCT):0.43±0.09 vs. 0.49±0.10〕. In the patients' follow-up, there were no obvious side effects of hirudo capsules. Conclusion Hirudo capsule is a safe and effective drug for treatment of patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis as it is helpful in reducing platelet activation degree and improving the blood rheology indexes.

Objective To evaluate the applicability of the simplified equation of MDRD to predict glomerular filtration rate(GFR)from serum creatinine in Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD),and refit the MDRD equation parameter estimates with Chinese patients data.Methods A total of 760 hospitalized CKD patients were investigated from 2002 to 2005.Patients'sex,age,height and body weight were recorded;plasma creatinine and ~ 99m Tc-GFR(standardized by body surface area)were measured in all patients;GFR was estimated with simplified equation of MDRD and Cockcroft-Gault;the accurancy of estimated GFR with MDRD and CG were compared with~ 99m Tc-GFR in different stage of CKD.Totally 670 patients were randomly selected as the training sample,the remaining 90 patients constituted the validation sample.We used stepwise multiple regression to refit the equation of MDRD and the regression models were developed by using the training sample.The refitting equation was then tested and compared with the other equation in the validation sample.Results (1)Both the MDRD and CG-GFR prediction equations seemd to systematically underestimate GFR,but the accurancy of MDRD equation was better than CG-GFR in stage Ⅰ~Ⅲ of CKD.(2)The bias of estimated GFR(MDRD or CG-GFR equation)with ~ 99m Tc-GFR was lower in stage Ⅰ~Ⅲ than in stage Ⅳ~Ⅴ of CKD.(3)Refitting of the MDRD equation parameter estimates to Chinese patients data set resulted in the following prediction equations:GFR=234.96?(Scr)~ -0.926 ?(Age)~ -0.280 ?0.828(Female).(4)Comparing with~ 99m Tc-GFR,the bias of estimated GFR calculated by the refitting MDRD equation was lower than that of estimated with MDRD or CG especially in the stage Ⅳ~Ⅴ of CKD in Chinese patients.Conclusion the simplified equation of MDRD can estimate GRF accurately,but the equation must be refitted in Chinese patients.

Objective To introduce a new method for correction of epicanthal folds, which could avoid obvious scar in medial canthus. Methods First, through upper and lower palpebral margin incisions, the connective and orbicularis oculi muscle dense fibers underlying epicanthal folds as well as the superficial head of medial canthal ligament were thoroughly released and excised. After repositioning the medial canthus, the redundant skin tissue was removed and then the incisions closed. Results 122 epicanthoplasties had been performed. Postsurgical scars were invisible in all cases. All patients were satisfied with operation results. No recurrence of epicanthal fold was observed. Conclusions The introduced method has advantages in avoiding scar formation and is an especially suitable approach for epicanthoplasty in Asian patients.

Objective To investigate the causes and preventive measures of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in hyperbaric oxygen therapy for patients with severe closed head injury.MethodsThe clinical data of 24 cases of patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the first people's Hospital of Fuyang District Hangzhou from May 2011 to May 2016 were analyzed, the occurrence time and clinical effect of upper gastrointestinal bleeding were analyzed.ResultsAmong the 24 cases of patients, 14 cases were treated for the first time that overt bleeding, including bleeding from the stomach liquid outflow of blood from 2 cases, gastric outflow 2 cases, hemorrhage after cure again received hyperbaric oxygen therapy 3 times again dominant bleeding 2 cases;6 cases hyperbaric oxygen treatment for third, 7, 10 times brown liquid or bloody fluid from the stomach outflow;4 cases hyperbaric oxygen treatment in patients with second and 3 courses of coffee liquid from the outflow tube, which accounted for 58.3%, 25.0%, 16.7% of the total, retrospectively;8 cases were with good recovery, 10 cases moderate disability, 4 cases severe disability, 2 cases vegetative state, 0 case died, the good recovery rate was 33.3%.ConclusionNot correctly grasp the time of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of patients with severe closed craniocerebral injury will cause upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, correct application of H2 receptor binding agent, developing targeted therapy programme can effectively prevent and treat upper gastrointestinal bleeding, so is worthy of the clinical's full attention.

Objective\ To investigate the effect and safety of LMWH on treatment of nephrotic syndrome(NS).Methods\ We randomized 43 patients with primary NS into 2 groups.Steroid and cyclophosphamide were given in control group.LMWH with the dosage of 3200～5000IU twice per day was added in the treated group.Results\ After 4 to 6 weeks of treatment,a significant increase in AT-Ⅲ,anti-Xa activity and serum albumin and decrease in fibrinogen and proteinuria were observed in LMWH.Conclusion\ LMWH should be recommended as a useful treatment of NS.

Objectives To investigate the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE) caused by hypercoagubility in patients with nephrotic syndrome and to estimate the indication and clinical effect of anticoagulation therapy. Methods 54 patients with nephrotis syndrome(thirty-one males and twenty-three females with mean age: 44 13?15 88, 24 hours proteinuria:8 43?5 64g, albuminemia: 20 48?5 41g/L) were enrolled in this study.DVT of lower limbs and PE were confirmed by radionuclide imaging (RNV) with 99mTc-MAA and the clinical effect of subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral antiplatelet coagulation therapy were evaluated as well. Results 41 out of 54 cases (76%) had DVT of lower limbs, 14 8% of which had clinical manifestations. 32 out of 54 cases (59 25%) had PE, 7 4% of which had symptoms. 70 7% of PE were caused by DVT of lower limbs. No patient died of PE after the LMWH treatment.Conclusions DVT is one of the most important complications of NS. RNV can be used to make early diagnosis of DVT of lower limbs and PE. Early anticoagulation therapy might ameliorate the prognosis of NS and lower the mortality of PE.