Aim To research the protective effect and mechanisms of taurine on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Myocardial ischemia reperfusion models were established in SD rats. The effects of taurine on the size of myocardial infarction and the changes of activity of SOD , and the levels of MDA and NO in myocardium and plasma of rats with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury were observed. Results In rats with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury, the taurine could reduce the size of myocardial infarction (P

Objective To study whether the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) can repair damaged neural cells induced by okadaic acid (OA).Methods Neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y cells were used to incubate with 20nmol/L okadaic acid for 24h,establishing Alzheimer's Disease cell model;Three groups were set up:normal group,okadaic acid-damaged (OA-damaged) group,hBMSCs-treatment group.The cells were injured for 24h with 20nmol/L OA in OA-damaged group,and treated with conditioned medium obtaining hBMSCs for 24h after 24h OA injury in the treatment group.Then CCK-8 was used for detecting cell vitality,immune fluorescence dyed microtubules and micro filaments for determining the dendritic cell length and fluorescence intensity,in addition,Western blotting for analyzing the protein level of phosphorylated tau and total tau proteins.Results Okadaic acid damaged SH-SY5Y cells,contributed to shrinkage,collapse,cavitation of the SH-SY5Y cell body,dendritic shortening and fracture,and irregular arrangement of microtubule microfilaments;while BMSCs conditioned medium made SHSYSY cell body become round and longer,dendrites restored,and microtubules and microfilaments arranged regularly,fluorescence intensity enhanced.Meanwhile,it also down-regulated the level of OA-induced tau phosphorylation.Conclusion hBMSCs have repair effects on the neural cell damage induced by okadaic acid.

BackgroundThe three-dimensional configuration of the nasolacrimal canal is highly variable with age,gender,and race.But enlargement of the nasolacrimal canal has sparsely been reported in the literature.Objective Computed tomography dacryocystography was performed in patients with unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and normal children to analyze the difference of bilateral nasolacrimal canal.MethodsThis is a retrospective study.Axial scanwith sagittalandcoronalreconstructionwas appliedin computedtomography dacryocystography.Diameters of bilateral nasolacrimal canal of 20 unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction patients and 20 normal children were measured.Written informed consent was obtained from each child ' s parents before examination.ResultsThe lacrimal sac,nasolacrimal duct and the peripheral tissue were clearly exhibited by computed tomography dacryocystography.The diameters of the origination,the middle part and the distal end of affected nasolacrimal duct were(5.5±1.4),(5.3±1.2),(5.3±1.6) mm,and normal ones were(3.9±0.8 ),(3.5± 0.8 ),( 3.9± 1.3 ) mm,respectively.These results were statistically significant ( t =5.200,6.967,2.932,P＜ 0.05 ).There was no statistically significant difference in bilateral nasolacrimal canal of normal children (t =0.346,0.281,0.312,P＞0.05 ).Conclusions Computed tomography dacryocystography can image lacrimal passage and their peripheral tissues clearly.The affected nasolacrimal canal diameters of unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction were much larger than the fellow sides.The pathogenesis of this phenomenon need much research.

Objective As brucellosis epidemic is constantly rising in Harbin in recent years,we analyze the epidemic and surveillance results at municipal surveillance spots of brucellosis from 2008 to 2012,to find out the epidemic characteristics of Harbin brucellosis,and to provide scientific evidences for development of countermeasures.Methods Brucellosis surveillance data which were collected from the National Diseases Surveillance Information Management System from 2008 to 2010,the epidemic characteristics of Harbin brucellosis (including regional,time and population distribution) and the municipal surveillance results in Harbin (including epidemiological investigation and serological surveillance) were analyzed.Results A total of 1348 cases of brucellosis were reported in Harbin from 2008 to 2012,and the incidence of brucellosis increased from 1.79 per 100 000 to 4.62 per 100 000; in addition to Pingfang District (2008-2011) and Fangzheng County(2009 and 2011),all eighteen districts (counties or cities) in Harbin had reported epidemic in the past five years,the highest incidence was in Yilan (382 cases),and the incidence was significantly increased in Shuangcheng(111 cases) and Binxian(73 cases) in 2012; the time of onset focused on March to July,which accounted for 62.54％(843/1348) of annual incidence; age distribution,mainly young adults aged 30 to 60(71.59％,965/1348); gender distribution predominantly male (75.45％,1017/1348) ; occupational distribution farmers(84.87％,1144/1348),and the number of infected students and house workers were also high in the past five years(4.23％,57/1348 and 2.52％,34/1348).In the municipal surveillance spots from 2008 to 2012,13 010 cases were surveyed,of which 2695 cases received serological test,the positive rate was 3.93％ (106/2695),and the positive rate was increasing year by year.Conclusions The incidence of Harbin brucellosis is increasing year by year,onset season mainly in the spring and summer,young men with a high incidence,and farmers are main professional people.Brucellosis has also occurred among students,domestic workers,which should be vigilant.Therefore,we should further strengthen surveillance,timely analyze and report the epidemic,and provide a scientific basis to ensure each measure of eliminating the sources of infection put in place,vigorously develop health education,strengthen inter-departments cooperation,and control the spread of epidemic.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of filiform fire-needling plus continuous passive motion (CPM) therapy for frozen shoulder. Methods: A total of 72 patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 36 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received celecoxib capsule plus CPM, while those in the observation group received filiform fire-needling plus CPM. The whole course of treatment lasted for 2 weeks in both groups. The visual analog scale (VAS), Constant-Murley score (CMS) and range of motion of shoulder joint were measured for therapeutic efficacy evaluation. Results: The total effective rate was 91.7％ in the observation group, higher than 72.2％ in the control group, and the between-group comparison showed statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores in the two groups dropped significantly, the CMS as well as the range of motion including abduction, forward flexion and extension were all increased significantly, and the intra-group comparisons showed statistical significance (all P<0.05). The betweengroup comparisons showed the improvements in these items in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Filiform fire-needling plus CPM can produce more significant efficacy than celecoxib capsule plus CPM for frozen shoulder; it can alleviate pain, improve shoulder function and restore joint range of motion in such patients.

The severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the global pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19). Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 is of great significance to the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. The spike(S)protein of SARS-CoV-2 is a major target of protective immunity. The mutations of S protein impact the transmission and pathogenic capacity of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 S protein and mediates viral entry into target cells. The genetic polymorphisms of the ACE2 gene may lead to the difference of incidence of COVID-19 among different populations. Protease can promote the infection of SARS-Cov-2 by activating the S protein. This review summarized the current understanding of the function and genetic variants of S protein, ACE2, and the related proteases. The synergistic effect of these three molecules on the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection was further discussed.

Objectives To discuss the clinical characteristic, cause and measures to prevention and control of nosocomial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods Retrospectively analyzed an nosocomial infection outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae in NICU. Results From Sept. 3, 2010 to Oct. 3, 2010, there were 7 cases of hospital infection in 12 cases of sputum cultured Klebsiella Pneumoniae. The gestational age (GA) of 7 hospital infection cases was 28.5±2.6 week. The birth weight of infection cases was 941.4±309.8 g. The onset of infection was at 31.7±12.8 d of hospitalization. The nosocomial incidence was 2.41%in the hospital, which was 5.79%in preterm infants, 50.00%in GA<28w infants, and 42.86%in extremely low birth weight infant (ELBW). All sputum culture results were displayed as multi-drug resistant of Klebsiella pneumoniae, penicillin and third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic resistance rate of 75%to 100%. The resistance rates to penicillin and cephem antibiotics were 75% -100%, carbapenems was 58.3%, piperacillin/tazobactam was 25.0%. All nosocomial patients were cured. Conclusions GA<28w and ELBW infants are at increased risk of nosocomial infection in NICU. The emergence of carbapenems resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae has been increasing with the widespread use of carbapenems. Hospital infection can be controlled by standardized medical behavior, which can decline the nosocomial infection incidence and mortality of preterm infants in NICU.

Objective To investigate the value of three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI) in assessment of left ventricular (LV) strains. Methods Thirty healthy young adults examined by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and 3D-STI. And the results of LV measurements were compared, which included mean peak systolic longitudinal strains, radial strains and circumferential strains. Also, the time consumption of these two methods was compared. Results The time needed for 3D-STI in acquisition and analysis of the images were (309.3±23.4)s, (305.5±11.2)s, while the time for 2D-STI were (490.6±14.4)s, (1261.4±39.9)s. The differences were signiifcant(t=-21.81, 69.94, both P<0.01). The global mean peak systolic radial strains was (48.59±7.68)%by 3D-STI and (33.25±7.27)%by 2D-STI. The difference was signiifcant(t=9.16, P<0.01). The global mean peak systolic longitudinal and circumferential strains were (-17.66±3.14)%, (-17.13±2.29)% by 3D-STI and (-21.35±2.46)%, (-21.97±3.84)% by 2D-STI. The differences were signiifcant(t=5.33, 5.99, both P < 0.01). The 3D-STI strains were different at different levels of LV. The longitudinal, circumferential and radial 3D-STI strains were largest at middle levels. However, 2D-STI strains didn′ t show such trend. Peak strains measured by 3D-STI and 2D-STI showed high inter-observer and intra-observer agreement in Bland-Altman chart. Conclusion 3D-STI is a novel, convenient and reproducible method to evaluate the strains of LV.

Objective To evaluate the stability and biodistribution of a novel SPECT-MRI bi-functional agem 99Tcm-Gd-DTPA-DG in tumor-bearing nude mice. Methods DTPA-DG was synthesized and then conjugated with Gd2O3 to generate Gd-DTPA-DG. The tumor-bearing nude mice were scanned by MRI to evaluate the tumor targeting ability of Gd-DTPA-DG. The orthogonal experiment was applied to optimize pH value of reaction medium and reaction temperature. The radiolabeling efficiency was measured by thin layer chromatography. The distribution of 99Tcm-Gd-DTPA-DG in nude mice was evaluated by scintigrapy in vivo. The % ID/g was measured at different time after intravenous injection of 99Tcm-Gd-DTPA-DG. Results The tumor was significantly enhanced by Gd-DTPA-DG with MRI. The radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-Gd-DTPADG was about 98.5% and remained 96.2% at room temperature for 6 h. The tumor was well visualized by 99TcmGd-DTPA-DG SPECT at 2 h after injection. The tumor uptake was (1.48 ±0.12) %ID/g, and the rumor to muscle radioactivity ratio was 2.91. Conclusions MRI contrast of Gd-DTPA-DG may enhance tumor detection. 99Tcm-labeled Gd-DTPA-DG may be useful for tumor imaging and might have a potential role as a SPECT-MRI bi-functional agent.

Objective To summarize the value of clinical features, CSF, imaging and EEG in diagnosing viral encephalitis accompanying generalized tonic clonic seizure( GTCS) . Methods The clinical, imaging and EEG characteristic of 30 patients with viral encephalitis accompanying GTCS were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 30 cases with viral encephalitis,21 cases GTCS attacked(70% ) within 14 days,9 cases had GTCS (30% ) in 15-28 days.27 cases CSF were abnormal with the pressure,cell number,protein. The incidence of positive pathogenicity was 12/16; 19 cases MRI had abnormal signal. All the patients had abnormal EEG during the disease. Conclusion The clinical features, CSF, imaging and EEG were all important in diagnosing and estimate of viral encephalitis accompanying GTCS.