Akt1 is a serine-threonine protein kinase that has been implicated in the control of cellular metabolism,survival and growth.Elevated expression of Akt1 has been noted in a significant percentage of human tumors,promoting cellular metastasis.Conversely,some studies have revealed hyperactivated Akt1 inhibited the invasiveness and metastasis of breast cancer cells.To clarify the definite effect of Akt1 on tumorigenesis and development,Akt1 was silenced by RNAi in the highly metastatic murine breast cancer 4T1 cells.Akt1 silencing didn't affect the proliferation of breast cancer cells in MTT assay,while reduced the migration in Transwell assay.Consistent with the above results,Akt1 silencing didn't change the primary tumor weight,but significantly suppressed lung metastasis of 4T1 cells.These observations indicated Akt1 plays an important role in murine breast cancer metastasis,and suggested that Akt1 might be a therapeutic target for breast cancer metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between TCM syndrome type and HBV-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

METHODSThe serum HBV markers,HBV-DNA levels in serum and PBMCs, were quantitatively detected in 220 CHB patients by PCR method, and TCM syndrome type of 205 patients were differentiated.

RESULTSArranged from low to high, the percentages of CHB patients with the serum HBV-DNA > or = 1.0 x l0(5) copy/mL (high viral loading) in the five syndrome types were as follows: damp-heat retention in middle-jiao syndrome (DHRS, 55.2%), blood stasis blocking collateral syndrome (BSBC), Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (GSYS), Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome (PSDS) and Gan stagnation with Pi deficiency syndrome (GSPS, 82.5%), the difference was significant between DHRS and GSPS; those with HBV-DNA in PBMCs infection were: GSYS (27.3%), DHRS (34.3%), BSBC (53.1%) and GSPS (77.2%). The percentage in GSPS was the highest, which was significantly different to that in other syndromes.

CONCLUSIONAmount of serum HBV-DNA and PBMCs HBV-DNA infection has certain correlation with the TCM syndrome type of CHB. The highest percentage of patients with HBV-DNA > or = 1.0 x l0(5) copy/mL and PBMCs HBV-DNA infection presented in CHB patients of GSPS type. We should pay more attention to strengthen genuine qi to eliminate pathogenic factors in treatment of CHB.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; pathology ; therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Syndrome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical traits,pathogenesis and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) stepwise treatments of the patients who suffered from pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation.METHODS Because of patients after kidney transplantation easily suffered from pulmonary infection,which was characterized by non-typical symptoms,concealment and varity.In the aspects of the pathogenesis of this disease,the principal aspect of which was the weakened body resistance(kidney deficiency)and the secondary incidental was affected pathogenic factor(heat,toxin,stasis brewing in the lungs),viz weaken healthy qi and excessive pathogenic factor.Hence during the clinical treatment we should attach importance to regulate entire faculty condition.Considering the acute attack stage and restoration stage,we would differently inflict therapies of clearing heat,resolving toxin,quickening the blood,supplementing the kidney and nourishing yin,clearing heat and moistening the lung and so on,according to differentiation of symptoms and signs,in which way we could give attention to both the root and tip.RESULTS The TCM stepwise therapy of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation had the characteristics of high efficacy,few side reactions and stable long-term curative effects.CONCLUSIONS The TCM therapy of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation has more potentiality and predominance,which deserves further study.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical traits,pathogenesis and TCM stepwise treatments of fungal urinary tract infection.METHODS According to the risk factors and clinical character of fungal urinary tract infection,we clarified the mechanism of the disease.The principal aspect was spleen-kidney vacuity detriment and the secondary incidental was accumulated damp-heat and static blood in the lower burner,viz weaken healthy qi and excessive pathogenic factor.Hence during the clinical treatment we should regulate faculty condition.In the acute infection period we should give priority to dispel evils supplemented by the recovery of right qi.In the convalescence we should pay more attention to support right supplemented by dispelling.RESULTS The most common pathogen of fungal urinary tract infection was Candida albicans.The TCM stepwise treatments of fungal urinary tract infection together with regulatiy entire faculty condition had the characteristics of high efficacy and few side effects.CONCLUSIONS The TCM stepwise treatments of fungal urinary tract infection has more potentiality which deserves further study.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the volatile oil from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides.

METHODThe volatile oil was steam distillation. Chemical constituents were separated and analyzed by GC-MS. The relative content of each component was determined by area nomalization.

RESULT24 volatile compounds were isolated and identified for the first time, representing 70.83% of the total oil.

CONCLUSIONThe main constituents of this oil were aldehydes (31.15%), terpene and their oxide (20.66%), alkyls (8.35%), Furan heterocyclic compounds (6.41%), non terpene alcohol (4.26%). There are 12 compounds with contents over 3%. Among them, borneol has the highest content (9.35%).

Aldehydes ; analysis ; Anemarrhena ; chemistry ; Bornanes ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Terpenes ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between HBeAg expression and HBV-DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

METHODS208 patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in this present study. HBV-DNA in the PBMCs were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with the serum HBV-DNA level being determined by the way of fluoresces quantities PCR (FQ-PCR). Meanwhile, HBV-GM was also detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThere were 106 patients for positivity in the HBV-DNA level of PBMCs with 102 for negativity, in which the HBV-DNA high levels (HBV DNA load > or = 1.0E5) in serum were 91.5%, 45.1% (chi2=52.12, P>0.01) respectively, with 76.4% and 50.9% (chi2=21.55, P>0.01) for the positive percentage of HBeAg expression.

CONCLUSIONA significantly positive correlation was found between HBV-DNA in PBMCs and serum HBV-DNA along with the positive percentage of HBeAg, indicating that obvious PBMCs' increase infected by HBV in patients with positivity of HBeAg and high level of serum HBV-DNA.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; virology ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of adipokines including insulin, resistin, leptin, adiponectin, acylation stimulating protein (ASP) and complement C3 (C3) in various types of obesity (peripheral obesity, abdominal obesity and mixed obesity) in Chinese children and adolescents, and their relationships with body size and pubertal development.

METHODSChildren and adolescents (n=3 508) aged 6 to 18 years, with 1 788 boys and 1 720 girls were assessed for body mass index, waist circumference, pubertal development, blood insulin, resistin, leptin, adiponectin, ASP and C3 levels. Three types of obesity [peripheral obesity (n=43), abdominal obesity (n=473), mixed obesity (n=1 187)] and non-obese control (n=1 805) were defined with combined use of Chinese body mass index and waist circumference criteria.

RESULTSSerum resistin, leptin and adiponectin levels were higher in girls than those in boys (all P<0.01). Insulin and leptin increased and adiponectin decreased across five Tanner stages in both girls and boys (all P<0.001), while ASP changed only in girls (P<0.001) and C3 only in boys (P<0.001). Insulin, leptin and ASP were higher, but adiponectin was lower in all three types of obesity vs. the non-obese control (all P<0.05). The greatest abnormalities of all six adipokines were found in the mixed obesity group. With inclusion of body mass index and waist circumference in simultaneous regression analyses, both body size indices were independently and significantly correlated with insulin, leptin and adiponectin after age and gender adjustment. Compared with waist circumference, the body mass index was stronger in interpreting insulin, leptin, adiponectin and ASP levels, whereas it was weaker in explaining variance of plasma C3.

CONCLUSIONObese children have a worse metabolic profile with high insulin, resistin, leptin, ASP and C3, and low adiponectin levels. The adipokine profile in mixed obesity is worse than that in peripheral or abdominal obesity. Identification of obese subjects with a malignant adipokine profile using a combination of body mass index and waist circumference is important for the prevention of obesity-related disease.

Adipokines ; blood ; Adolescent ; Child ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; blood

The biological characters of Sindbis virus strain of Yunnan(YN87448 strain) were studied by the test of the filtration, acid-resistant, ether-resistant, CPE, susceptibility of animal, HA, plague, determination of virus titres, and the cross-HI, cross-IFAT and PRNT as well.The results indicated that YN87448 strain belongs to Sindbis virus, Alphavirus, Togaviridae. YN87448 strain virus was plaque purified(PYN87448). The biological character of PYN87448 strain virus was studied too. PYN87448 strain virus will be used in the molecule biological test.

OBJECTIVETo determine whether serum homocysteine and folate levels are correlated with the occurrence of neonatal asphyxia and to study the effects of gender and gestational age on serum homocysteine and folate levels.

METHODSThirty-five neonates with mild asphyxia (19 males and 16 females) and 40 normal neonates (control group,18 males and 22 females) were enrolled in this study. The asphyxia and the control groups consisted of 10 and 11 cases of preterm infants respectively. Serum homocysteine levels were measured using ELASA. Serum folate levels were measured using radioimmunity assay.

RESULTSSerum homocysteine level (14.66+/-2.61 micromol/L vs 7.55+/-0.50 mumol/L; P<0.05) was significantly higher and serum folate level (2.47+/-0.24 ng/mL vs 3.28+/-0.28 ng/mL; P<0.05) was significantly lower in the asphyxia group than that in the control group. There were no significant differences in serum levels of homocysteine and folate between males and females either in the asphyxia group or the control group. The asphyxiated neonates born at premature showed increased serum homocysteine level compared with the full-term neonates with asphyxia (21.25+/-5.01 micromol/L vs 12.34+/-2. 01 micromol/L; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe increased serum homocysteine level and decreased serum folate level are correlated with the occurrence of neonatal asphyxia. Serum homocysteine and folate levels are not associated with the gender. A more significantly increased serum homocysteine level may be found in asphyxiated neonates born at premature.

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; blood ; Female ; Folic Acid ; blood ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Sex Characteristics

OBJECTIVETo study the levels of blood lipid among Chinese adults in 2010 and analyze the epidemiological features.

METHODSFasting serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined for 90 395 subjects aged 18 and over who were selected by multi stage cluster random sampling method from 162 surveillance sites of 31 provinces of China mainland in 2010. After complex weighting, the differences of levels of serum total TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were analyzed in different age, gender and geographic regions.

RESULTSAfter complex weighting, the levels of serum TC in Chinese adults was (4.04 ± 1.08) mmol/L, with (3.86 ± 1.03), (4.29 ± 1.11) and (4.33 ± 1.09) mmol/L in the groups of 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old (F = 177.56, P < 0.01), respectively. The level of serum TC was (4.06 ± 1.09) mmol/L and (4.03 ± 1.07) mmol/L in males and females (F = 2.38, P > 0.05), respectively; (4.08 ± 1.13) mmol/L and (4.03 ± 1.06) mmol/L in urban and rural areas (F = 0.51, P > 0.05), respectively, and (4.13 ± 1.11), (4.03 ± 1.01) and (3.93 ± 1.11) mmol/L in areas of east, middle and west respectively (F = 2.56, P > 0.05). The levels of serum TG was (1.33 ± 1.28) mmol/L, with(1.26 ± 1.24), (1.48 ± 1.46) and (1.35 ± 1.05) mmol/L in the groups of 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old (F = 85.98, P < 0.01), respectively. The level of serum TG was (1.45 ± 1.48) mmol/L and (1.21 ± 1.01) mmol/L in males and females (F = 172.01, P < 0.01), respectively, (1.34 ± 1.26) mmol/L and (1.33 ± 1.28) mmol/L in urban and rural areas (F = 0.16, P > 0.05), respectively, and(1.30 ± 1.25), (1.35 ± 1.23) and (1.35 ± 1.36) mmol/L in areas of east, middle and west (F = 0.69, P > 0.05) respectively. The levels of serum HDL-C was (1.11 ± 0.31) mmol/L, with (1.09 ± 0.30), (1.13 ± 0.33) and (1.14 ± 0.33) mmol/L in the groups of 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old (F = 27.81, P < 0.01), respectively. The level of serum HDL-C was (1.08 ± 0.32) mmol/L and (1.14 ± 0.30) mmol/L in males and females (F = 178.66, P < 0.01), respectively, (1.11 ± 0.31) mmol/L and (1.11 ± 0.32) mmol/L in urban and rural areas (F = 0.09, P > 0.05), respectively, and (1.12 ± 0.32), (1.12 ± 0.31) and (1.09 ± 0.32) mmol/L in areas of east, middle and west (F = 1.06, P > 0.05) respectively. The levels of serum LDL-C was (2.27 ± 0.78) mmol/L, with (2.15 ± 0.74), (2.42 ± 0.80) and (2.46 ± 0.81) mmol/L in the groups of 18 - 44, 45 - 59 and over 60 years old (F = 129.84, P < 0.01), respectively. The level of serum LDL-C was (2.30 ± 0.78) mmol/L and (2.24 ± 0.78) mmol/L in males and females (F = 25.06, P < 0.01), respectively, (2.33 ± 0.82) mmol/L and (2.24 ± 0.76) mmol/L in urban and rural areas (F = 3.48, P > 0.05), respectively, and (2.35 ± 0.80), (2.25 ± 0.74) and (2.17 ± 0.77) mmol/L in areas of east, middle and west (F = 4.58, P < 0.05) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe levels of serum lipid of middle aged male, female after menopause and people living in eastern region were higher than other Chinese adults. Effective measures should be taken earlier to control serum lipid levels.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Young Adult