OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for continuous improvement of drug counseling and pharmaceutical care. METH-ODS:220 cases of drug counseling answered by inpatient general pharmacist were collected from our hospital during 2012-2013, and the contents of drug counseling were classified and analyzed. RESULTS:Among consultants,73.18% of them were physi-cians;the type of drug involved mainly were antibiotics,accounting for 42.73%;main contents of drug counseling included drug selection,usage and dosage,accounting for 47.27%. CONCLUSIONS:Pharmacists provide drug counseling for physicians and nurses,answer various questions about usage,and guide rational drug use so as to enhance the communication between pharma-cists and physicians,nurses,and promote rational drug use in the clinic.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Actinidia chinensis Planch polysaccharide (ACPS) on the growth and apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and to explore the effect of SGC-7901 cells on p-p38 expression.

METHODSThe inhibition rates at different concentrations of ACPS on SGC-7901 cells at 24, 48, and 72 h were detected using CCK-8 method. Apoptosis ratios in SGC-7901 were determined by flow cytometry after 48-h treatment of different concentrations of ACPS. The expression of pro-caspase-9, PARP, and p-p38 in SGC-7901 cells after treated by different concentrations of ACPS was detected using Western blot. The expression of pro-caspase-9, PARP, and p-p38 was detected after SGC-7901 cells were pre-treated by p38 specific inhibitor.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the optical density of SGC-7901 cells decreased after treated by 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/mL ACPS (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the longer the acting time, the lower the optic density (P < 0.01). IC50 was 7.43 mg/mL at 24 h; 3.88 mg/mL at 48 h, and 1.32 mg/mL at 72 h respectively. ACPS suppressed the protein expression of pro-caspase-9 (P < 0.01) and up-regulated the expression of PARP (89KD) (both P < 0.01). Further study showed that the protein expression of p-p38 was up-regulated in SGC-7901 cells treated by ACPS of different concentrations at 24 h (P < 0.05). The expression of phosphorylation p38 and the ACPS induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells could be inhibited after treated by specific inhibitor for 2 h.

CONCLUSIONSACPS could inhibit the growth of SGC-7901 cells and induce apoptosis. The underlying mechanism of inducing apoptosis was partially due to activating the p38MAPK path and further activating Caspase9 and PARP, finally leading to cell death.

Actinidia ; chemistry ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

This article was aimed to study the multicomponent in vivo releasing rules of Zuojin Gastric Floating Sus-tained-release Tablet. Stomach contents of rabbits were collected at different times and then prepared into solutions for the study. The HPLC was used to establish fingerprints of each time and fingerprints of completely dissolved samples. The in vivo releasing rates were calculated. The evaluation was made on releasing behaviors among index components as well as between index components and preparations. The results showed that within 10 h, the f2 of berberine and limonin, rutaecarpine, preparation were 52, 61.5, 66.4, respectively. The f2 of limonin and rutae-carpine, preparation were 70, 46.5, 53.7, respectively. It was concluded that within 10 h, the releasing behavior of berberine and limonin, rutaecarpine, preparation was similar. The releasing behavior of rutaecarpine and limonin, preparation was similar. However, the releasing behavior of limonin and preparation was different.

Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

The SRY gene from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) genome was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) with primers based on the sequence of Hostein SRY gene. The amplified fragment was 2005 bp include 5UTR ( 1 - 504bp) and 3'UTR(1196 - 2005bp). And the amplified fragment was cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis showed that the coding region of SRY gene (505 - 1195bp) from buffalo was highly homologous with those of other bovine counterpart genes (96% homology) , especially in the HMG box region (99%homology). It was found that there were only signal on male buffalo genome on Southern blot,which indicate SRY gene are highly conservative on evolves.

The aerolysin genes (aerA) of BZ and NK isolates were cloned and sequenced. The sequence analysis showed that the partial aerA of BZ and NK isolates consisted of 1393 bp, encoding a protein of 464 amino acids. The similarity of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of aerA between BZ and NK isolates was 97.6% and 98.3% respectively. The nucleotide sequence of aerA of BZ strain exhibited 71.6% to 97.5% homology with other Aeromonas isolates, and the amino acid sequence exhibited 68.0% to 98.9% homology. The phylogenetic tree based on aerA nucleotide sequences from Aeromonas isolates was constructed with neighbor-joining method. It showed that there were three branches of aerolysin genes, and a close relation- ship among Aeromonas hydrophila isolates which were clustered into the same branch.

AIM: To observe the clinical effects of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA ) before vitrectomy for retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment. · METHODS: Totally 23 cases ( 23 eyes ) of retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment in our hospital were treated by intravitreal injection of TA 4-5d before 23-Gauge micro-invasive vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection. All the cases were followed up between 6 to 9mo. The anatomic retinal reattachment, visual acuity, intraocular pressure and postoperative complications were observed and analyzed. ·RESULTS: After the surgery, the visual acuity of all patients were improved, with 9 eyes better than 0. 3 (39%), and 18 eyes better than 0. 05 (78%). The BCVA at 1wk, 1 and 3mo and last follow up were different compared with before operations (P<0. 05). The mean intraocular pressure was 4. 02±1. 47mmHg before injection, 13.69±4. 68mmHg before operation (P<0. 05), and17.72±5.87 mmHg after operation (P<0.05). The retina of all patients treated were reattached 2wk post-operatively. The retinal reattachment rate after the primary surgery and the secondary surgery was 87% and 100%, respectively. Post-operative complications included 7 eyes of transient high intraocular pressure, occurred during 12-14d after operations and returned to normal after less glucocorticoid eye drops and giving IOP lowering drugs. There were no intraocular hemorrhage, iatrogenic retinal breaks, infections, or lens injuries. · CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of TA before vitrectomy for retinal detachment associated with choroidal could improve the clinical effects, and decrease the difficulty of surgery while the injection itself is pretty safe.

AIM:To observe the efficacy and safety of 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).METHODS: Totally 104 cases (208 eyes) were received LASEK, which were selected and divided into study group and control group.The study group were adopted 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution combined with tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops, the control group were adopted tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops.The changes of visual acuity and intraocular pressure of two groups were recorded before and after surgery, and the score of painness and the occurrence of haze were observed after surgery.RESULTS: At postoperative 1, 2, 3d, respectively, the pain score of the study group were 1.70±0.35, 1.25±0.34, 0.82±0.32, the pain score of the control group were 2.30±0.43, 1.68±0.44, 1.12±0.33, the differences were significant (P<0.05).Before and at 2wk, 1, 3mo after surgery, respectively, uncorrected visual acuity of study group were 0.035±0.02, 0.71±0.13, 0.89±0.17, 0.88±0.18, while which of control group were 0.037±0.015, 0.73±0.15, 0.87±0.14, 0.86±0.15 (P>0.05), and the differences were not significant(P>0.05).At preoperative and postoperative 1, 2wk, 1 and 3mo of surgery, respectively, the intraocular pressure of study group were 17.33±1.58, 7.54±1.28, 7.23±1.58, 7.26±1.47, and 7.30±1.36 mmHg;the intraocular pressure of control group were 17.53±1.43,7.57±1.32,7.73±1.55,7.80±1.38,7.86±1.43 mmHg,the differences were not significant between before and at 2wk after surgery(P>0.05), the differences were significant between the two groups at 2wk, 1mo and 3mo (P<0.05).At postoperative 1, 3mo of surgery, the score of haze level of the study group were 91.7% and 93.3%, respectively and which in control group were 92.0% and 92.9%, respectively, and the differences were not significant between the two groups at every time point(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: It is safe and effective that 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis.The patient has a lower intraocular pressure, has similar therapeutic effect as glucocorticoid in vision and antiinflammatory.

Background The neovascular form of the disease usually causes severe vision loss in a number of eye diseases.Special-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides high-quality in retinal imaging and the possibility of the measurement in vivo.Objective This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of SD-OCT dynamically measuring choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods CNV was induced in 30 left eyes of 30 clean Brown Norway(BN)rats by retinal photocoagulation with the laser parameter as follows: wavelength 532 nm,exciting power 200 mW,spot diameter 100 μm and irradiating time 50 ms.Bubble or less retinal bleeding was thought as Brunch membrane breakage and CNV model establishment.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) was performed to determine the establishment of CNV model and scored based on the fluorescein leakage on 3,7,14,21 days after photocoagulation.Meanwhile,CNV memberane thickness (CMT) was dynamically measured in vivo as the maxiume value from retinal inner limiting membrane through choroidal vessel layer in various time points.Histopathologic examination was used in the 14th day to evaluate and verify the result of SD-OCT.The right eyes were as controls.Results FFA examination showed that disc-like leakage of fluorescein appeared in 7 days and extended in 14 days after photocoagulation with the scores of 1.6±0.4,2.5±0.6 and 2.4±0.5 in 7,14 and 21 days,showing a significant difference among them(F=13.11,P＜0.01).The fluorescein leakage score was significantly higher in 14 and 21 days than that of 7 days(both P＜0.05).CMT measured by SD-OCT was(76.33±10.09),(102.03±14.21)and(98.03±13.76) μm in 7,14 and 21 days after photocoagulation respectively,with a significant difference among 3 time points (F=23.25,P＜0.01),and that in 14 and 21 days was significantly declined in comparison with 7 days(both P＜0.05).The results of SD-OCT showed a consistent tendency with that of FFA.Histopathological examination showed CNV formation in 14 days after photocoagulation.Conclusions Experimental CNV model was successfully induced by laser photography.SD-OCT technology allows excellent visualization of CNV in vivo.

Objective To investigate the development of ultrastructure in grafts from a xenograft model of human hemangioma on nude mice.Methods Human infantile hemangioma tissue was obtained in surgery and planted into subcutaneous layer of nude mice in small pieces.The grafts were harvested on the 2~(nd),5~(th),15~(th),30~(th),45~(th) day and then at 2~(nd),3~(rd),4~(th),6~(th) month for transmission electron microscopic view.Results In early stage after transplantation,signs of degeneration and necrosis were more evident.On the 30~(th) day,the number of endothelial cells increased and some of the endothelial cells were larger in size with high nuclear to plasm ratio.At the 2~(nd) month,the number of endothelial cells increased,while some of these cells turned flat.Later,high endothelial cells decreased in number and collapse and pyknosis of plasm,formation of secondary lysosome,margination of chromatin,fragmentation of nucleus were evident with surrounding deposition of adipose and collagen.Conclusions With xenotransplantation of human infantile hemangioma tissue onto nude mice,the grafts may survive ischemia and proliferate,and then gradually involute.The development resembles a natural course of human infantile hemangioma.