Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; complications ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Liver ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of NF-kappaB and ICAM-1 in the gas explosion wounded lung of rats and the relationship.

METHODSDigoxin labeled NF-kappaB was used as probe. In situ hybridization was performed to detect the NF-kappaB mRNA. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of NF-kappaB and ICAM-1.

RESULTSThe levels of NF-kappaB mRNA, the expression of NF-kappaB and ICAM-1 in the wounded rats were significantly increased and reached their peak two hours after injury. Pathology of lung tissue showed that some crachea epithelium mucosae were desquamated; congestion, edema of trachea wall and infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes were found; hemorrhage, edema and infiltration of lots of inflammatory cells were present in alveolus cells. Electron microscope showed that type I, especially type II alveolus epithelia had degeneration and desquamation.

CONCLUSIONThe injury of gas explosion can activate NF-kappaB, which has close correlation with the acute injury to lung.

Animals ; Blast Injuries ; metabolism ; pathology ; Explosions ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; NF-kappa B ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the tumor-suppressing effect of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in osteosarcoma (OS) and explore its molecular mechanism.

METHODSWe examined the expression levels of miR-218 in 68 pairs of OS and adjacent tissue samples using qRT-PCR. Cultured human OS cell line Saos-2 was transfected with miR-218 mimics or anti-miR-218 mimics, and the cell apoptosis was assessed using CCK-8 assay, annexin V-FITC staining and Western blotting. We also analyzed the potential functional targets of miR-218 in Saos-2 cells using luciferase assay, qRT-PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTSThe expression level of miR-218 was lowered by at least 8 folds in OS tissues as compared with the adjacent tissues. In cultured Saos-2 cells, transfection with miR-218 mimics for 24, 36, and 48 h resulted in a significant reduction in the cell viability, while transfection with anti-miR-218 mimics significantly increased the cell viability. The cells transfected with miR-218 mimics showed an obviously enhanced expression of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (C-PARP) as compared with the cells transfected with anti-miR-218 mimics and the control cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated obviously increased apoptosis of the cells following miR-218 mimics transfection. We identified the oncogene B lymphoma mouse Moloney leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI-1) as a specific target of miR-218 in Saos-2 cells. BMI-1 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in Saos-2 cells overexpressing miR-218 but increased in the cells with miR-218 knockdown as compared to the control cells. Luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-218 directly inhibited the expression of BMI-1 via binding to its 3'-UTR in OS cells.

CONCLUSIONmiR-218 can promote OS cell apoptosis and plays the role as a tumor suppressor by down-regulating BMI-1.

Immunoglobulin G4-related sialadenitis (IgG4-RS) is a newly recognized immune-mediated disease and one of immunoglobulin G4-related diseases (IgG4-RD). Our multidisciplinary research group investigated the clinicopathological characteristics and diagnosis of IgG4-RS during the past 10 years. Clinically, it showed multiple bilateral enlargement of major salivary glands (including sublingual and accessory parotid glands) and lacrimal glands. The comorbid diseases of head and neck region including rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and lymphadenopathy were commonly seen, which could occur more early than enlargement of major salivary glands. Internal organ involvements, such as autoimmune pancreatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and interstitial pneumonia could also be seen. Thirty-five (38.5%) patients had the symptom of xerostomia. Saliva flow at rest was lower than normal. Secretory function was reduced more severely in the submandibular glands than in the parotid glands. Serum levels of IgG4 were elevated in almost all the cases and the majority of the patients had increased IgE levels. CT, ultrasonography, and sialography showed their imaging characteristics. Histologically it showed marked lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, large irregular lymphoid follicles with expanded germinal centers, prominent cellular interlobular fibrosis, eosinophil infiltration, and obliterative phlebitis. Their immunohistological examination showed marked IgG-positive and IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration and high IgG4/IgG ratio. The disease could be divided into three stages according to severity of glandular fibrosis. The serum IgG4 level was higher and the saliva secretion lower as glandular fibrosis increased. IgG4-RS should be differentiated from other diseases with enlargement of major salivary gland and lacrimal gland, such as primary Sjögren syndrome, chronic obstructive submandibular sialadenitis, and eosinophilic hyperplastic lymphogranuloma.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Sialadenitis ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; Submandibular Gland